稠油摻稀均質(zhì)化流場(chǎng)模擬及混合元件改進(jìn)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-15 07:13
【摘要】：稠油摻稀是稠油輸送的常用工藝之一,但稠油和稀油僅依靠它們的管流擾動(dòng)作用難以使稀油的分散和溶解作用充分發(fā)揮,也就很難實(shí)現(xiàn)稠油與稀油的均勻混合,從而造成稀油資源的極大浪費(fèi)。目前,稠稀油混合均勻性的研究主要集中在稠油井筒摻稀舉升與稠油-稀油的大罐攪拌混合,而有關(guān)稠油摻稀管道輸送的混合狀態(tài)研究則鮮有報(bào)道。為此,圍繞管輸稠油摻稀均質(zhì)化問題,系統(tǒng)研究稠油摻稀輸送管道加裝靜態(tài)混合器前后的稀稠油流場(chǎng)分布與管流特性,探索稠油摻稀均質(zhì)化的有效途徑,這對(duì)稠油摻稀降黏減阻輸送與稀油資源節(jié)約具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。以普通稠油PC、稀油X1與X2為研究對(duì)象,測(cè)試分析了稠油PC的流變特性及黏溫特性,評(píng)價(jià)了稀油X1和X2對(duì)稠油PC的降黏效果,觀測(cè)了稠油PC與稀油X1的模擬油PCm及X1m的自發(fā)擴(kuò)散混合過程;基于計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)理論,建立稠油摻稀混合輸送三維幾何模型,運(yùn)用ICEM進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格劃分,選用Mixture多相流模型,模擬計(jì)算稠油PC分別摻稀油X1和X2在自然流動(dòng)狀態(tài)下(管內(nèi)未加裝靜態(tài)混合元件)的稀稠油流場(chǎng)瞬態(tài)變化過程,分析摻稀比、油品進(jìn)口速度、稠油黏度和摻稀管道內(nèi)徑對(duì)稀稠油混合效果的影響;同時(shí)模擬計(jì)算加裝SK和SX混合元件對(duì)稀稠油流場(chǎng)瞬態(tài)變化的影響,評(píng)價(jià)SK和SX混合元件的作用效果,并針對(duì)效果較好的混合元件深入研究其混合效果的主要影響因素;搭建稠油摻稀混合的可視化實(shí)驗(yàn)管路系統(tǒng),模擬研究加裝SK型靜態(tài)混合元件前后的稀稠油混合狀態(tài),對(duì)比分析稠油摻稀混合的數(shù)值模擬與實(shí)驗(yàn)觀測(cè)結(jié)果的一致性,并對(duì)其提出波浪形混合元件的改進(jìn)思路,數(shù)值模擬與分析波浪形混合元件及其旋轉(zhuǎn)角對(duì)混合效果的改善。研究結(jié)果表明:普通稠油PC摻稀油X1的降黏效果優(yōu)于摻稀油X2;摻稀自然流動(dòng)時(shí),管道內(nèi)混合油品呈現(xiàn)"稀油-混合油-稠油"分層流動(dòng)現(xiàn)象,由于稀油X2密度較小,其在管道內(nèi)呈現(xiàn)的分層形態(tài)略偏心;隨著摻稀比的增大,流體達(dá)到穩(wěn)定流動(dòng)狀態(tài)的時(shí)間越短,稀油所占管道空間體積越大,流體分層現(xiàn)象仍然明顯,改變油品進(jìn)口速度和摻稀管道內(nèi)徑大小對(duì)改善稀稠油在管道內(nèi)的混合效果影響不大,稀稠油黏度差越小,稀稠油的混合狀態(tài)越好,但仍不能完全改善稀稠油分層現(xiàn)象;加裝SK元件能明顯改善混合油品分層現(xiàn)象,且混合效果優(yōu)于SX元件;隨著SK元件數(shù)增加,稠油、稀油混合越均勻,但能耗也隨之增大,加裝3組SK元件時(shí)混合最優(yōu),SK元件長徑比越小,湍動(dòng)作用越強(qiáng),稀稠油越能均勻混合,但能耗也越大,最優(yōu)長徑比為1:1.25;改進(jìn)SK元件形成波浪形元件,增強(qiáng)了流體的擾動(dòng)作用,提升了流體的混合效率,調(diào)整波浪形元件旋轉(zhuǎn)角為270°能增強(qiáng)流體的湍動(dòng)作用,提高流體的混合均勻性。
[Abstract]:Heavy oil blending with dilute oil is one of the common processes for heavy oil transportation, but heavy oil and dilute oil can hardly be dispersed and dissolved by their tubing disturbance, so it is difficult to realize the uniform mixing of heavy oil and dilute oil. Thus causing a great waste of thin oil resources. At present, the study of mixing uniformity of thick and thin oil is mainly focused on the mixing of heavy oil wellbore mixing with dilute lift and heavy oil-dilute oil mixing in large tanks, while the study on mixing state of heavy oil mixed with dilute pipeline transportation is seldom reported. Therefore, the flow field distribution and pipe flow characteristics of heavy oil mixed with dilute homogenization in heavy oil pipeline before and after the installation of static mixer are systematically studied, and the effective ways of heavy oil blending homogenization are explored. This is of practical significance to heavy oil blending with dilute viscosity reduction and drag reduction transportation and the conservation of dilute oil resources. The rheological properties and viscosity temperature characteristics of heavy oil PC were tested and analyzed by taking X1 and X2 of ordinary heavy oil PC, thin oil as the research object. The viscosity reduction effect of X1 and X2 oil on heavy oil PC was evaluated. The spontaneous diffusion mixing process of heavy oil PC and dilute oil X1, simulated oil PCm and X1m, was observed. Based on the theory of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the 3D geometry model of viscous oil mixed transportation is established, and the mesh is divided by ICEM, and the Mixture multiphase flow model is selected. The transient process of viscous heavy oil flow field in natural flow state (without static mixing element) of heavy oil PC mixed with dilute oil X1 and X2 is simulated, and the dilute ratio and oil inlet velocity are analyzed. The influence of viscosity of heavy oil and inner diameter of dilute pipeline on mixing effect of dilute heavy oil; At the same time, the influence of adding SK and SX mixed elements on transient change of dilute heavy oil flow field is simulated, and the effect of SK and SX mixing elements is evaluated, and the main influencing factors of mixing effect of SK and SX mixing elements are studied deeply. A visual experimental pipeline system for heavy oil mixing with dilute mixture was set up to simulate and study the mixing state of heavy oil before and after the installation of SK static mixing element, and the consistency between numerical simulation and experimental observation results of heavy oil mixing with dilute mixture was compared and analyzed. The improved thinking of wave mixing element is put forward, and the numerical simulation and analysis of wave mixing element and its rotation angle are presented to improve the mixing effect. The results show that the viscosity reduction effect of ordinary heavy oil PC mixed with dilute oil X1 is better than that of dilute oil X2. When mixed oil is mixed with dilute natural flow, there is a stratified flow phenomenon of "dilute oil-mixed oil-heavy oil" in pipeline. Due to the low density of dilute oil X2, the stratification appearance in pipeline is slightly eccentric. With the increase of dilute ratio, the shorter the time of fluid reaching stable flow state, the larger the volume of space occupied by dilute oil, and the obvious phenomenon of fluid stratification. Changing the inlet speed of oil and the inner diameter of dilute pipeline has little effect on improving the mixing effect of dilute heavy oil in pipeline. The smaller the viscosity of dilute heavy oil is, the better the mixing state of dilute heavy oil is, but it can not completely improve the stratification phenomenon of dilute heavy oil. Adding SK element can obviously improve the stratification phenomenon of mixed oil, and the mixing effect is better than that of SX element. With the increase of the number of SK components, the mixture of heavy oil and thin oil is more uniform, but the energy consumption is also increased. When three groups of SK elements are added, the mixing is optimal. The smaller the ratio of length to diameter of SK element, the stronger the turbulent action, the more uniform mixing of the dilute heavy oil, but the greater the energy consumption. The optimum ratio of length to diameter is 1: 1.25; By improving the SK element to form the wave element, the disturbance of the fluid is enhanced, and the mixing efficiency of the fluid is improved. The turbulent motion of the fluid can be enhanced by adjusting the rotation angle of the wave element to 270 擄, and the mixing uniformity of the fluid can be improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TE83
本文編號(hào)：2380221
[Abstract]:Heavy oil blending with dilute oil is one of the common processes for heavy oil transportation, but heavy oil and dilute oil can hardly be dispersed and dissolved by their tubing disturbance, so it is difficult to realize the uniform mixing of heavy oil and dilute oil. Thus causing a great waste of thin oil resources. At present, the study of mixing uniformity of thick and thin oil is mainly focused on the mixing of heavy oil wellbore mixing with dilute lift and heavy oil-dilute oil mixing in large tanks, while the study on mixing state of heavy oil mixed with dilute pipeline transportation is seldom reported. Therefore, the flow field distribution and pipe flow characteristics of heavy oil mixed with dilute homogenization in heavy oil pipeline before and after the installation of static mixer are systematically studied, and the effective ways of heavy oil blending homogenization are explored. This is of practical significance to heavy oil blending with dilute viscosity reduction and drag reduction transportation and the conservation of dilute oil resources. The rheological properties and viscosity temperature characteristics of heavy oil PC were tested and analyzed by taking X1 and X2 of ordinary heavy oil PC, thin oil as the research object. The viscosity reduction effect of X1 and X2 oil on heavy oil PC was evaluated. The spontaneous diffusion mixing process of heavy oil PC and dilute oil X1, simulated oil PCm and X1m, was observed. Based on the theory of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the 3D geometry model of viscous oil mixed transportation is established, and the mesh is divided by ICEM, and the Mixture multiphase flow model is selected. The transient process of viscous heavy oil flow field in natural flow state (without static mixing element) of heavy oil PC mixed with dilute oil X1 and X2 is simulated, and the dilute ratio and oil inlet velocity are analyzed. The influence of viscosity of heavy oil and inner diameter of dilute pipeline on mixing effect of dilute heavy oil; At the same time, the influence of adding SK and SX mixed elements on transient change of dilute heavy oil flow field is simulated, and the effect of SK and SX mixing elements is evaluated, and the main influencing factors of mixing effect of SK and SX mixing elements are studied deeply. A visual experimental pipeline system for heavy oil mixing with dilute mixture was set up to simulate and study the mixing state of heavy oil before and after the installation of SK static mixing element, and the consistency between numerical simulation and experimental observation results of heavy oil mixing with dilute mixture was compared and analyzed. The improved thinking of wave mixing element is put forward, and the numerical simulation and analysis of wave mixing element and its rotation angle are presented to improve the mixing effect. The results show that the viscosity reduction effect of ordinary heavy oil PC mixed with dilute oil X1 is better than that of dilute oil X2. When mixed oil is mixed with dilute natural flow, there is a stratified flow phenomenon of "dilute oil-mixed oil-heavy oil" in pipeline. Due to the low density of dilute oil X2, the stratification appearance in pipeline is slightly eccentric. With the increase of dilute ratio, the shorter the time of fluid reaching stable flow state, the larger the volume of space occupied by dilute oil, and the obvious phenomenon of fluid stratification. Changing the inlet speed of oil and the inner diameter of dilute pipeline has little effect on improving the mixing effect of dilute heavy oil in pipeline. The smaller the viscosity of dilute heavy oil is, the better the mixing state of dilute heavy oil is, but it can not completely improve the stratification phenomenon of dilute heavy oil. Adding SK element can obviously improve the stratification phenomenon of mixed oil, and the mixing effect is better than that of SX element. With the increase of the number of SK components, the mixture of heavy oil and thin oil is more uniform, but the energy consumption is also increased. When three groups of SK elements are added, the mixing is optimal. The smaller the ratio of length to diameter of SK element, the stronger the turbulent action, the more uniform mixing of the dilute heavy oil, but the greater the energy consumption. The optimum ratio of length to diameter is 1: 1.25; By improving the SK element to form the wave element, the disturbance of the fluid is enhanced, and the mixing efficiency of the fluid is improved. The turbulent motion of the fluid can be enhanced by adjusting the rotation angle of the wave element to 270 擄, and the mixing uniformity of the fluid can be improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TE83
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