發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-08 20:13

【摘要】：近年來(lái),將天然植物纖維或木質(zhì)填料與高分子材料復(fù)合,制備具有特定性能的環(huán)保型復(fù)合材料,日益引起人們的重視。目前,國(guó)內(nèi)對(duì)木質(zhì)填料填充橡膠、聚氨酯等彈性類(lèi)復(fù)合材料的研究相對(duì)較多,然而用木質(zhì)填料填充熱塑性彈性體的文章顯有報(bào)道。熱塑性彈性體材料不僅具有優(yōu)良的物理化學(xué)性能,并且不需再像橡膠那樣經(jīng)過(guò)熱硫化,可用來(lái)制備環(huán)保安全型材料。因此,用木質(zhì)填料填充熱塑性彈性體的研究顯得很有必要。本論文分別選用松木粉、竹粉、纖維素三種木質(zhì)填料填充氫化苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS),使用兼有相容性的無(wú)規(guī)聚丙烯蠟(APPW)、馬來(lái)酸酐接枝無(wú)規(guī)聚丙烯蠟(MAPPW)、脂肪蠟A三種潤(rùn)滑劑改善復(fù)合材料的加工流動(dòng)性。研究了木質(zhì)填料的含量及種類(lèi)、潤(rùn)滑劑的含量及種類(lèi)對(duì)SEBS基彈性木塑復(fù)合材料(下文中簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)為復(fù)合材料)的拉伸強(qiáng)度、100%定伸應(yīng)力、300%定伸應(yīng)力、斷裂伸長(zhǎng)率以及撕裂強(qiáng)度的影響,并通過(guò)掃描電鏡(SEM)觀察木質(zhì)填料含量對(duì)復(fù)合材料拉伸斷面形貌的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:固定SEBS和脂肪蠟A的含量,發(fā)現(xiàn)松木粉、竹粉、纖維素的加入對(duì)復(fù)合材料性能的影響規(guī)律基本一致,隨著木質(zhì)填料添加量的增加,材料的拉伸性能、撕裂強(qiáng)度均呈現(xiàn)先上升后下降的趨勢(shì)。當(dāng)這些木質(zhì)填料添加量為25份時(shí),復(fù)合材料的綜合性能最好,而填充效果從好到差依次為:纖維素松木粉竹粉。木質(zhì)填料的形態(tài)以及種類(lèi)都會(huì)對(duì)填充效果產(chǎn)生影響。通過(guò)SEM圖片的分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)木質(zhì)填料含量增加,木質(zhì)填料的分散效果變差,SEBS與木質(zhì)填料的界面作用變差。固定SEBS與木質(zhì)填料的含量,發(fā)現(xiàn)脂肪蠟A、APPW、MAPPW加入后復(fù)合材料的拉伸強(qiáng)度、定伸強(qiáng)度、撕裂強(qiáng)度降低,并且隨添加量增加,下降幅度越大,而斷裂伸長(zhǎng)率在一定添加范圍得到提高。潤(rùn)滑劑的加入顯現(xiàn)不出相容效果,只體現(xiàn)潤(rùn)滑、增塑作用。三種潤(rùn)滑劑添加量均為4份時(shí),對(duì)復(fù)合材料作用效果從好到差依次為:MAPPWAPPW脂肪蠟A。實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)SEBS與木質(zhì)填料的相容性很好,界面結(jié)合強(qiáng)度大,非常適于制備彈性木塑復(fù)合材料。在木塑復(fù)合材料的加工過(guò)程中,木質(zhì)填料會(huì)發(fā)生動(dòng)態(tài)熱化學(xué)變化,對(duì)復(fù)合材料性能產(chǎn)生影響,因此不能將木質(zhì)填料像普通無(wú)機(jī)填料一樣對(duì)待。
[Abstract]:In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the preparation of environmental-friendly composites with special properties by compounding natural plant fibers or wood fillers with polymer materials. At present there are more researches on elastic composites such as rubber and polyurethane filled with wood fillers. However the paper on filling thermoplastic elastomers with wood fillers has been reported. Thermoplastic elastomers not only have excellent physical and chemical properties, but also can be used to prepare environmentally friendly and safe materials without having to undergo thermal vulcanization as rubber. Therefore, it is necessary to fill thermoplastic elastomers with wood fillers. In this paper, three kinds of wood fillers, pine powder, bamboo powder and cellulose, were used to fill the block copolymer (SEBS), of hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene with both compatible random polypropylene wax (APPW),. Maleic anhydride grafting random polypropylene wax (MAPPW), fat wax A three kinds of lubricants improve the processing fluidity of composites. The tensile strength, 100% constant tensile stress and 300% constant tensile stress of SEBS-based elastic wood-plastic composites (hereinafter referred to as composites) were studied with the contents and types of wood fillers and lubricants. The effects of elongation at break and tear strength on tensile cross-section morphology of composites were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the effects of pine wood powder, bamboo powder and cellulose on the properties of composites were basically the same when the contents of SEBS and fat wax A were fixed, and the tensile properties of the composites were increased with the increase of the amount of wood fillers. Tear strength increased first and then decreased. When the addition of these wood fillers is 25 phr, the comprehensive properties of the composites are the best, and the filling effect is in the order of cellulose pine wood flour bamboo powder from good to bad. The shape and species of wood fillers have an impact on the filling effect. Through the analysis of SEM images, it was found that the content of wood fillers increased, the dispersion effect of wood fillers became worse, and the interfacial interaction between SEBS and wood fillers became worse. Fixed the content of SEBS and wood fillers, it was found that the tensile strength, constant tensile strength and tear strength of the composites were decreased with the addition of fat wax A, APPW and MAPPW, and the decreasing extent was greater with the increase of the content of fat wax A, APPW and MAPPW. The elongation at break was increased in a certain range of addition. The addition of lubricant does not show compatible effect, only reflects lubrication, plasticizing effect. When the content of the three lubricants was 4 phr, the effect on the composites was as follows: MAPPWAPPW fat wax A. It is found that the compatibility of SEBS and wood filler is very good and the interfacial bonding strength is high, so it is very suitable for the preparation of elastic wood-plastic composites. In the process of processing wood-plastic composites, wood fillers will take place dynamic thermochemical changes, which will affect the properties of composites. Therefore, wood fillers can not be treated like ordinary inorganic fillers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB332

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