發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-12-26 20:34

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：漢語詞素位置編碼及時(shí)空整合的認(rèn)知研究　出處：《電子科技大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 漢語合成詞 詞素位置編碼 右視野優(yōu)勢效應(yīng) 注意瞬脫 下視野優(yōu)勢效應(yīng)

【摘要】：視覺單詞識(shí)別是閱讀的基本過程。在閱讀中,讀者需要對一定視野范圍內(nèi)字詞的屬性及其位置進(jìn)行編碼。本文以漢語合成詞詞素位置編碼為研究課題,重點(diǎn)研究了詞素位置編碼的時(shí)間進(jìn)程和空間加工特征,主要研究內(nèi)容分為四部分。第一部分主要從時(shí)間維度上考察漢語詞素位置編碼對視覺注意瞬脫效應(yīng)的影響。注意瞬脫是指在快速序列視覺呈現(xiàn)中,被試對第一個(gè)目標(biāo)刺激的正確辨認(rèn)影響了在時(shí)間上與該目標(biāo)刺激相近的(通常500毫秒以內(nèi))第二個(gè)目標(biāo)刺激的識(shí)別現(xiàn)象。本研究通過對漢語合成詞的兩個(gè)詞素分離及其位置顛倒來研究其對注意瞬脫的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn):在假詞情況下,出現(xiàn)注意瞬脫現(xiàn)象;而在詞語、詞素?fù)Q位非詞以及逆序詞情況下,均沒有出現(xiàn)注意瞬脫現(xiàn)象,這說明漢語詞素位置編碼會(huì)導(dǎo)致注意瞬脫現(xiàn)象的消失。在詞素?fù)Q位非詞情況下,對兩個(gè)目標(biāo)漢字順序識(shí)別錯(cuò)誤率最高,尤其是在短時(shí)間間隔情況下。該結(jié)果進(jìn)一步說明,在漢語詞素分離和顛倒詞語的識(shí)別過程中,相比于認(rèn)知資源理論,注意瞬脫更傾向于是一種認(rèn)知加工策略。同時(shí),該實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果也說明在中文閱讀中,合成詞是作為整體加工的,詞素位置編碼不嚴(yán)格,讀者能容易的識(shí)別具有詞素位置分離以及顛倒的詞語。第二部分主要考察了詞素位置編碼的時(shí)間進(jìn)程。已有研究顯示,詞語詞素位置編碼發(fā)生在視覺單詞識(shí)別的早期階段,但并沒有確定具體的時(shí)間進(jìn)程。因此,本研究通過雙任務(wù)快速序列視覺呈現(xiàn)范式并使用漢語合成詞,詞素?fù)Q位非詞,逆序詞以及假詞作為實(shí)驗(yàn)刺激材料來探討詞素位置編碼及其時(shí)間進(jìn)程。漢字刺激流中的每一個(gè)項(xiàng)目的呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間為30毫秒。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,在詞語,詞素?fù)Q位非詞和逆序詞中,第一個(gè)識(shí)別的目標(biāo)漢字在整個(gè)時(shí)間流程中都促進(jìn)了對另一個(gè)目標(biāo)漢字的識(shí)別;而在假詞中,第一個(gè)識(shí)別的目標(biāo)漢字抑制了對另一個(gè)目標(biāo)漢字的識(shí)別。對詞素?fù)Q位非詞的兩個(gè)目標(biāo)漢字的識(shí)別正確率要低于詞語和逆序詞的兩個(gè)目標(biāo)漢字的識(shí)別正確率。此外,兩個(gè)目標(biāo)漢字順序識(shí)別的錯(cuò)誤率隨著時(shí)間間隔的增加逐漸降低;在詞語和逆序詞中,目標(biāo)漢字順序識(shí)別錯(cuò)誤主要發(fā)生在30毫秒至180毫秒,而在詞素?fù)Q位非詞中,目標(biāo)漢字順序識(shí)別錯(cuò)誤主要發(fā)生在30毫秒至240毫秒。總的來說,這些實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,讀者可以輕松的閱讀詞素?fù)Q位非詞,但是相比于詞語,詞素?fù)Q位非詞還是存在一定的加工位置信息的認(rèn)知負(fù)荷。在視覺單詞識(shí)別的早期階段,基詞的整體表征已經(jīng)激活,但是對詞素位置的加工并不嚴(yán)格。第三部分主要通過雙任務(wù)快速序列視覺呈現(xiàn)范式并使用詞語,詞素?fù)Q位非詞和假詞作為實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)繕?biāo)刺激來探討漢語合成詞詞素分離和顛倒在左右視野中的加工特征。在實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中,第一個(gè)目標(biāo)漢字總是出現(xiàn)在0°離心率的位置,第二個(gè)目標(biāo)漢字隨機(jī)出現(xiàn)在左右視野0°,2°,4°和6°離心率的位置。同時(shí),第一個(gè)目標(biāo)漢字和第二個(gè)目標(biāo)漢字之間隨機(jī)出現(xiàn)100毫秒,300毫秒,500毫秒和700毫秒的時(shí)間間隔。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,右視野優(yōu)勢效應(yīng)在詞語情況下出現(xiàn),而該效應(yīng)在詞素?fù)Q位非詞情況下消失。讀者能從中央窩視野和副中央窩視野提取相同質(zhì)量的語義信息,不論漢語合成詞的詞素位置顛倒與否,但是在右視野邊緣區(qū)域?qū)φZ義信息的提取有一定的困難。此外,兩個(gè)目標(biāo)漢字的順序識(shí)別錯(cuò)誤率在中央位置和最短時(shí)間間隔的時(shí)候最高,并隨著離心率和時(shí)間間隔的增加而逐漸降低。因此,我們認(rèn)為,漢語合成詞詞素位置顛倒主要在右視野邊緣區(qū)域敏感。詞素位置錯(cuò)誤主要發(fā)生在中央窩(0°離心率)和100毫秒的時(shí)間間隔,這表明,在視覺單詞識(shí)別的早期階段,對呈現(xiàn)在中央窩區(qū)域的詞語詞素位置更可能被顛倒。第四部分主要通過雙任務(wù)快速序列視覺呈現(xiàn)范式并使用詞語,詞素?fù)Q位非詞和假詞作為實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)繕?biāo)刺激來考察詞素分離及其顛倒在上下視野中的加工特征。在實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中,第一個(gè)目標(biāo)漢字總是出現(xiàn)在0°離心率的位置,第二個(gè)目標(biāo)漢字隨機(jī)出現(xiàn)在上下視野0°,2°,4°和6°離心率的位置。同時(shí),第一個(gè)目標(biāo)漢字和第二個(gè)目標(biāo)漢字之間隨機(jī)出現(xiàn)100毫秒,300毫秒,500毫秒和700毫秒的時(shí)間間隔。研究結(jié)果顯示,當(dāng)加工詞語的時(shí)候,出現(xiàn)下視野優(yōu)勢效應(yīng);當(dāng)加工詞素?fù)Q位非詞和假詞的時(shí)候,沒有上下視野優(yōu)勢效應(yīng)。此外,對目標(biāo)漢字的順序識(shí)別錯(cuò)誤率在中心位置和最短時(shí)間間隔時(shí)候最高。上述結(jié)果表明,在上下視野中,漢語詞素位置編碼在下視野相對敏感,并且詞素順序錯(cuò)誤編碼主要發(fā)生在0°離心率和100毫秒時(shí)間間隔。綜上所述,漢語詞素位置編碼使得注意瞬脫消失。詞素位置錯(cuò)誤編碼主要發(fā)生在30毫秒至180毫秒這個(gè)詞語加工時(shí)間段。此外,詞素位置編碼在右視野和下視野相對比較敏感,且詞素位置錯(cuò)誤編碼主要發(fā)生在視野0°離心率和100毫秒時(shí)間間隔。以上結(jié)果表明,詞素位置編碼主要發(fā)生在視覺單詞識(shí)別的早期階段,并且對詞素位置加工不是很嚴(yán)格。
[Abstract]:Visual word recognition is the basic process of reading. In reading, the reader needs to encode the attributes and positions of words in a certain field of vision. In this paper, we focus on the location and coding of morphemes in Chinese compound words. We focus on the temporal process and spatial processing characteristics of morpheme location encoding. The main research contents are divided into four parts. The first part mainly examines the effect of Chinese morpheme position coding on visual attention blink from the time dimension. Attention blink refers to the correct recognition of the first target stimulus in fast sequence visual presentation, which affects the recognition phenomenon of second target stimuli which are similar to the target stimulus in time (usually less than 500 milliseconds). In this study, the effect of two morphemes on the attention transients was studied by the separation of the morphemes of Chinese synthetic words and the reversal of their positions. It is found that there is attention blink phenomenon in the case of false words, but there is no attention blink phenomenon when words, morphemes transposition non words and reverse words, which indicates that the location encoding of Chinese morphemes can cause the attentional blink to disappear. In the case of morpheme transposition non words, the error rate of the two target Chinese character sequence recognition is the highest, especially in the short time interval. The results further indicate that in the process of identifying Chinese morphemes and reversing word recognition, compared with the theory of cognitive resources, attention blink tends to a cognitive processing strategy. At the same time, the experimental results also show that in Chinese reading, synthetic words are processed as a whole, and morpheme location coding is not strict. Readers can easily identify words with morpheme position separation and inversion. The second part mainly examines the time process of the morpheme position coding. Previous studies have shown that word morpheme location coding takes place at the early stage of visual word recognition, but does not determine the specific time process. Therefore, this study explored the morpheme location encoding and its time course through two tasks fast sequence visual presentation paradigm and Chinese compound words, morpheme transposition non words, reverse order words and fake words as experimental stimuli. The presentation time of each item in the Chinese character stimulation flow is 30 milliseconds. Experimental results show that, in the words, non words and morphemes transposition inverted words, the first recognition of the target Chinese characters have promoted the identification of another target in the whole process Chinese characters; and in the false words, the first recognition of the target recognition of Chinese characters suppressed another goal Chinese characters. The recognition accuracy of the two target Chinese characters of the morpheme transposition non words is lower than the recognition accuracy of the two target characters of the words and the reverse word. In addition, two target sequence recognition error rate Chinese characters with increasing time interval gradually decreased; in the words and morphemes words, target sequence Chinese characters recognition errors occurred within 30 ms to 180 ms, while in the non word morpheme transposition, target sequence recognition error Chinese characters mainly occurred in the 30 ms to 240 Ms. Generally speaking, these experimental results show that readers can read morpheme transposition non words easily, but compared with words, morpheme transposition non words still have certain cognitive load of location information. In the early stage of visual word recognition, the overall representation of the base word has been activated, but the processing of the morpheme position is not strict. The third part mainly discusses the processing characteristics of Chinese compound word morphemes separation and inversion in the left and right field of vision by using two tasks fast sequence visual presentation paradigm and using words, morphemes, transposition non words and pseudo words as experimental target stimuli. In the process of experiment, the first target Chinese character always appears at the position of 0 degree centrifugal rate, and the second target Chinese characters appear randomly in the position of 0 degrees, 2 degrees, 4 degrees and 6 degrees of centrifugation. At the same time, a random 100 millisecond, 300 millisecond, 500 millisecond and 700 millisecond interval between the first target Chinese character and the second target Chinese characters. The experimental results show that the advantage effect of right visual field appears in the case of words, and the effect disappears in the non word morpheme transposition. Readers can extract the same quality semantic information from the view of the central fossa and the visual field of the secondary central fossa, regardless of the location of the morphemes of the Chinese compound words. However, it is difficult to extract the semantic information from the edge area of the right vision. In addition, the recognition error rate of two target Chinese characters is the highest at the central location and the shortest time interval, and decreases with the increase of centrifugal rate and time interval. Therefore, we believe that the inversion of the morpheme position of the Chinese synthetic word is mainly sensitive to the right visual area. The location errors of morphemes mainly occurred at the time interval between the central fossa (0 degree centrifugal rate) and the 100 millisecond interval. This indicates that in the early stage of visual word recognition, the location of words and morphemes in the central fossa area is more likely to be reversed. The fourth part mainly investigates the processing characteristics of morpheme separation and its upside down in the upper and lower field by using two tasks fast sequence visual presentation paradigm and using words, morphemes, transposition, non words and pseudo words as experimental target stimuli. In the process of experiment, the first target Chinese character always appears at the position of 0 degree centrifugal rate, and the second target Chinese characters appear randomly in the position of 0 degrees, 2 degrees, 4 degrees and 6 degrees of centrifugation. At the same time, a random 100 millisecond, 300 millisecond, 500 millisecond and 700 millisecond interval between the first target Chinese character and the second target Chinese characters. The results show that when processing words, the effect of inferior visual field appears. When processing morphemes, there are no superior and inferior visual field effects when processing morphemes. In addition, the sequence recognition error rate for the target Chinese characters is the highest at the center position and the shortest time interval. The above results show that in the upper and lower field of vision, Chinese morpheme location coding is relatively sensitive to the lower field of vision, and the morpheme sequence error coding mainly occurs at 0 degree centrifugal rate and 100 millisecond time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：B842

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