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  本文選題：云計算　切入點(diǎn)：容錯即服務(wù)　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：云計算以其虛擬化、按需服務(wù)等特點(diǎn)吸引了越來越多的應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)遷移到云上。但是,云平臺底層基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的高度復(fù)雜性使得云數(shù)據(jù)中心會經(jīng)受大量的故障,并降低云應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)的可靠性。因此,容錯對云應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)變得十分重要。如果由云基礎(chǔ)架構(gòu)服務(wù)提供商為云應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)提供容錯服務(wù),不同云應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)的容錯需求將不能被充分顧及;相反,如果由云應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)自行實(shí)現(xiàn)容錯機(jī)制,云基礎(chǔ)架構(gòu)底層物理資源將很難得到充分利用。因此,容錯即服務(wù)模式應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,即由第三方容錯服務(wù)提供商以容錯即服務(wù)的方式為云應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)提供容錯服務(wù)。這不僅能夠顧全不同云應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)的容錯需求,還能充分利用底層的云資源。在目前的容錯即服務(wù)研究中,很多研究都假設(shè)用戶在定義容錯需求時指定了容錯方法,但這會存在如下不足:首先,容錯解決的主要問題是提高應(yīng)用的可靠性,而可靠性是用戶最關(guān)心的問題。讓用戶指定容錯方法會使用戶的容錯需求無法直接反映用戶關(guān)心的可靠性。其次,如果用戶指定容錯方法,那么滿足用戶容錯需求所需的資源將是固定的。云容錯服務(wù)供應(yīng)商現(xiàn)有資源的固定性以及滿足用戶容錯需求所需資源的固定性,使供應(yīng)商只能為固定數(shù)量的用戶提供容錯服務(wù),這會使云資源得不到充分利用,進(jìn)而對供應(yīng)商的收益產(chǎn)生影響。因此,本文針對用戶容錯需求定義無法直接反映容錯可靠性以及云容錯服務(wù)供應(yīng)商資源得不到充分利用等問題,提出了一種融合容錯需求和資源約束的云容錯服務(wù)適配方法。對用戶的容錯需求進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的定義,并從云容錯服務(wù)供應(yīng)商的角度,分別在其資源是否足夠以及是否考慮容錯方法間的切換開銷的場景下,研究容錯服務(wù)適配方法并使用最優(yōu)化理論生成該適配方法下的容錯服務(wù)。本文的工作主要包括以下幾個部分:給出用戶容錯需求的合理描述方式;計算使用不同的容錯方法滿足用戶可靠性需求時的資源需求、成本開銷和響應(yīng)時間,并對容錯方法的容錯效果進(jìn)行分析;計算容錯方法間的切換開銷;提出不同場景下的容錯服務(wù)適配方法并生成相應(yīng)的容錯服務(wù)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,本文提出的容錯服務(wù)適配方法生成的容錯服務(wù),不僅能夠滿足用戶的容錯需求,還能使云容錯服務(wù)供應(yīng)商通過充分利用資源獲得最大收益。
[Abstract]:Cloud computing has attracted more and more applications to migrate to the cloud because of its virtualization and on-demand services. However, the high complexity of the underlying infrastructure of the cloud platform makes cloud data centers subject to a large number of failures. And reduce the reliability of cloud applications. Therefore, fault tolerance becomes very important for cloud applications. If cloud infrastructure service providers provide fault-tolerant services for cloud applications, The fault-tolerant requirements of different cloud applications will not be fully taken into account; on the contrary, if cloud applications implement fault tolerance mechanisms themselves, it will be difficult to make full use of the underlying physical resources of cloud infrastructure. That is, the third party fault-tolerant service providers provide fault-tolerant services to cloud applications in a fault-tolerant manner, which not only can cater for the fault-tolerant requirements of different cloud applications, In the current research on fault-tolerant as services, many studies assume that users specify fault-tolerant methods when defining fault-tolerant requirements, but this will have the following shortcomings: first, The main problem to be solved by fault tolerance is to improve the reliability of the application, and reliability is the most important issue for the user. To let the user specify the fault-tolerant method will not directly reflect the reliability of the user's concern. If the user specifies a fault-tolerant method, the resources required to meet the user's fault-tolerant requirements will be fixed. A vendor can only provide fault-tolerant services to a fixed number of users, which causes cloud resources to be underutilized, which in turn has an impact on the vendor's revenue. In this paper, the definition of user fault tolerance requirements can not directly reflect the fault tolerance reliability and cloud fault-tolerant service provider resources are not fully utilized and so on. A cloud fault-tolerant service adaptation method combining fault-tolerant requirements and resource constraints is proposed. The user's fault-tolerant requirements are defined in detail, and from the point of view of cloud fault-tolerant service providers, In scenarios where its resources are adequate and whether the switching overhead between fault-tolerant methods is considered, The fault-tolerant service adaptation method is studied and the fault-tolerant service under the adaptive method is generated by the optimization theory. The main work of this paper includes the following parts: the reasonable description method of the user's fault-tolerant requirement is given; The resource requirements, cost overhead and response time of different fault-tolerant methods are calculated, and the fault-tolerant effect of the fault-tolerant methods is analyzed, and the switching overhead between the fault-tolerant methods is calculated. The fault tolerant service adaptation method in different scenarios is proposed and the corresponding fault-tolerant service is generated. Experimental results show that the fault-tolerant service generated by the proposed fault-tolerant service adaptation method can not only meet the fault-tolerant needs of users. It also enables cloud fault-tolerant service providers to maximize benefits by making full use of resources.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP302.8

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本文編號：1647719