發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-03 10:56

  本文選題：大規(guī)模MIMO + 導(dǎo)頻復(fù)用　； 參考：《東南大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：為了適應(yīng)持續(xù)呈指數(shù)增長(zhǎng)的無線業(yè)務(wù)需求,未來移動(dòng)通信系統(tǒng)需要在無線物理層傳輸?shù)榷喾矫鎸?shí)現(xiàn)新的突破。其中,在基站側(cè)配備大規(guī)模天線陣列的大規(guī)模多輸入多輸出(MIMO, multiple-input multiple-output)無線傳輸能夠顯著提升系統(tǒng)頻譜效率和功率效率,被認(rèn)為是未來移動(dòng)通信系統(tǒng)最具潛力的研究方向。信道狀態(tài)信息的獲取是MIMO無線傳輸?shù)幕�礎(chǔ),目前大規(guī)模MIMO無線傳輸中信道狀態(tài)信息大多通過周期性發(fā)送正交導(dǎo)頻來獲取,相應(yīng)的導(dǎo)頻開銷將隨著天線數(shù)目線性增長(zhǎng)。在中高速移動(dòng)場(chǎng)景中,導(dǎo)頻開銷將消耗掉大量的時(shí)頻資源,構(gòu)成系統(tǒng)瓶頸。實(shí)際室外大規(guī)模MIMO無線信道通常呈現(xiàn)能量集中特性,利用這一信道特性,可以提升導(dǎo)頻資源的復(fù)用能力,降低導(dǎo)頻開銷。鑒于此,本論文開展基于導(dǎo)頻復(fù)用的大規(guī)模MIMO無線傳輸理論方法研究。全文主要工作與貢獻(xiàn)如下：首先,針對(duì)平衰落信道,提出了基于角度域?qū)ьl復(fù)用的大規(guī)模MIMO無線傳輸理論方法。從實(shí)際物理信道模型出發(fā),研究了空間相關(guān)瑞利衰落大規(guī)模MIMO信道特性,證明了當(dāng)基站側(cè)天線數(shù)目趨于無窮大時(shí),信道協(xié)方差矩陣的特征向量取決于基站側(cè)陣列響應(yīng)矢量,特征值取決于信道角度功率譜,從理論上揭示了信道空間相關(guān)性與信道角度功率譜之間的關(guān)系�；�于這一信道模型,進(jìn)而證明了當(dāng)復(fù)用導(dǎo)頻的不同用戶其空間到達(dá)角的區(qū)間互相不重疊時(shí),信道估計(jì)均方誤差之和能夠達(dá)到最小值,從理論上證明了在角度擴(kuò)展受限的空間相關(guān)大規(guī)模MIMO信道上實(shí)施導(dǎo)頻復(fù)用的可行性�？紤]到導(dǎo)頻復(fù)用可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致信道估計(jì)性能下降,進(jìn)而研究了導(dǎo)頻復(fù)用下的魯棒上下行傳輸,推導(dǎo)得到了基于信號(hào)檢測(cè)均方誤差之和最小準(zhǔn)則的魯棒上行多用戶檢測(cè)器與魯棒下行多用戶預(yù)編碼器的閉式表達(dá),證明了兩者之間的對(duì)偶性。在此基礎(chǔ)上,研究了信道估計(jì)與信號(hào)檢測(cè)均方誤差之和最小準(zhǔn)則下的導(dǎo)頻調(diào)度方法。證明了當(dāng)復(fù)用導(dǎo)頻的不同用戶其信道空間到達(dá)角區(qū)間互相不重疊時(shí),兩類均方誤差性能均達(dá)到最優(yōu),并基于該最優(yōu)條件提出了一種基于角度域信道統(tǒng)計(jì)特征的低復(fù)雜度導(dǎo)頻調(diào)度算法。數(shù)值仿真結(jié)果表明,所提出的角度域?qū)ьl復(fù)用相比于傳統(tǒng)的正交導(dǎo)頻能夠顯著提升系統(tǒng)凈頻譜效率。其次,針對(duì)采用正交頻分復(fù)用(OFDM, orthogonal frequency division mul-tiplexing)調(diào)制的寬帶大規(guī)模MIMO傳輸,提出了基于角度時(shí)延域?qū)ьl復(fù)用的大規(guī)模MIMO-OFDM信道狀態(tài)信息獲取理論方法。從實(shí)際物理信道模型出發(fā),推導(dǎo)得到了大規(guī)模MIMO-OFDM信道空間頻率相關(guān)陣和信道角度時(shí)延功率譜之間的關(guān)系。從理論上證明,當(dāng)基站側(cè)天線數(shù)目趨于無窮大時(shí),不同用戶信道空間頻率相關(guān)陣的特征向量趨近于相同,而特征值取決于各自的信道角度時(shí)延功率譜,從理論上揭示了大規(guī)模MIMO-OFDM信道在角度時(shí)延域的近似稀疏特性�；�于這一信道模型,提出了頻域相移可調(diào)導(dǎo)頻,研究了基于頻域相移可調(diào)導(dǎo)頻的信道狀態(tài)信息獲取理論方法,并從理論上證明,當(dāng)經(jīng)過頻域相移導(dǎo)頻調(diào)度后的各用戶等效信道在角度時(shí)延域互相不重疊時(shí),相應(yīng)的信道估計(jì)與信道預(yù)測(cè)均方誤差之和均能達(dá)到最小值。依據(jù)該信道狀態(tài)信息獲取最優(yōu)條件,進(jìn)而提出了一種低復(fù)雜度的頻域相移導(dǎo)頻調(diào)度算法。上述結(jié)果在單個(gè)和多個(gè)連續(xù)OFDM符號(hào)的場(chǎng)景下均進(jìn)行了論證。典型移動(dòng)場(chǎng)景下的數(shù)值仿真結(jié)果表明,所提出的相移可調(diào)導(dǎo)頻相比于傳統(tǒng)的相移正交導(dǎo)頻能夠顯著提升系統(tǒng)頻譜效率。最后,針對(duì)毫米波／太赫茲大規(guī)模MIMO系統(tǒng),提出了基于逐波束時(shí)頻同步的波束分多址傳輸理論方法。從大規(guī)模MIMO波束域物理信道模型出發(fā),證明了當(dāng)基站側(cè)與用戶側(cè)配置的天線數(shù)目均充分大時(shí),波束域信道元素趨向于具有統(tǒng)計(jì)不相關(guān)特性且元素方差取決于信道角度功率譜。此外,波束域信道元素的包絡(luò)趨向于不隨時(shí)間和頻率起伏�；�于這一波束域信道特征,提出逐波束時(shí)頻同步方法。從理論上證明了與傳統(tǒng)的天線域同步相比,所提出的逐波束同步能夠同時(shí)縮減寬帶大規(guī)模MIMO信道的等效時(shí)延擴(kuò)展和多普勒頻率擴(kuò)展,且縮減因子近似等于用戶端配備的天線數(shù)目。進(jìn)一步將所提出的逐波束同步方法應(yīng)用于大規(guī)模MIMO波束分多址傳輸,研究了基站側(cè)與用戶端射頻鏈路數(shù)目受限情形下的波束調(diào)度問題,并提出了一種基于波束域信道統(tǒng)計(jì)特征的低復(fù)雜度波束調(diào)度算法。典型移動(dòng)場(chǎng)景下的數(shù)值仿真結(jié)果表明,在波束分多址傳輸框架下,所提出的逐波束同步方法相比傳統(tǒng)的天線域同步方法能夠顯著降低波束域信道的多徑效應(yīng)和多普勒效應(yīng),提升其導(dǎo)頻復(fù)用信道估計(jì)性能和無線傳輸性能,進(jìn)而提升對(duì)毫米波／太赫茲信道下用戶終端移動(dòng)性的支持。
[Abstract]:In order to adapt to the continuous exponential growth of wireless service demand, future mobile communication systems need to achieve new breakthroughs in many aspects, such as wireless physical layer transmission. Among them, large-scale multi input and multiple output (MIMO, multiple-input multiple-output) wireless transmission with large antenna arrays on the base station side can significantly improve the spectrum efficiency of the system. Rate and power efficiency are considered as the most potential research direction of future mobile communication systems. The acquisition of channel state information is the basis of MIMO wireless transmission. At present, the channel state information in large-scale MIMO wireless transmission is mostly obtained through the periodic transmission of orthogonal pilot, and the corresponding pilot overhead will increase linearly with the number of antennas. In the medium and high speed mobile scene, the pilot cost will consume a large number of time and frequency resources and constitute the bottleneck of the system. The actual outdoor large-scale MIMO wireless channel usually presents the characteristics of the energy concentration. Using this channel characteristic, the multiplexing ability of the pilot resource can be improved and the pilot cost can be reduced. In this paper, a large-scale MI based on pilot multiplexing is carried out in this paper. The main work and contributions of the MO wireless transmission theory are as follows: first, a large scale MIMO wireless transmission theory based on angular domain pilot multiplexing is proposed for flat fading channels. Based on the actual physical channel model, the characteristics of the space related Rayleigh fading large conventional mode MIMO channel are studied, and the number of antenna number in the base station side is proved. When the mesh tends to infinity, the eigenvector of the channel covariance matrix depends on the response vector of the base station array, and the eigenvalue depends on the channel angle power spectrum. The relationship between the channel spatial correlation and the channel angle power spectrum is theoretically revealed. The sum of the mean square error of the channel estimation can be minimized when the range of the angle is not overlapped. It is theoretically proved that the pilot multiplexing is feasible on a space related large-scale MIMO channel with limited angle expansion. In the downlink transmission, the closed expression of robust uplink multiuser detector and robust downlink multiuser precoder based on the sum of mean square error of signal detection is derived, and the duality between the two is proved. On this basis, the pilot scheduler under the minimum sum of mean square error of channel estimation and signal detection is studied. The method. It is proved that the performance of the two class mean square error is optimal when the channel space of the different users with multiplex pilots does not overlap each other in the channel space. Based on the optimal condition, a low complexity pilot scheduling algorithm based on the statistical characteristics of the angle domain channel is proposed. The numerical simulation results show that the proposed angle domain pilot multiplexing phase is proposed. Compared with the traditional orthogonal pilot, the net spectrum efficiency of the system can be significantly improved. Secondly, a large-scale MIMO-OFDM channel state information acquisition method based on OFDM (orthogonal frequency division mul-tiplexing) modulation based on wide-band and large-scale MIMO transmission is proposed. Based on the physical channel model, the relationship between the spatial frequency correlation matrix of a large MIMO-OFDM channel and the time delay power spectrum of the channel angle is derived. It is proved theoretically that when the number of the base station side antennas tends to infinity, the eigenvectors of the spatial frequency correlation array of different user channels are similar, and the eigenvalues depend on their respective channels. The angle delay power spectrum reveals the approximate sparse characteristic of the large scale MIMO-OFDM channel in the angle delay domain. Based on this channel model, the frequency domain phase-shift tunable pilot is proposed. The theoretical method of channel state information acquisition based on the frequency domain phase-shift adjustable pilot is studied. It is proved theoretically in the frequency domain phase shift pilot modulation. The sum of the corresponding channel estimation and the mean square error of the channel prediction can be minimized when the angle delay domain of each user after the degree is not overlapped. The optimal condition is obtained according to the state information of the channel. Then a frequency domain phase shift pilot scheduling algorithm with low complexity is proposed. The results are in a single and multiple continuous OFDM characters. The numerical simulation results in a typical mobile scene show that the proposed phase-shift pilot can significantly improve the spectral efficiency of the system compared with the traditional phase shift orthogonal pilot. Finally, a beamsharing multi address transmission based on time frequency synchronization is proposed for the millimeter wave / terahertz large-scale MIMO system. From the large-scale MIMO beam domain physical channel model, it is proved that when the number of antennas at the base station side and the user side is all large, the beam channel elements tend to have statistical uncorrelation and the element variance depends on the channel angle power spectrum. In addition, the envelope of the channel elements of the wave beam domain is not dependent on the time. And frequency fluctuation. Based on the characteristics of this wave domain channel, a beamforming time frequency synchronization method is proposed. Theoretically, compared with the traditional antenna domain synchronization, the proposed beamforming can simultaneously reduce the equivalent delay expansion and Doppler frequency expansion of the wide-band large scale MIMO channel, and the reduction factor is approximately equal to the user end allocation. The number of antennas is further applied to the large scale MIMO beam division multiple access (mmdma) transmission. The beam scheduling problem is studied under the limited number of radio frequency links in the base station side and the user side, and a low complex beamforming algorithm based on the statistical characteristics of the beam domain channel is proposed. The numerical simulation results show that the proposed beambeam synchronization method can significantly reduce the multipath effect and the Doppler effect in the beam domain channel, and improve the performance of the pilot multiplexing channel estimation and the wireless transmission performance, and then improve the millimeter wave / terahertz channel. The support of the mobility of the lower end user terminal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TN919.3

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2 王得旺;雙基地MIMO雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與仿真研究[D];蘭州大學(xué);2015年

3 王珍;雙基地MIMO雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[D];電子科技大學(xué);2015年

4 盧穎輝;多用戶大規(guī)模MIMO上行系統(tǒng)信道估計(jì)方法研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2015年

5 李彥波;MIMO雷達(dá)中虛擬孔徑空時(shí)處理技術(shù)研究[D];電子科技大學(xué);2015年

6 陳龍;多用戶MIMO上下行用戶調(diào)度與傳輸技術(shù)研究[D];電子科技大學(xué);2014年

7 趙騰飛;多用戶MIMO用戶調(diào)度方法及性能分析[D];電子科技大學(xué);2014年

8 李鷺;基于MIMO的雙絞線高速傳輸仿真平臺(tái)研發(fā)[D];電子科技大學(xué);2014年

9 劉周;雙基地MIMO雷達(dá)實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)校正與目標(biāo)檢測(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[D];電子科技大學(xué);2014年

10 楊燕;MIMO雷達(dá)正交波形設(shè)計(jì)與仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[D];中國科學(xué)院大學(xué)(工程管理與信息技術(shù)學(xué)院);2015年

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