發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-24 08:06

【摘要】：隨著無線通信技術(shù)和脈沖技術(shù)的發(fā)展,空間電磁環(huán)境變得日益復(fù)雜。處于復(fù)雜電磁環(huán)境中的電子設(shè)備,容易受到外界電磁波的電磁干擾。為了保證電子設(shè)備的正常工作以及更好地指導(dǎo)電子設(shè)備的電磁防護(hù)設(shè)計(jì),需要一套計(jì)算模型和數(shù)值方法來分析電子設(shè)備的電磁干擾問題。目前,采用數(shù)值方法分析電子設(shè)備的電磁干擾問題仍具有很大的挑戰(zhàn)性。為此,本文較系統(tǒng)地研究了多種高效的時(shí)域混合算法,用于電子設(shè)備場線耦合問題以及場路混合問題的模擬和分析。本文的主要工作和創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)總結(jié)如下：一、發(fā)展了無限大地面上長電纜電磁耦合的快速計(jì)算方法。首先,建立了地面上多導(dǎo)體發(fā)射線對(duì)多導(dǎo)體受擾線的串?dāng)_模型,分析了多導(dǎo)體受擾線端接負(fù)載的串?dāng)_響應(yīng)特性。然后,提出了一種地面上長電纜激勵(lì)場的快速計(jì)算方法,避免了對(duì)無限大地面的直接建模,然后結(jié)合傳輸線方程和FDTD方法,研究了一種高效的時(shí)域混合算法,能夠快速模擬電磁波耦合到地面上幾百米長電纜的瞬態(tài)響應(yīng),且占用內(nèi)存很少,并分析了電磁脈沖對(duì)地面上長電纜的電磁耦合規(guī)律,同時(shí)解決了多個(gè)寬頻帶輻射源同時(shí)照射長電纜電磁耦合計(jì)算難的問題。在此基礎(chǔ)上,建立了地面上屏蔽電纜的電磁耦合模型,研究了屏蔽電纜的場線耦合算法,分析了屏蔽電纜接地狀態(tài)對(duì)皮電流和芯線響應(yīng)的影響。二、研究了設(shè)備屏蔽腔內(nèi)傳輸線電磁耦合的高效時(shí)域混合算法。首先研究了一種電磁仿真軟件與傳輸線方程相結(jié)合的時(shí)域混合算法,高效模擬了電磁波對(duì)電大尺寸設(shè)備屏蔽腔內(nèi)傳輸線的電磁耦合問題。然后提出了一種FDTD混合算法與傳輸線方程相結(jié)合的時(shí)域混合算法(FDTD-TL算法),實(shí)現(xiàn)了設(shè)備屏蔽腔結(jié)構(gòu)的快速建模,以及空間電磁場與傳輸線瞬態(tài)響應(yīng)的同步計(jì)算。在此基礎(chǔ)上,將地面上長電纜耦合的時(shí)域混合算法和設(shè)備屏蔽腔內(nèi)傳輸線耦合的時(shí)域混合算法模塊化并封裝,形成了場線耦合效應(yīng)仿真軟件。三、實(shí)現(xiàn)了FDTD-TL算法的大規(guī)模并行計(jì)算�；�于北京應(yīng)用物理與計(jì)算數(shù)學(xué)研究所研制的并行自適應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu)網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用支撐軟件框架(JASMIN),研究了大規(guī)模并行FDTD算法。通過1kW微波源機(jī)箱和單層多尺度建筑物電磁耦合的數(shù)值模擬,驗(yàn)證了算法的正確性。然后,將FDTD-TL算法與大規(guī)模并行FDTD算法結(jié)合起來并移植到JASMIN框架下,實(shí)現(xiàn)FDTD-TL算法的大規(guī)模并行計(jì)算,通過相應(yīng)的算例驗(yàn)證了FDTD-TL并行算法的正確性和高效性,并分析了大功率微波源磁控管電磁泄漏對(duì)內(nèi)部傳輸線的電磁耦合特性。四、研究了集總加載線天線的電磁脈沖耦合效應(yīng)及防護(hù)。提出了網(wǎng)格內(nèi)置集總元件的FDTD處理新方法,并與細(xì)導(dǎo)線FDTD方法結(jié)合起來,形成高效的時(shí)域混合算法,模擬了電磁脈沖對(duì)集總加載線天線的耦合,分析了入射電磁脈沖的類型以及脈沖寬度對(duì)天線上電流響應(yīng)的影響,為天線進(jìn)行前門防護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)提供理論依據(jù)。然后針對(duì)工作于50MHz-110MHz的超短波天線,設(shè)計(jì)了一款前門防護(hù)模塊。通過電路仿真軟件對(duì)濾波電路和前門防護(hù)模塊電路進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),并加工成實(shí)物進(jìn)行測(cè)試,使其滿足指標(biāo)要求。五、發(fā)展了電子設(shè)備電磁干擾分析的高效場路混合時(shí)域算法。結(jié)合FDTD-TL算法和電路分析方法,研究了一種新型的場路混合時(shí)域算法,用于電子設(shè)備貫通導(dǎo)線的電磁干擾分析�；�于戴維南等效定理,研究了貫通導(dǎo)線電磁耦合的等效電路模型,利用狀態(tài)變量法對(duì)貫通導(dǎo)線端接的集總電路進(jìn)行電磁干擾分析。通過相應(yīng)的數(shù)值算例驗(yàn)證了該算法的正確性和高效性,并將該算法應(yīng)用于電子設(shè)備貫通導(dǎo)線的濾波防護(hù)設(shè)計(jì),取得很好的設(shè)計(jì)效果。提出了一種新型的時(shí)域S參數(shù)級(jí)聯(lián)技術(shù),結(jié)合FDTD-TL算法,研究了一種新型的場路混合時(shí)域算法,用于電子設(shè)備內(nèi)部傳輸線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的電磁干擾分析。根據(jù)時(shí)域S參數(shù)級(jí)聯(lián)技術(shù),將傳輸線網(wǎng)絡(luò)分解成傳輸線與電路兩部分,將電路對(duì)傳輸線的作用通過S參數(shù)進(jìn)行等效,對(duì)于各段傳輸線采用FDTD-TL算法進(jìn)行場線耦合模擬,從而獲得傳輸線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的瞬態(tài)響應(yīng),通過相應(yīng)的數(shù)值算例驗(yàn)證了該算法的正確性和高效性。
[Abstract]:With the development of wireless communication technology and pulse technology, the space electromagnetic environment becomes increasingly complex. The electronic devices in the complex electromagnetic environment are vulnerable to electromagnetic interference from the external electromagnetic waves. In order to ensure the normal work of the electronic equipment and better guide the electrical and magnetic protection design of the electronic equipment, a set of calculation model and numerical value are needed. Method to analyze the electromagnetic interference of electronic equipment. At present, it is still very challenging to use numerical methods to analyze the electromagnetic interference problem of electronic equipment. Therefore, a variety of efficient time-domain hybrid algorithms are systematically studied in this paper, which are used for simulation and analysis of field line coupling problems and field road mixing problems in electronic equipment. The main work and innovation points are summarized as follows: first, the fast calculation method for the electromagnetic coupling of long cables on the infinite ground is developed. First, the crosstalk model of the multi conductor transmission line on the ground is established, and the crosstalk response characteristic of the load on the end of the multi conductor interference line is analyzed. Then a long cable excitation on the ground is proposed. The fast calculation method of the excited field avoids the direct modeling of the infinite ground. Then, combining the transmission line equation and the FDTD method, a highly efficient time-domain hybrid algorithm is studied. It can quickly simulate the transient response of the electromagnetic wave coupled to the ground hundreds of meters long cable and occupies little memory, and analyses the long power of the electromagnetic pulse to the ground. The electromagnetic coupling law of the cable solves the problem of the electromagnetic coupling calculation of the long cable with multiple broadband radiation sources at the same time. On this basis, the electromagnetic coupling model of the shielded cable on the ground is set up, the field line coupling algorithm of the shielded cable is studied, and the influence of the grounding state of the shielded cable on the skin current and the response of the core line is analyzed. Two, the efficient time domain hybrid algorithm for electromagnetic coupling of transmission line in the shielding cavity is studied. First, a time-domain hybrid algorithm combined with electromagnetic simulation software and transmission line equation is studied. The electromagnetic coupling problem of electromagnetic wave to the transmission line in the shielding cavity of large size equipment is efficiently simulated. Then a hybrid FDTD algorithm and transmission are proposed. The time domain hybrid algorithm (FDTD-TL algorithm) combined with the transmission line equation realizes the rapid modeling of the structure of the shielding cavity of the equipment and the synchronous calculation of the transient response of the space electromagnetic field and the transmission line. On this basis, the time domain hybrid algorithm of the long cable coupled in the ground and the time domain hybrid algorithm of the transmission line coupling in the shielding cavity of the equipment is modularized and The field line coupling effect simulation software is formed. Three, the large-scale parallel computing of the FDTD-TL algorithm is realized. Based on the parallel adaptive structure network application support software framework (JASMIN) developed by the Beijing Applied Physics and Computing Mathematics Research Institute, the large-scale parallel FDTD algorithm is studied. The 1kW microwave source chassis and the single layer multi-scale architecture are used. The validity of the algorithm is verified by the numerical simulation of the electromagnetic coupling. Then, the FDTD-TL algorithm is combined with the large-scale parallel FDTD algorithm and transplanted into the JASMIN framework to realize the large-scale parallel computation of the FDTD-TL algorithm. The correctness and efficiency of the FDTD-TL parallel algorithm are verified by the corresponding calculation examples, and the high-power microwave source is analyzed. The electromagnetic coupling characteristics of the magnetron leakage to the internal transmission line. Four, the electromagnetic pulse coupling effect and protection of the lumped load line antenna are studied. A new method of FDTD processing in the grid is put forward, which is combined with the thin wire FDTD method to form an efficient time domain hybrid algorithm, and the electromagnetic pulse is simulated on the lumped load line. The coupling of the antenna, the type of the incident electromagnetic pulse and the influence of the pulse width on the current response on the antenna, provide the theoretical basis for the front door protection design of the antenna. Then, a front door protection module is designed for the ultra short wave antenna working in the 50MHz-110MHz. The filter circuit and front door protection module are used by the circuit simulation software. The block circuit is designed and processed into material to be tested to meet the requirement of the target. Five, an efficient field road hybrid time domain algorithm is developed for electromagnetic interference analysis of electronic equipment. A new field path hybrid time domain algorithm is studied with FDTD-TL algorithm and circuit analysis method, which is used for the electromagnetic interference analysis of the connecting wire of electronic equipment. Based on the de Venan equivalent theorem, the equivalent circuit model of the electromagnetic coupling of the through wire is studied. The analysis of the electromagnetic interference is carried out by the state variable method. The correctness and efficiency of the algorithm are verified by the corresponding numerical examples, and the method is applied to the filtering protection of the connecting wire of the electronic equipment. A new kind of time-domain S parameter cascade technology is proposed. A new kind of field path hybrid time domain algorithm is studied with FDTD-TL algorithm, which is used to analyze the electromagnetic interference of the internal transmission line network of electronic devices. The transmission line network is decomposed into two parts of the transmission line and the circuit according to the S parameter cascade technology in the time domain. The effect of the circuit on the transmission line is equivalent by the S parameter, and the field line coupling is simulated by FDTD-TL algorithm for the transmission lines of each segment, thus the transient response of the transmission line network is obtained. The correctness and efficiency of the algorithm is verified by the corresponding numerical examples.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TN811;TN820

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