發(fā)布時間：2018-05-15 22:00

  本文選題：當(dāng)事人和解 + 案件范圍��； 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文由引言和四章正文組成。2012年《刑事訴訟法》當(dāng)事人和解的公訴案件訴訟程序為當(dāng)事人初步規(guī)定了和解權(quán)利,該權(quán)利的充分實現(xiàn),需要厘清這一和解特別程序的案件范圍。以“當(dāng)事人和解的公訴案件范圍”為主題,本文沿著“立法、比較法、法律實施(司法、守法)、完善”的路徑推進。創(chuàng)新點上：從司法的民間權(quán)利淵源、需要層次理論、“社會—國家”二元結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)型趨勢的角度挖掘“民間糾紛”豐富內(nèi)涵及其體現(xiàn)的和解特別程序的包容性理念；先全面評議當(dāng)事人和解的公訴案件范圍的法律、司法解釋、公安規(guī)定體系,后介紹代表性國家及地區(qū)的刑事和解案件范圍并解讀其由窄至寬的規(guī)律、權(quán)利主導(dǎo)的理念對中國和解特別程序建設(shè)的啟示,再結(jié)合調(diào)研糾正特別程序的和解、傳統(tǒng)和解系“競合關(guān)系”的誤認(rèn),從立法、比較法、法律實施(司法、守法)三方面尋找該特別程序的和解案件范圍及其擴大的方向；以和解案件判決書中的問題為例,指出為推動和解特別程序的規(guī)范、透明適用,須將案件的準(zhǔn)入規(guī)則標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化,確認(rèn)當(dāng)事人對該程序的啟動權(quán),保障加害人的“法定從寬”權(quán)利,而這些措施可吸收潛在的和解案件。 引言引出刑事訴訟法以權(quán)利為導(dǎo)向的發(fā)展趨勢,介紹理論界和實務(wù)界關(guān)于和解特別程序適用案件范圍的代表觀點,拉開以權(quán)利為線索界定當(dāng)事人和解的公訴案件范圍、以案件范圍闡釋該特別程序中當(dāng)事人和解權(quán)利的序幕,交代“立法、比較法、法律實施(司法、守法)、完善”的推進路徑,以三個“試圖”概括創(chuàng)新點與方法。 第一章在立法上,全面評議刑事訴訟法、司法解釋、公安部規(guī)定這三套特別程序的和解的合法化外衣,指出《刑事訴訟法》特別程序在呈現(xiàn)出包容性之時也有粗略之憾,其中司法解釋符合《刑事訴訟法》精神,《公安部規(guī)定》與《刑事訴訟法》兼容性較差�！懊耖g糾紛”、量刑幅度類別、例外條款的解釋和《公安部規(guī)定》排除式規(guī)定的商榷等問題的解決關(guān)系到和解特別程序的合法適用�！懊耖g糾紛”內(nèi)涵十分豐富,宜在實施中不斷挖掘,各方不應(yīng)急于制定負(fù)面清單。 第二章在比較法上,介紹代表性國家及地區(qū)的刑事和解,概括出案件范圍由窄至寬的規(guī)律：從適用輕罪開始,逐漸容納重罪；由未成年人案件為主,向成年人案件開放；在縱向的不同訴訟階段上可和解的案件范圍也不同。意大利的一個經(jīng)驗是加強當(dāng)事人權(quán)利而使各特別程序在適用范圍極廣的同時有效提升訴訟效率,這提醒我們,在和解特別程序中賦予當(dāng)事人啟動權(quán)是擴大特別程序的和解案件范圍、提高刑事和解效率的一個思路。和解特別程序的本土合理性來源廣泛,應(yīng)注意科學(xué)化、社會化建構(gòu)。和解特別程序與刑事被害人國家救助制度在理論基礎(chǔ)、適用范圍上差異很大,二者可互補。 第三章作實證分析。在法律實施中法官對適用和解特別程序的“不敢”態(tài)度有著刑事法律規(guī)范功能定位與刑庭職業(yè)習(xí)慣,新聞獵奇本能及其對刑庭的輿論壓力,行政考評指標(biāo)中的職業(yè)風(fēng)險等現(xiàn)實原因,對調(diào)研案例的考察可預(yù)見大量的、尚未被司法人員認(rèn)證的案件都是特別程序的和解案件的潛在范圍。法官誤認(rèn)特別程序的和解、傳統(tǒng)和解系“競合關(guān)系”及其判決書體現(xiàn),特別程序的和解案件認(rèn)證規(guī)則的混亂,連同第一章對該特別程序的和解案件范圍的法律規(guī)范評議,共同解釋了法官對適用該程序的“不知”態(tài)度。特別程序的和解案件范圍除受法律規(guī)范直接的、基礎(chǔ)性的影響外,也受到司法、守法相關(guān)因素間接而重要的影響,以權(quán)力為主導(dǎo)則該程序難以標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化運行,以權(quán)利為主導(dǎo)則該程序的適用規(guī)則清晰。欲建立更加成熟開放的當(dāng)事人和解的公訴案件的規(guī)則框架,須確認(rèn)當(dāng)事人對和解特別程序的啟動權(quán)并保障加害人適用該程序時的“法定從寬”權(quán)利。專門機關(guān)應(yīng)統(tǒng)一以和解協(xié)議書作為證據(jù)要件,對和解“自愿性、合法性”只享有形式審查權(quán),除非存在明顯的相反證據(jù)。 第四章在特別程序的和解案件范圍的完善上落腳：對包含涉嫌罪名,可能的刑罰幅度,“犯罪嫌疑人、被告人在五年以內(nèi)曾經(jīng)故意犯罪”例外條款,未成年人案件與成年人案件、輕罪與嚴(yán)重犯罪的區(qū)分等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的影響案件范圍的法律規(guī)范體系進行優(yōu)化,直接擴大案件范圍；對和解特別程序的啟動方式、法律后果、和解協(xié)議的及時履行、專門機關(guān)的和解工作量這幾個法律實施中動態(tài)、間接地影響案件范圍的因素的對策分別為：依當(dāng)事人權(quán)利而和解、保障加害人的“法定從寬”權(quán)利、激勵加害人與救濟被害人、職權(quán)勿過度介入和解。
[Abstract]:This article is composed of the introduction and four chapters of the main body of the four chapter of the criminal procedure law of "the Criminal Procedure Law >" the litigant lawsuit procedure for the parties to conciliate the litigant. The right to conciliate is preliminarily stipulated by the parties. The full realization of the right needs to clarify the scope of the case of this special procedure of reconciliation. The theme "the scope of the public prosecution case of the parties to the parties" is the theme, this article follows the "legislation, Comparative law, legal implementation (judicature, law-abiding), improvement of the path. Innovation: from the origin of the civil rights of the judiciary, the need for the theory of hierarchy, the transformation trend of the "social state" two yuan structure, to excavate the rich connotation of the "civil dispute" and the inclusive concept of its embodiment and the solution of the special procedure; The legal, judicial interpretation, public security system and the scope of the criminal reconciliation cases in the representative countries and regions, and then interpret the scope of the criminal reconciliation cases in the representative countries and regions, and interpret its Enlightenment from the narrow to wide law, the concept of right leading to the construction of the special procedure for China's reconciliation, and the reconciliation of the special procedure of investigation and correction, the traditional reconciliation department. The misidentification of the Department, from three aspects of legislation, comparative law, law enforcement (judicature and law-abiding), seeks the scope of the settlement of the special procedure and the direction of its expansion. Taking the problems in the case of the case of reconciliation cases as an example, it points out that it is transparent and applicable to promote the standard of the special procedure of reconciliation, and must standardize the admittance rules of the case, and confirm the parties to this process. The right to initiate the order guarantees the legal leniency of the offender, and these measures can absorb potential conciliation cases.
The introduction leads to the development trend of the right oriented criminal procedure law. It introduces the views of the theoretical and practical circles on the application of the case scope of the special procedure of the reconciliation, and defines the scope of the public prosecution case with the right as the clue, and explains the prelude to the rights of the parties in the special procedure by the scope of the case, and explains the "legislation". The promotion path of comparative law, law enforcement (justice, law-abiding) and perfection is summarized by three "attempts" to summarize innovations and methods.
In the first chapter, the legislation, the comprehensive review of the criminal procedure law, the judicial interpretation, the Ministry of Public Security stipulates the legalization of the three special procedures, and points out that the special procedure of the criminal procedure law also has a rough regret when it is inclusive, of which the judicial interpretation conforms to the spirit of the criminal procedure law, the provisions of the Ministry of public security and the criminal procedure law. The resolution of "civil disputes", the category of sentencing, the explanation of the exception clause and the discussion of the provisions of the Ministry of public security and the provisions of the exclusionary rule of the Ministry of public security are related to the legal application of the special procedures of reconciliation. The connotation of "civil disputes" is very rich, and should be constantly excavated in the implementation, and the parties should not be anxious to formulate a negative list.
The second chapter, in the comparative law, introduces the criminal reconciliation in the representative countries and regions, and summarizes the law of the case range from narrow to wide: from the beginning of the application of the misdemeanor, it is gradually accommodated by the serious crimes; the minor cases are mainly open to the adult cases; the range of cases which can be reconciled in the different stages of the longitudinal litigation is also different. One of Italy The experience is to strengthen the rights of the parties and to effectively improve the efficiency of the proceedings when the application of the special procedures is very wide, which reminds us that the right to initiate the parties in the special procedure of reconciliation is a thought way to expand the scope of the settlement of the special procedures and to improve the efficiency of the criminal reconciliation. In general, we should pay attention to scientific and socialized construction. The special procedure of reconciliation and the system of state assistance for criminal victims have a great difference in the theoretical basis and the scope of application. The two can complement each other.
The third chapter makes an empirical analysis. In the implementation of the law, the judge's "dared" attitude to the application of the special procedure of reconciliation has the functional orientation of criminal law and the professional habit of the criminal court, the instinct of the news hunting, the pressure on the public opinion of the court and the occupational risk in the administrative evaluation index, which can be foreseen in a large number of investigation cases, Cases that have not been authenticated by the judiciary are the potential scope of a special procedure of reconciliation. The judge misunderstands the reconciliation of the special procedures, the "coopetition relationship" and its verdict of the traditional reconciliation department, the confusion of the special procedures for the reconciliation of the cases of reconciliation cases, and the legal review of the scope of the conciliation cases in the first chapter of the special procedure, It is a common interpretation of the "unknowing" attitude of the judge to the application of the procedure. The scope of the settlement of the special procedure, except for the direct and basic influence of the legal norms, is also influenced by the indirect and important factors related to the judicial and law-abiding factors. The procedure is difficult to standardize the procedure with the power as the dominant factor, and the application of the procedure is dominated by rights. In order to establish a more mature and open legal framework for public prosecution cases, it is necessary to confirm the party's right to start the special procedure of reconciliation and to protect the "statutory leniency" of the application of the procedure. The specialized agency should unify the settlement agreement as the evidence element and enjoy the "voluntary, legality" of reconciliation only. There is a right to formal review unless there is a clear opposite evidence.
The fourth chapter falls on the perfection of the scope of the case of the special procedure: the legal norms affecting the scope of the case, including the extent of the alleged offences, the possible penalty range, the exception clause of the criminal suspect, the accused in five years, the minor cases and the adult cases, the distinction between the misdemeanor and the serious crime The system is optimized to directly expand the scope of the case; the ways to start the special procedures of the conciliation, the legal consequences, the timely implementation of the settlement agreement and the reconciliation of the special organs are dynamic, and the countermeasures that indirectly affect the scope of the case are: to reconcile the rights of the parties and to guarantee the "legal" of the injuring person. "Lenient" rights, encourage the offender and relief victims, do not intervene too much in reconciliation.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D925.2

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王志祥;何恒攀;;論刑事和解的案件范圍[J];北京航空航天大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2011年04期

2 潘效國;;意大利的青少年犯罪與青少年司法狀況[J];青少年犯罪問題;2008年05期

3 馬可·法布里;葉寧;;意大利刑事訴訟程序與公訴改革之回顧[J];比較法研究;2010年05期

4 于改之;崔龍哠;;“恢復(fù)性司法理論國際研討會”綜述[J];華東政法大學(xué)學(xué)報;2007年04期

5 戴承歡;蔡永彤;;刑事和解適用范圍的匡定[J];吉首大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2011年03期

6 萬毅;;刑事和解制度若干基本理論問題反思——以刑事訴訟“習(xí)慣法”為視角[J];昆明理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2011年01期

7 丹尼爾·W·凡奈思,王莉;全球視野下的恢復(fù)性司法[J];南京大學(xué)學(xué)報(哲學(xué).人文科學(xué).社會科學(xué)版);2005年04期

8 左衛(wèi)民;;實踐法學(xué):中國刑事訴訟法學(xué)研究的新方向[J];法學(xué)研究;2012年05期

9 劉鳳琪;;審查起訴階段刑事和解制度實施之困境與對策——以新刑訴法修改為背景[J];安徽警官職業(yè)學(xué)院學(xué)報;2013年05期

10 邊慧亮;;刑事訴訟中被害人的范疇[J];湖北警官學(xué)院學(xué)報;2012年12期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 阿儒汗;刑事訴訟文化論[D];中國政法大學(xué);2008年

2 陳超;意大利刑事特別程序研究[D];西南政法大學(xué);2010年

，

本文編號：1894104