發(fā)布時間：2018-12-13 01:24

【摘要】：隨著社會的不斷進步和發(fā)展,能源的緊缺正日益成為人們關注的焦點,如何節(jié)約能源成為了當下亟需解決的社會問題。飛機、汽車、船舶等的運行均需要消耗極大的能源,所以通過合理的設計來降低各類交通運輸工具的表面摩擦阻力就成為了一種有效的節(jié)能手段。將仿生學運用到減阻領域是近來國內(nèi)外研究的熱點。模仿鯊魚鰓部射流行為,提出了一種新型的仿生減阻形式,即仿生射流減阻。在此基礎上,建立仿生射流模型,重點研究了仿生射流孔形狀及尺寸對減阻效果的影響。本文從工程實際出發(fā),在對鯊魚原型進行充分研究的基礎之上,將鯊魚鰓部的生物原型進行合理的簡化之后抽取出來,建立了仿生射流模型。以單孔平板射流為研究對象,利用GAMBIT軟件對模型進行合理細致的網(wǎng)格劃分,利用FLUENT對模型進行數(shù)值模擬。在合理選擇了湍流模型、初始條件、邊界條件等的基礎上,得到了較精確的數(shù)值結(jié)果。進而分析比較了不同長寬值的矩形射流孔、形狀改進優(yōu)化后的射流孔以及不同曲率的圓弧形射流孔對減阻效果的影響,得到了形狀尺寸因素對減阻效果的影響規(guī)律和最佳減阻效果的射流孔尺寸形狀,并分析了其減阻機理。在不同的流場條件下,分析比較不同形狀尺寸射流孔的減阻情況,分析不同主流場、射流速度下各種射流孔的減阻機理。建立了射流系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能特性評價標準,從系統(tǒng)總能耗的角度分析了典型仿生模型的節(jié)能特性。最后,以部分有代表性的射流孔為依據(jù),加工出試驗樣件,利用小型減阻測試試驗裝置進行實驗驗證,并分析比較數(shù)值模擬數(shù)據(jù)與實驗數(shù)據(jù)誤差。
[Abstract]:With the continuous progress and development of society, energy shortage is becoming the focus of attention. How to save energy has become a social problem that needs to be solved. The operation of aircraft, automobile, ship and so on all need to consume a great deal of energy, so it becomes an effective energy saving means to reduce the surface friction resistance of all kinds of transportation tools by reasonable design. The application of bionics to the field of drag reduction has been a hot topic at home and abroad recently. A new bionic drag reduction form, bionic jet drag reduction, is proposed, which mimics the behavior of shark Gill jet. On this basis, the bionic jet model was established, and the influence of the shape and size of the bionic jet hole on the drag reduction effect was studied. Based on the research of shark archetype, the bionic jet model of shark Gill is established by reasonably simplifying the biological prototype of shark Gill. Taking the single hole flat jet as the research object, the model was meshed reasonably and meticulously by using GAMBIT software, and the model was simulated numerically by FLUENT. On the basis of reasonable selection of turbulence model, initial conditions and boundary conditions, more accurate numerical results are obtained. Furthermore, the effects of rectangular jet holes with different length and width, optimized jet holes with improved shape and circular curved jet holes with different curvature on drag reduction are analyzed and compared. The influence of shape and size factors on drag reduction effect and the size shape of jet hole with the best drag reduction effect are obtained, and the drag reduction mechanism is analyzed. Under different flow field conditions, the drag reduction mechanism of various jet holes with different shape and size is analyzed and compared, and the drag reduction mechanism of various jet holes in different mainstream field and jet velocity is analyzed. The evaluation standard of energy saving characteristics of jet system is established, and the energy saving characteristics of typical bionic model are analyzed from the point of view of total energy consumption of the system. Finally, based on some representative jet holes, the experimental samples are manufactured, and the experimental results are verified by a small drag reduction test device, and the error between the numerical simulation data and the experimental data is analyzed and compared.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB17;TB126

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本文編號：2375605