發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-17 19:23

【摘要】：集群式供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)多數(shù)分布于在廣東、浙江等中小企業(yè)密集區(qū)域中,由數(shù)條平行的單鏈供應(yīng)鏈復(fù)合而成。所謂集群式供應(yīng)鏈,是對(duì)供應(yīng)鏈與產(chǎn)業(yè)集群進(jìn)行耦合,通俗地說(shuō),我們把產(chǎn)業(yè)集群中供應(yīng)鏈的聚合稱為集群式供應(yīng)鏈。圍繞著一個(gè)或幾個(gè)產(chǎn)業(yè),凝聚著供應(yīng)商、制造商、分銷商和零售商,以及一些研發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)甚至是最終客戶。一般情況下,企業(yè)只處于一條供應(yīng)鏈中,與所在供應(yīng)鏈內(nèi)的上下游企業(yè)合作。而在集群式供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,企業(yè)將跨供應(yīng)鏈與其他供應(yīng)鏈上的同質(zhì)或非同質(zhì)企業(yè)進(jìn)行合作。這樣的模式能夠緩解大批量訂貨或緊急訂貨帶來(lái)的缺貨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與利潤(rùn)損失。 集群式供應(yīng)鏈中的企業(yè)通過(guò)“信任和承諾”的關(guān)系進(jìn)行彼此合作,互相之間存在著契約關(guān)系,這種契約關(guān)系可以是正式的,也可以是非正式的。所形成的供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)具有典型的本地特色。 基于對(duì)廣東、浙江塊狀經(jīng)濟(jì)中的集群式供應(yīng)鏈跨供應(yīng)鏈合作進(jìn)行論述研究,本文以資源依賴?yán)碚?Resource dependency theory, RDT),交易成本經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)(Transactions cost economics, TCE),資源基礎(chǔ)理論(Resource-Based View, RBV)為理論依據(jù),運(yùn)用運(yùn)籌學(xué)和博弈論的方法,建立了一個(gè)集群式網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,單級(jí)同質(zhì)企業(yè)隨機(jī)需求下,有訂貨提前期、帶緊急補(bǔ)貨方式的供應(yīng)鏈跨鏈間的雙向緊急補(bǔ)訂貨的庫(kù)存管理模型,采用連續(xù)檢查(p, R1,Q1,R2,Qe)策略和周期檢查(P,t,S,Se)策略對(duì)庫(kù)存系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行分析。求得兩種策略下單位時(shí)間庫(kù)存總成本,單位時(shí)間持有成本,單位時(shí)間缺貨成本,以及最小成本時(shí)對(duì)應(yīng)的最佳策略參數(shù)。每種策略都有啟發(fā)式算法以及精確求解兩種算法。同時(shí)對(duì)兩種策略中緊急訂貨和緊急補(bǔ)貨決策進(jìn)行分析,給出了尋找緊急訂貨警戒點(diǎn)的方法以及是否提供補(bǔ)貨的決策方法。 本研究將突破以往研究中僅采用系統(tǒng)仿真方法求解訂貨策略,或者只采用一種主觀認(rèn)為是最佳的庫(kù)存策略來(lái)求解最小成本。以最契合企業(yè)實(shí)際應(yīng)用的目標(biāo)為研究方向,通過(guò)常用庫(kù)存策略的對(duì)比,為網(wǎng)絡(luò)中同質(zhì)企業(yè)進(jìn)行雙向緊急補(bǔ)貨找到最合理的訂貨策略,從而減少庫(kù)存成本,降低缺貨風(fēng)險(xiǎn),使得整體利潤(rùn)最大化。最后將運(yùn)用仿真方式和對(duì)于真實(shí)集群產(chǎn)業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)的模擬,驗(yàn)證模型算法正確性。
[Abstract]:Most of the cluster supply chain networks are distributed in small and medium-sized enterprises in Guangdong and Zhejiang, and are composed of several parallel single-chain supply chains. The so-called cluster supply chain is the coupling between the supply chain and the industrial cluster. In general, we call the aggregation of the supply chain in the industrial cluster as the cluster supply chain. Around one or more industries, there are suppliers, manufacturers, distributors and retailers, as well as some R & D institutions and even final customers. In general, enterprises are only in one supply chain and cooperate with upstream and downstream enterprises in their supply chain. In cluster supply chain networks, enterprises cooperate with homogeneous or non-homogeneous enterprises in other supply chains. This model can alleviate the risk of shortage and loss of profits caused by mass or emergency orders. The enterprises in the cluster supply chain cooperate with each other through the relationship of "trust and commitment", and there is a contractual relationship between each other, which can be formal or informal. The formed supply chain network has typical local characteristics. Based on the research on the cross-supply chain cooperation of the cluster supply chain in Guangdong and Zhejiang, this paper takes the resource dependence theory, (Resource dependency theory, RDT), transaction cost economics, (Transactions cost economics, TCE), resource base theory (Resource-Based View, RBV) as the theoretical basis. By using the methods of operational research and game theory, this paper sets up an inventory management model of two-way emergency reordering in supply chain with order lead time and emergency replenishment under the random demand of single-level homogeneous enterprises in a cluster network. The inventory system is analyzed by continuous inspection (p, R1Q1 / R2Qe) strategy and periodic inspection (PERTS-SISE) strategy. The total cost of inventory per unit time, the cost of holding per unit time, the cost of stock-out per unit time, and the optimal policy parameters corresponding to the minimum cost are obtained. Each strategy has two algorithms: heuristic algorithm and exact solution algorithm. At the same time, the decision of emergency order and emergency replenishment is analyzed, and the method of finding emergency order warning point and whether to supply replenishment are given. This study will break through the previous research only using the system simulation method to solve the ordering strategy, or only use a subjective thought of the best inventory strategy to solve the minimum cost. In order to find the most reasonable ordering strategy for the homogeneous enterprises in the network through the comparison of the common inventory strategies, the most suitable ordering strategy is found to be the most suitable for the practical application of the enterprises, thus reducing the inventory cost and the risk of stocking out of stock, so as to find the most reasonable ordering strategy for the homogeneous enterprises in the network. Maximize overall profits. Finally, the simulation method and the simulation of real cluster industry data are used to verify the correctness of the model algorithm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F274

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