發(fā)布時間：2018-08-28 19:01

【摘要】：全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的背景下，計算機(jī)代工行業(yè)的準(zhǔn)入門檻降低，大量新的代工企業(yè)進(jìn)入使產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的差異化無法體現(xiàn)，同質(zhì)化的價格競爭使成本低的企業(yè)才能獲得訂單和生存的機(jī)會。計算機(jī)代工為典型的來料加工模式，原材料的成本占總成本的70%以上。代工企業(yè)降低總成本必須要降低原材料的購買成本，因為電氣部件（如CPU，硬盤，內(nèi)存，IC）等都是由國際大廠控制，代工企業(yè)能夠控制價格的主要是結(jié)構(gòu)件，，所以代工企業(yè)都降低結(jié)構(gòu)件的采購價格來降低總成本。采購價格的降低帶來質(zhì)量水準(zhǔn)的降低，大量的結(jié)構(gòu)件材料不良導(dǎo)致代工企業(yè)失敗成本上升，提升結(jié)構(gòu)件供應(yīng)的質(zhì)量水準(zhǔn)而又能保持價格水準(zhǔn)成為代工企業(yè)亟待解決的問題。 本文以六西格瑪質(zhì)量管理方法的定義，分析，測量，改進(jìn)，控制（DMAIC）的五步驟法研究結(jié)構(gòu)件質(zhì)量的提升。首先以生產(chǎn)線和客戶投訴的結(jié)構(gòu)件質(zhì)量問題分析作為項目的切入點，通過流程圖，流程分析，將顧客聲音分析轉(zhuǎn)化為內(nèi)部流程關(guān)鍵點等方法界定項目的范圍，確定結(jié)構(gòu)件的尺寸精確水準(zhǔn)為主要問題點。隨即定義項目主題、目標(biāo)及組建團(tuán)隊。然后對項目定義的主題—“結(jié)構(gòu)件的質(zhì)量提升”使用測量系統(tǒng)分析（MSA），過程能力指數(shù)（CPK）等工具評估當(dāng)前結(jié)構(gòu)件質(zhì)量水準(zhǔn)和存在的具體問題點。進(jìn)一步使用因果圖，柏拉圖，單因素分析等分析數(shù)據(jù)。以實驗設(shè)計（DOE）的正交表實驗方案得到影響因子的方差，殘差，F(xiàn)比分析。使用Minitab工具分析等高線，響應(yīng)優(yōu)化，得到金屬沖壓件的關(guān)鍵因子為閉模高度，其最優(yōu)設(shè)定值為288.0667mm。注塑成型關(guān)鍵因子為保壓力，其最優(yōu)設(shè)定值為239kg/cm2。參數(shù)優(yōu)化后重新評估過程能力水準(zhǔn)達(dá)到六西格瑪以上。最終使用回歸分析建立因子影響回歸模型。項目實施以后結(jié)構(gòu)件在企業(yè)生產(chǎn)線的質(zhì)量異常降低了64.8%.項目降低質(zhì)量失敗成本約140萬元。企業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)件供應(yīng)商的質(zhì)量水準(zhǔn)從平均3.6西格瑪提升到5.2西格瑪，提升了公司供應(yīng)鏈及整體競爭力。
[Abstract]:In the context of global economic integration, the entry threshold of the computer contract industry has been lowered, and a large number of new contract enterprises have entered to make the differentiation of products and services impossible. The homogeneous price competition enables the low-cost enterprise to obtain the order and the survival opportunity. The cost of raw materials accounts for more than 70% of the total cost. In order to reduce the total cost of manufacturing, the cost of purchasing raw materials must be reduced because electrical components (such as CPU, hard drives, memory ICs) are controlled by large international manufacturers, and the main components that contract manufacturers can control prices are structural parts. Therefore, contract enterprises reduce the purchase price of structural parts to reduce the total cost. The decrease of purchasing price leads to the decrease of quality level, and the bad materials of a large number of structural parts lead to the rise of the cost of failure in the contract manufacturing enterprises. It is urgent to solve the problem of improving the quality level of the supply of structural parts while maintaining the price level. In this paper, a five-step method of analyzing, measuring, improving and controlling (DMAIC) is used to study the quality improvement of structural parts by the definition of six Sigma quality management method. First of all, take the quality analysis of production line and customer complaints as the entry point of the project, through the flow chart, process analysis, the customer voice analysis into the internal process key points and other methods to define the scope of the project, Determine the dimensional accuracy of the structural parts as the main problem point. Define project topics, goals, and team building. Then, we use the measurement system to analyze the (MSA), process capability index (CPK) and other tools to evaluate the quality level of the current structural parts and the specific problem points for the theme of the project definition: "quality improvement of structural parts". Further use causality diagram, Plato, single factor analysis and other analytical data. The variance of the influence factors and the residual F ratio analysis were obtained by designing the orthogonal table experiment scheme of (DOE). By using Minitab tool to analyze the contour, the key factor of metal stamping is the closed die height, and the optimal setting value is 288.0667mm. The key factor of injection molding is pressure keeping, and its optimal setting value is 239kg / cm ~ 2. After parameter optimization, the reassessment process capability level is above six Sigma. Finally, regression analysis was used to establish the regression model of factor influence. After the implementation of the project, the quality of structural parts in the enterprise production line decreased 64.8%. The cost of reducing the quality failure of the project is about 1.4 million yuan. The quality level of enterprise structural parts suppliers increased from an average of 3.6 Sigma to 5.2 Sigma, which improved the supply chain and overall competitiveness of the company.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP311.5

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本文編號：2210313