發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-20 09:48

【摘要】：在制造企業(yè)中,為確保產(chǎn)成品順利向市場(chǎng)輸出,企業(yè)在保證車(chē)間的連續(xù)生產(chǎn)的前提下,也要確保成品倉(cāng)庫(kù)的存儲(chǔ)能力及周轉(zhuǎn)效率。其中,成品入庫(kù)物流的優(yōu)化就成為重要的問(wèn)題,即如何安排各車(chē)間下線點(diǎn)緩存區(qū)的托盤(pán)進(jìn)行入庫(kù)。而叉車(chē)作為運(yùn)輸托盤(pán)入庫(kù)最重要的資源,其任務(wù)的優(yōu)化分配顯得尤為重要。本文針對(duì)廣東X涂料制造企業(yè)的成品入庫(kù)流程進(jìn)行研究。在該企業(yè)中,叉車(chē)需要將產(chǎn)生于車(chē)間的成品及時(shí)送入成品倉(cāng)并放在正確的庫(kù)位。由于車(chē)間和倉(cāng)庫(kù)的數(shù)量較多,所有叉車(chē)將頻繁的在多個(gè)車(chē)間和倉(cāng)庫(kù)之間往返,對(duì)叉車(chē)任務(wù)的分配存在諸多難點(diǎn)。第一,在成品運(yùn)輸入庫(kù)的整個(gè)過(guò)程中缺少高效的識(shí)別方式,造成叉車(chē)操作員只能通過(guò)記憶和經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)操作入庫(kù),這樣不僅費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力,且易錯(cuò)遺漏,大大降低數(shù)據(jù)采集的準(zhǔn)確性、高效性：第二,叉車(chē)車(chē)隊(duì)管理者沒(méi)有很好的對(duì)叉車(chē)任務(wù)分配的機(jī)制,只能通過(guò)人為的經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)安排叉車(chē)的運(yùn)輸任務(wù),導(dǎo)致整體任務(wù)完成的效率低下。以上兩個(gè)難點(diǎn)造成有些生產(chǎn)車(chē)間下線點(diǎn)緩存區(qū)堆滿以至于不能連續(xù)生產(chǎn),倉(cāng)庫(kù)的庫(kù)位規(guī)劃比較混亂,進(jìn)而影響整個(gè)企業(yè)的成本和企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的自動(dòng)采集信息、對(duì)物品實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控和信息共享等特點(diǎn)為實(shí)現(xiàn)制造企業(yè)內(nèi)部叉車(chē)任務(wù)的優(yōu)化分配帶來(lái)了契機(jī)。本文選用物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)解決叉車(chē)運(yùn)輸過(guò)程中信息采集難的問(wèn)題,并以采集的實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行叉車(chē)任務(wù)的優(yōu)化分配問(wèn)題的研究。首先,針對(duì)制造企業(yè)中各車(chē)間生產(chǎn)下線、倉(cāng)庫(kù)庫(kù)位規(guī)劃和叉車(chē)運(yùn)輸作業(yè)的運(yùn)作模式特點(diǎn),分析叉車(chē)運(yùn)輸作業(yè)的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題,采用物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)對(duì)叉車(chē)運(yùn)輸作業(yè)資源進(jìn)行透明化改造,并搭建了基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的叉車(chē)運(yùn)輸作業(yè)環(huán)境和AUTOM實(shí)時(shí)基礎(chǔ)信息架構(gòu)。其次,對(duì)于制造企業(yè)成品入庫(kù)物流運(yùn)作中的叉車(chē)任務(wù)優(yōu)化分配問(wèn)題,提出了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境下的動(dòng)態(tài)任務(wù)分配機(jī)制,建立了任務(wù)排序的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并設(shè)計(jì)了遺傳算法進(jìn)行求解。最后,設(shè)計(jì)和開(kāi)發(fā)了基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的成品物流管理系統(tǒng)中的叉車(chē)任務(wù)優(yōu)化分配模塊。該模塊采用B/S架構(gòu),并將叉車(chē)任務(wù)優(yōu)化分配的機(jī)制應(yīng)用于該模塊的核心功能——自動(dòng)任務(wù)分配中,實(shí)現(xiàn)了生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中叉車(chē)任務(wù)的動(dòng)態(tài)優(yōu)化分配。該系統(tǒng)已在廣東X涂料制造企業(yè)運(yùn)行,且對(duì)該企業(yè)的車(chē)間和倉(cāng)庫(kù)在效率上帶來(lái)了明顯的提高,各車(chē)間的連續(xù)生產(chǎn)率提高到了95%以上,倉(cāng)庫(kù)庫(kù)位得到了快速釋放周轉(zhuǎn),平均每單庫(kù)存占用時(shí)間減少20%以上。
[Abstract]:In manufacturing enterprises, in order to ensure the smooth export of finished products to the market, enterprises should ensure the storage capacity and turnover efficiency of the finished goods warehouse on the premise of ensuring the continuous production of the workshop. Among them, the optimization of inventory logistics becomes an important problem, that is, how to arrange the trays in the buffer area of each workshop. Forklift truck as the most important resource of transport tray storage, its task allocation is particularly important. In this paper, the storage process of finished products in Guangdong X paint manufacturing enterprises is studied. In this enterprise, the forklift truck needs to put the finished products produced in the workshop into the finished goods warehouse in time and in the correct storage position. Due to the large number of workshops and warehouses, all forklifts will commute frequently between workshops and warehouses, so there are many difficulties in the assignment of forklift tasks. First, there is a lack of efficient identification in the whole process of transportation and storage of finished products, which results in forklift truck operators operating the warehouse only through memory and experience, which not only takes time and effort, but also is prone to errors and omissions, thus greatly reducing the accuracy of data collection. High efficiency: second, forklift fleet managers do not have a good mechanism for the task allocation of forklifts, only through artificial experience to arrange forklift transport tasks, resulting in the overall task of the completion of the efficiency is low. The above two difficulties cause the buffer area of the next line point in some production workshops to be piled up so that it can not be produced continuously and the warehouse location planning is rather confused which will affect the cost and competitiveness of the whole enterprise. The characteristics of the Internet of things (IoT) technology, such as automatic collection of information, real-time monitoring of goods and information sharing, bring an opportunity to optimize the distribution of forklift tasks in manufacturing enterprises. In this paper, the problem of information collection in forklift transportation is solved by using the technology of Internet of things, and the optimal allocation of forklift task is studied on the basis of the real-time data collected. First of all, according to the characteristics of production off-line, warehouse location planning and operation mode of forklift transportation in manufacturing enterprises, the key problems of forklift transportation operation are analyzed, and the transparent transformation of forklift transportation resources is carried out by using Internet of things technology. And build a forklift truck transportation environment and AUTOM real-time basic information architecture based on the Internet of things. Secondly, for the task optimization of forklift truck in the logistics operation of finished product storage, the dynamic task allocation mechanism under the environment of the Internet of things is put forward, the mathematical model of task ranking is established, and genetic algorithm is designed to solve the problem. Finally, the task optimization module of forklift in the finished product logistics management system based on Internet of things is designed and developed. This module adopts B / S architecture, and applies the mechanism of optimal task allocation of forklift truck to the automatic task assignment, which is the core function of the module, and realizes the dynamic optimal assignment of forklift task in the production process. The system has been running in Guangdong X paint manufacturing enterprise, and has brought about obvious improvement to the efficiency of the workshop and warehouse of this enterprise. The continuous productivity of each workshop has been increased to more than 95%, and the warehouse position has been rapidly released from turnover. Average inventory occupancy per unit reduced by more than 20%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TB497;TP391.44;TN929.5

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