發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-04 08:08

  本文選題：地震災(zāi)區(qū)　切入點(diǎn)：青少年　出處：《衛(wèi)生研究》2017年01期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：目的探討汶川地震災(zāi)區(qū)青少年心理健康的變化狀況及其影響因素。方法選取汶川地震重災(zāi)區(qū)(綿竹市)和輕災(zāi)區(qū)(成都市郊)的各1所中學(xué)的初一學(xué)生為研究對(duì)象,用縱向設(shè)計(jì)方案從2010年10月開始每隔6個(gè)月對(duì)其進(jìn)行5次追蹤問(wèn)卷調(diào)查,問(wèn)卷內(nèi)容主要包括青少年的人口特征信息、青少年心理健康、自尊、社會(huì)支持及同伴關(guān)系等。研究納入5次均參與調(diào)查的研究對(duì)象,共970人。其中重災(zāi)區(qū)415人(男生48.2%,女生51.8%),輕災(zāi)區(qū)555人(男生49.2%,女生50.8%)。第一次調(diào)查時(shí)研究對(duì)象平均年齡(11.6±0.5)歲。采用重復(fù)測(cè)量方差分析及潛變量增長(zhǎng)曲線模型進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。結(jié)果總體上青少年心理健康水平在初中階段有下降趨勢(shì)(F=9.1,P0.05),且輕災(zāi)區(qū)的心理健康狀況始終好于重災(zāi)區(qū)(F=135.9,P0.05),重災(zāi)區(qū)青少年的自尊、同伴關(guān)系略低于輕災(zāi)區(qū)(F依次為17.7和3.8,P0.05),而社會(huì)支持高于輕災(zāi)區(qū)(F=7.8,P0.05)。心理健康平均水平和變化受到自尊、同伴關(guān)系平均水平和變化的直接的積極的影響,同伴關(guān)系越好,自尊水平越高,青少年心理越健康(β=-0.119,-0.526;P均0.05)。同伴關(guān)系不僅直接影響青少年的心理健康,還通過(guò)提高社會(huì)支持水平這個(gè)中間變量(β=0.565,P0.001)來(lái)提高自尊水平(β=0.334,P0.001)進(jìn)而間接促進(jìn)心理健康。結(jié)論汶川地震災(zāi)區(qū)青少年的心理健康水平受到受災(zāi)程度、同伴關(guān)系、自尊和社會(huì)支持的影響,同伴關(guān)系越好,自尊水平越高,受災(zāi)程度越輕,社會(huì)支持水平越高,青少年心理越健康。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the changes of mental health of adolescents in Wenchuan earthquake stricken area and its influencing factors. Methods the first grade students from each middle school in Mianzhu city and light disaster area (Chengdu suburb) in Wenchuan earthquake disaster area were selected as the research objects. From October 2010, the longitudinal design scheme was used to carry out five follow-up questionnaires every six months. The questionnaire mainly included the demographic information of adolescents, the mental health of adolescents, and self-esteem. Social support and peer relationships. A total of 970 people were involved. 415 of them (48.2 male, 51.8% female) and 555 (49.2% male, 50.820% female) in the disaster area. The mean age of the subjects in the first survey was 11.6 鹵0.5 years. The variance analysis of repeated measurements and the growth curve model of latent variables were used to carry out the unification. Results on the whole, the mental health level of young people in junior high school had a downward trend, and the mental health status of the light disaster area was always better than that of F135.9 and P0.05, and the self-esteem of the young people in the worst disaster area was higher than that in the severe disaster area. Peer relationship was slightly lower than that in light disaster area (17.7 and 3.8 P0.05, respectively), while social support was higher than that in light disaster-stricken area (P0.05). The average level and changes of mental health were positively affected by self-esteem, and the average level and change of peer relationship were directly and positively affected, the better the peer relationship was. The higher the level of self-esteem, the more healthy the adolescents' psychology (尾 -0.119 ~ -0.526). Peer relationship not only directly affects the mental health of adolescents, but also affects the mental health of adolescents. By raising the intermediate variable of social support level (尾 -0.565P0.001), the self-esteem level (尾 -0.334P0.001) was raised and then the mental health was indirectly promoted. Conclusion the mental health level of adolescents in Wenchuan earthquake disaster area is affected by the degree of disaster and the peer relationship. The influence of self-esteem and social support, the better the peer relationship, the higher the self-esteem level, the lighter the disaster, the higher the social support level, the more healthy the adolescent's psychology.
【作者單位】： 四川大學(xué)華西公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(No.81472994,30972546)
【分類號(hào)】：B844.2

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