發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-02 00:35

  本文選題：環(huán)境成本　切入點(diǎn)：指標(biāo)體系　出處：《西安石油大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：火電企業(yè)是我國(guó)污染物排放大戶，通過(guò)對(duì)火電企業(yè)環(huán)保效益的研究有利于企業(yè)意識(shí)到環(huán)境污染與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展之間的問(wèn)題，，積極治理環(huán)境污染。本文以環(huán)境經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、環(huán)境成本理論、生態(tài)學(xué)、環(huán)境保護(hù)理論等為依據(jù)，對(duì)火電企業(yè)的環(huán)保政策和主要污染物種類、污染現(xiàn)狀、控污技術(shù)進(jìn)行基礎(chǔ)性調(diào)研后，對(duì)火電企業(yè)排污現(xiàn)狀及危害、環(huán)保設(shè)備的投資及運(yùn)行狀況進(jìn)行了具體分析。以外部性理論、環(huán)境成本內(nèi)部化和污染者付費(fèi)原則為指導(dǎo)原則，對(duì)環(huán)境成本計(jì)算方法進(jìn)行對(duì)比，選擇了更有效的火電企業(yè)環(huán)境成本估算模型，采用實(shí)例，詳細(xì)計(jì)算了該電廠的環(huán)境成本，并對(duì)計(jì)算結(jié)果分析總結(jié)。 本論文充分考慮到我國(guó)火電企業(yè)環(huán)保效益綜合評(píng)價(jià)的復(fù)雜性以及人類思維的模糊性，通過(guò)懫用多目標(biāo)模糊優(yōu)選法使收集到的原始數(shù)據(jù)經(jīng)加工處理后更具有可靠性。在對(duì)火電企業(yè)環(huán)保效益深入了解的基礎(chǔ)上建立了一套合理的綜合評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系，該體系分為目標(biāo)層、準(zhǔn)則層，指標(biāo)層三個(gè)層次和18個(gè)具有代表性的指標(biāo)，這18個(gè)指標(biāo)是以環(huán)境成本中相關(guān)內(nèi)容為基礎(chǔ)選取的，主要包括四個(gè)方面的能力：經(jīng)濟(jì)效益能力；環(huán)保投資及運(yùn)行能力：環(huán)境污染及資源耗費(fèi)能力；廢物循環(huán)利用能力。 選取四家代表性的火電企業(yè)作為評(píng)價(jià)對(duì)象，采用熵權(quán)法來(lái)確定各指標(biāo)的權(quán)重，計(jì)算出18個(gè)指標(biāo)的權(quán)重值，然后利用多目標(biāo)模糊優(yōu)選模型，計(jì)算出各評(píng)價(jià)對(duì)象屬于正、負(fù)理想隸屬度特征向量的隸屬度，根據(jù)正隸屬度越大越優(yōu)的原則對(duì)四家火電企業(yè)的環(huán)保效益綜合評(píng)價(jià)能力進(jìn)行排序。實(shí)證分析結(jié)果表明所建評(píng)價(jià)體系的可靠性和實(shí)用性，是評(píng)價(jià)火電企業(yè)環(huán)保效益的有效方法，可以為相關(guān)部門(mén)的評(píng)價(jià)工作提供準(zhǔn)則和依據(jù)，具有很強(qiáng)的實(shí)際意義。
[Abstract]:Thermal power enterprises are the major polluters in China. The study on the environmental benefits of thermal power enterprises is helpful for enterprises to realize the problems between environmental pollution and economic development and actively control environmental pollution.Based on environmental economics, environmental cost theory, ecology, environmental protection theory and so on, this paper makes a basic investigation on the environmental protection policies and main pollutant types, pollution status quo and pollution control technology of thermal power enterprises.The present situation and harm of emission, investment and operation of environmental protection equipment in thermal power enterprises are analyzed in detail.Based on the externality theory, the internalization of environmental cost and the polluter pays principle, this paper compares the calculation methods of environmental cost, and selects a more effective environmental cost estimation model for thermal power enterprises.The environmental cost of the power plant is calculated in detail, and the results are analyzed and summarized.In this paper, the complexity of comprehensive evaluation of environmental protection benefits of thermal power enterprises in China and the fuzziness of human thinking are fully taken into account, and the original data collected through processing and processing are made more reliable by using multi-objective fuzzy optimization method.On the basis of deep understanding of the environmental protection benefit of thermal power enterprises, a set of reasonable comprehensive evaluation index system is established. The system is divided into target layer, criterion layer, index layer three levels and 18 representative indexes.These 18 indexes are selected on the basis of the related contents of environmental cost and mainly include four aspects of ability: the ability of economic benefit, the ability of environmental protection investment and operation, the ability of environmental pollution and resource consumption, and the ability of recycling waste.Four representative thermal power enterprises are selected as the evaluation object, the weight of each index is determined by entropy weight method, and the weight values of 18 indexes are calculated, and then the multi-objective fuzzy optimal selection model is used to calculate that each evaluation object is positive.According to the principle that the bigger the positive membership degree is, the more optimal the negative ideal membership degree characteristic vector is, the ranking is made on the comprehensive evaluation ability of environmental protection benefit of four thermal power enterprises.The results of empirical analysis show that the reliability and practicability of the evaluation system is an effective method for evaluating the environmental protection benefits of thermal power enterprises. It can provide the criterion and basis for the evaluation work of relevant departments and has a strong practical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：X82;F426.61;F406.7

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