發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-10 22:13

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：中國劉易斯轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)及收入分配差距演變　出處：《遼寧大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 二元經(jīng)濟(jì) 劉易斯轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn) 收入分配差距

【摘要】：中國經(jīng)濟(jì)自改革開放以來歷經(jīng)三十多年的持續(xù)增長，使中國經(jīng)濟(jì)很快躋身世界經(jīng)濟(jì)大國行列，這也是多年來中國實(shí)行城市化和工業(yè)化的成果。然而中國經(jīng)濟(jì)在快速發(fā)展的同時(shí)也伴隨著很多問題和困難，其中我國二元經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)特征顯著，收入分配差距不斷擴(kuò)大仍然是當(dāng)前亟待解決的難題之一，特別是城鄉(xiāng)收入差距尤為顯著，，城鄉(xiāng)收入比從1990年的2.20一直上升到2009年的3.33。直到2010年后出現(xiàn)了小幅下降，但城鄉(xiāng)收入比仍保持在3.13的較高水平。因此，縮小城鄉(xiāng)差距，增加農(nóng)村居民收入是目前政府面臨的現(xiàn)實(shí)而又艱巨的任務(wù)。 最近幾年來，國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展的同時(shí)，“民工荒”現(xiàn)象相繼出現(xiàn)在東部一些一線大城市中，大量企業(yè)遇到了招工難甚至招不到工的窘境，這樣的現(xiàn)象起初出現(xiàn)在長江三角洲及珠江三角洲等發(fā)達(dá)的地區(qū)，隨后甚至蔓延到一些中西部地區(qū)。這樣的現(xiàn)象得到了國內(nèi)外各界人士的廣泛關(guān)注，這也使得很多經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家著力研究我國是不是已經(jīng)迎來了劉易斯轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。劉易斯轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)的到來也標(biāo)志著我國收入分配狀況將發(fā)生改變，這也是縮小收入差距的良好時(shí)機(jī)。 基于上述考慮，本文主要運(yùn)用劉易斯轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)理論，結(jié)合我國勞動(dòng)力市場出現(xiàn)的最新變化，分析了劉易斯轉(zhuǎn)折區(qū)間我國收入分配差距變化趨勢，指出雖然城鄉(xiāng)收入差距有明顯的縮小趨勢，但是目前我國的收入分配差距仍然較大。本文認(rèn)為劉易斯轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)并不是一個(gè)確切的時(shí)點(diǎn)而是一個(gè)時(shí)間段。文章采用了理論實(shí)證與經(jīng)驗(yàn)實(shí)證相結(jié)合的分析方法，考察了我國劉易斯轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)是否已經(jīng)發(fā)生。通過對(duì)勞動(dòng)邊際生產(chǎn)率的計(jì)量分析證明我國的劉易斯第一轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)發(fā)生在2003年左右，并預(yù)測我國的劉易斯第二轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)可能發(fā)生在2020年左右。在這一前提下，在理論分析基礎(chǔ)上闡述了劉易斯轉(zhuǎn)折區(qū)間內(nèi)我國收入分配差距現(xiàn)狀。日本、韓國以及中國臺(tái)灣地區(qū)已經(jīng)完成了二元經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換，這些國家和地區(qū)已經(jīng)成功跨越劉易斯轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，收入分配差距狀況也發(fā)生了明顯的改變，因此他們?cè)趧⒁姿罐D(zhuǎn)折區(qū)間前后所做的政策調(diào)整對(duì)我國具有巨大的借鑒意義。本文通過對(duì)這三個(gè)國家或地區(qū)的國際經(jīng)驗(yàn)比較針對(duì)性的提出了推進(jìn)劉易斯轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)及其縮小收入差距的一些政策建議，以促進(jìn)我國中低收入人群生活水平的提高，進(jìn)而推動(dòng)中國經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)穩(wěn)定較快的增長。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has been growing continuously for more than 30 years, which makes China's economy quickly become one of the world's largest economies. This is also the result of urbanization and industrialization in China for many years. However, the rapid development of China's economy is accompanied by many problems and difficulties, among which the dual economic structure of China is characterized by remarkable characteristics. The widening of income distribution gap is still one of the problems to be solved, especially in urban and rural areas. The urban-rural income ratio rose from 2.20 in 1990 to 3.33 in 2009. A slight decline occurred after 2010. Therefore, narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and increasing the income of rural residents is a realistic and arduous task facing the government at present. In recent years, with the rapid development of domestic economy, the phenomenon of "migrant workers shortage" has appeared in some big cities in the east one after another, and a large number of enterprises have encountered difficulties or even difficulties in recruiting workers. This phenomenon first appeared in the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta and other developed regions, and then even spread to some central and western regions. This phenomenon has been widely concerned by people from all walks of life at home and abroad. This has also led many economists to study whether China has ushered in Lewis turning point. The arrival of Lewis turning point also marks a change in China's income distribution. This is also a good time to narrow the income gap. Based on the above considerations, this paper mainly uses Lewis turning point theory, combined with the latest changes in China's labor market, analyzes the trend of income distribution gap in Lewis turning point. It is pointed out that although the income gap between urban and rural areas has a clear trend of narrowing. However, the income distribution gap in China is still large. This paper argues that Lewis turning point is not an exact time point but a time period. Through the econometric analysis of the marginal productivity of labor, it is proved that the first turning point of Lewis in our country occurred in 2003 or so. And predicted that the second turning point of Lewis in China may occur in 2020. On this premise, on the basis of theoretical analysis, this paper expounds the current situation of income distribution gap in Lewis transition. Japan. South Korea and Taiwan have completed the transformation of dual economic structure, these countries and regions have successfully crossed the Lewis turning point, the income distribution gap has also changed significantly. Therefore, the policy adjustment they made before and after the Lewis turning interval has great significance for reference to our country. Through the international experience of these three countries or regions, this paper puts forward to promote Lewis turning point and. Some of its policy recommendations to narrow the income gap. In order to promote the improvement of the living standards of the middle and low income group in China, and then promote the sustained, stable and fast growth of the Chinese economy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F124.7

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