發(fā)布時間：2021-02-03 17:13

　　高粱廣泛種植于干旱與半干旱地區(qū),可作為糧食、飼料、生物能源和釀酒原料。然而,氣候變化引起的水資源短缺嚴(yán)重影響著世界各地的高粱產(chǎn)量與品質(zhì)。植物內(nèi)源性氰苷（cyanogenic glucosides,CGs）是一種具有天然生物活性的次生代謝產(chǎn)物,由α-羥基苷元與糖鏈連接而成。它可保護(hù)植物免受傷害。如植物利用內(nèi)源性氰苷釋放有毒的氫氰酸（HCN）以防止草食動物傷害。動物食用含氫氰酸的牧草會抑制動物體內(nèi)金屬酶的活性,特別是細(xì)胞色素氧化酶和呼吸電子傳遞鏈中關(guān)鍵酶的活性,從而導(dǎo)致動物中毒、重病、甚至死亡。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)飼料作物在干旱脅迫下不僅生物量降低,與此同時其體內(nèi)的HCN含量大量增加,增加了草食動物中毒的風(fēng)險。因此,控制飼料作物CGs含量,對平衡植物防御響應(yīng)與食品安全具有重要意義。本論文結(jié)合田間實(shí)驗(yàn)與盆栽實(shí)驗(yàn),探討了噴施植物生長調(diào)節(jié)劑以及施加氮肥對干旱脅迫下高粱調(diào)整其體內(nèi)氫氰酸含量、保證生物產(chǎn)量的作用機(jī)理。田間試驗(yàn)中,共種植12個高粱材料（10個甜高粱品種、1個蘇丹草和1個飼草高粱）,分別在拔節(jié)、灌漿和成熟期采樣測定HCN含量。從中選出葉片氫氰酸含量差異較大的三個高粱材料（甜高粱、蘇丹草和飼草高粱）,... 

【文章來源】：西南大學(xué)重慶市 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：140 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
Abstract
摘要
List of Abbreviations
Chapter 1 Research background
    1.1 General introduction of hydrocyanic acid in plants
    1.2 Drought and its effects on agricultural production
    1.3 Plant Responses to Plant growth regulators
    1.4.Plant responses to nitrogen
    1.5 Roles and plant growth regulators on HCN under water stress
    1.6 Objectives
Chapter 2 The increased hydrocyanic acid in drought-stressed sorghum could be alleviated byplant growth regulators
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Materials and methods
        2.2.1 Growth conditions
        2.2.2 Field experiment
        2.2.3 Pot experiment
        2.2.4 Statistical analysis
    2.3 Results
        2.3.1 Variation of HCN during different growing stage
        2.3.2 Effects of growth regulators on HCN
        2.3.3 Effects of growth regulators on soluble protein
        2.3.4 Effects of growth regulators on dry weight per plant
        2.3.5 Effects of growth regulators on plant height
        2.3.6 Effects of growth regulators on stem diameter
        2.3.7 Effects of growth regulators on leaf number per plant
        2.3.8 Effects of growth regulators on net photosynthetic rate
        2.3.9 Effects of growth regulators on stomatal conductance
        2.3.10 Effects of growth regulators on internal concentrations of CO2
        2.3.11 Effects of growth regulators on transpiration rate
        2.3.12 Effects of growth regulators on total chlorophyll
        2.3.13 Effects of growth regulators on malondialdehyde
        2.3.14 Effects of growth regulators on superoxide radical
        2.3.15 Effects of growth regulators on hydrogen peroxide
        2.3.16 Effects of growth regulators on peroxidase
        2.3.17 Effects of growth regulators on superoxide dismutase
        2.3.18 Effects of growth regulators on catalase activity
        2.3.19 Effects of growth regulators on ascorbate peroxides
    2.4 Discussion
Chapter 3 Interactive effects of nitrogen and drought on hydrocyanic acid in sorghum
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Materials and methods
        3.2.1 Growth conditions
        3.2.2 Experimental Design
        3.2.3 Sampling
        3.2.4 Observations
        3.2.5 Statistical analysis
    3.3 Results
        3.3.1 Effects of nitrogen application on HCN
        3.3.2 Effects of nitrogen application on soluble protein content
        3.3.3 Effects of nitrogen application on proline content
        3.3.4 Effects of nitrogen application on plant height
        3.3.5 Effects of nitrogen application on stem diameter
        3.3.6 Effects of nitrogen application on leaf number per plant
        3.3.7 Effects of nitrogen application on leaf area per plant
        3.3.8 Effects of nitrogen application on fresh weight per plant
        3.3.9 Effects of nitrogen application on dry weight per plant
        3.3.10 Effects of nitrogen application on dry root weight per plant
        3.3.11 Effects of nitrogen application on total chlorophyll
        3.3.12 Effects of nitrogen application on photosynthetic rate
        3.3.13 Effects of nitrogen application on internal concentrations of CO2
        3.3.14 Effects of nitrogen application on stomatal conductance
        3.3.15 Effects of nitrogen application on transpiration rate
        3.3.16 Effects of nitrogen application on superoxide radical
        3.3.17 Effects of nitrogen application on hydrogen peroxide
        3.3.18 Effects of nitrogen application on malondialdehyde content
        3.3.19 Effects of nitrogen application on superoxide dismutase
        3.3.20 Effects of nitrogen application on peroxidase
        3.3.21 Effects of nitrogen application on catalase
        3.3.22 Effects of nitrogen application on ascorbate peroxides
        3.3.23 Effects of nitrogen application on nitrogen content
        3.3.24 Effects of nitrogen application on phosphorus content
        3.3.25 Effects of nitrogen application on potassium content
    3.4 Discussion
Chapter 4 Conclusions
Reference
Acknowledgement
Project and publications during Ph D study


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期刊論文
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