發(fā)布時間：2018-01-28 11:18

  本文關鍵詞： 城鎮(zhèn)化 宅基地使用權 權益保護 宅基地固化　出處：《華中師范大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：城鎮(zhèn)化是一個國家發(fā)展的必經之路。當前,我國正處于城鎮(zhèn)化的快速發(fā)展階段,城鎮(zhèn)化率已超過50%。作為最大的發(fā)展中國家,我國的城鎮(zhèn)化進程具有重要的影響,就如曾獲得諾貝爾獎的約瑟夫·斯蒂格里茲說的那樣,21世紀初中國的城鎮(zhèn)化和美國的信息化都是影響世界的兩件大事。隨著城鎮(zhèn)化的不斷推進,城市范圍正逐步擴大,大量的農村土地被征收,農民的宅基地使用權也受到嚴重影響并引發(fā)一系列問題：一方面是城市房價不斷上漲,另一方面是城郊小產權房隱形交易不斷；一方面是提出要實現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)一體化發(fā)展,另一方面則是農村村莊內部破敗不堪,違法亂建房屋隨處可見,而村莊外住宅卻大量無序存在。此外,由于農村宅基地缺乏規(guī)劃,監(jiān)管不力,也加劇了城鎮(zhèn)化進程中宅基地使用權多方面問題的多發(fā)。因此,本文試圖對我國城鎮(zhèn)化進程中的宅基地使用權進行研究,以期對農民宅基地使用權的保護有所裨益。 全文共分四個部分： 第一部分是對城鎮(zhèn)化和宅基地使用權的界定。文章首先界定了城鎮(zhèn)化的概念,并分析了我國的城鎮(zhèn)化進程；其次,文章梳理了宅基地使用權的歷史沿革,并進步概括出宅基地使用權的概念和特征；最后,文章指明城鎮(zhèn)化進程對宅基地使用權制度有何影響。 第二部分是城鎮(zhèn)化進程中的宅基地使用權的現(xiàn)狀及問題,并剖析了問題產生的原因。本部分首先對城鎮(zhèn)化進程中宅基地使用權存在的多方面的問題進行分析,包括“小產權房”交易屢禁不止、“空心村”涌現(xiàn)、一戶多宅現(xiàn)象嚴重、宅基地的監(jiān)管不力等等,這些問題嚴重影響了農民的權益,不利于城鎮(zhèn)化的推進。其次,本部分還對問題產生的原因作了多維度的剖析,包括經濟、歷史、立法、執(zhí)法、文化意識等多方面的原因。 第三部分是城鎮(zhèn)化進程中宅基地使用權的完善。文章結合我國實際,就如何在城鎮(zhèn)化建設中農民行使宅基地的權利給出合理化建議和觀點,包括明確宅基地使用權原始取得制度、改革宅基地使用權無償使用制度、設置宅基地使用權使用期限制度、建立宅基地使用權流轉制度、健全宅基地使用權消滅制度、完善宅基地使用權監(jiān)管制度。 第四部分是城鎮(zhèn)化進程中宅基地使用權制度的創(chuàng)新。文章首先分析了廣東順德的宅基地固化,包括宅基地固化的含義及現(xiàn)狀。其次,本部分還剖析了固化中存在的法律問題,包括固化政策設立的前提不夠科學和嚴謹、農民的合法居住權利難以得到保障、對原有生活方式和文化觀念產生沖擊。最后,本部分提出了固化的完善對策,包括嚴格宅基地申請和分配政策、擴大宅基地固化中的公眾參與、尊重鄉(xiāng)土傳統(tǒng)并因地制宜固化、完善宅基地固化的配套制度幾個方面。
[Abstract]:Urbanization is the only way for the development of a country. At present, China is in the rapid development stage of urbanization, the urbanization rate has exceeded 50. As the largest developing country. The process of urbanization in our country has an important impact, as Joseph Stiglitz, who won the Nobel Prize, said. In 21th century, the urbanization of China and the informatization of the United States are two major events that affect the world. With the continuous development of urbanization, the urban scope is gradually expanding and a large number of rural land is being expropriated. The right to use the homestead of farmers has also been seriously affected and caused a series of problems: on the one hand, the urban housing prices are rising, on the other hand, the small property rights in the suburbs of the invisible transactions; On the one hand, it is proposed to realize the integration of urban and rural development, on the other hand, the rural villages are dilapidated, the illegal construction of houses everywhere, but a large number of out-of-village houses exist disorderly. Because of the lack of rural homestead planning, inadequate supervision, but also exacerbated in the process of urbanization homestead use rights in many aspects of the problem. Therefore, this paper attempts to study the process of China's urbanization of homestead use rights. With a view to the protection of the right to use the homestead of farmers to benefit. The full text is divided into four parts: The first part is the definition of urbanization and the right to use homestead. Firstly, the article defines the concept of urbanization and analyzes the process of urbanization in China. Secondly, the article combs the historical evolution of homestead use right, and summarizes the concept and characteristics of homestead use right. Finally, the article points out how the urbanization process has an impact on the system of homestead use right. The second part is the status quo and problems of homestead use right in the process of urbanization, and analyzes the causes of the problem. Including the "small property right" transactions repeated prohibitions, "hollow village" emerged, a serious phenomenon of multiple homes, house land supervision and so on, these problems seriously affected the rights and interests of farmers. Secondly, this part also makes a multi-dimensional analysis on the causes of the problem, including economy, history, legislation, law enforcement, cultural awareness and many other reasons. The third part is the perfection of the right to use the homestead in the process of urbanization. The article combines with the reality of our country, and gives some reasonable suggestions and viewpoints on how to exercise the right of homestead in the construction of urbanization. It includes defining the original acquisition system of the right to use the homestead, reforming the system of free use of the right to use the homestead, setting up the system of the duration of the use of the right to use the homestead, and establishing the system of circulation of the. Perfect the system of eliminating the right to use the homestead and perfect the supervision system of the right to use the homestead. The 4th part is the innovation of the homestead right system in the process of urbanization. Firstly, the article analyzes the solidification of the homestead in Shunde, Guangdong province, including the meaning and current situation of the homestead solidification. This part also analyzes the legal problems existing in the solidification, including the setting up of the solidification policy is not scientific and rigorous, farmers' legal right of living is difficult to be guaranteed. Impact on the original lifestyle and cultural concepts. Finally, this part proposed the solidification of the perfect countermeasures, including strict homestead application and distribution policy, expand the public participation in the homestead solidification. Respect local tradition and cure measures according to local conditions, perfect the supporting system of homestead solidification in several aspects.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.33

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