發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-24 16:38

【摘要】：土地資源對(duì)我國(guó)發(fā)展具有不可替代的作用。它是促進(jìn)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、維持農(nóng)村穩(wěn)定的根本性條件。建國(guó)以來(lái)，我國(guó)進(jìn)行了一系列土地制度改革，集體土地使用權(quán)制度也得以確立并且不斷發(fā)展。但隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和資源保護(hù)要求的提高，現(xiàn)行流轉(zhuǎn)制度缺陷慢慢顯現(xiàn)：補(bǔ)償水平偏低、保障不健全的土地征收制度，引發(fā)了嚴(yán)重的社會(huì)矛盾；法律對(duì)土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)的流轉(zhuǎn)主體、流轉(zhuǎn)方式限制過(guò)多，不適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)發(fā)展要求；集體建設(shè)用地使用權(quán)（包括宅基地使用權(quán)）紛紛進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)，私自流轉(zhuǎn)帶來(lái)了大量的土地爭(zhēng)議與爭(zhēng)端；相關(guān)配套制度及機(jī)制不健全更加導(dǎo)致集體土地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)不暢。這些土地問(wèn)題，只有通過(guò)進(jìn)一步的集體土地使用權(quán)制度改革才能得以解決。 從2004年起，，黨中央已連續(xù)十年發(fā)布一號(hào)文件，把“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題做為國(guó)家工作的核心。在2014年《關(guān)于全面深化農(nóng)村改革加快推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化的若干意見(jiàn)》中，國(guó)家提出要深化農(nóng)村土地制度改革，重點(diǎn)包括：完善農(nóng)村土地承包政策，抓緊抓實(shí)農(nóng)村土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)確權(quán)登記頒證工作；引導(dǎo)和規(guī)范農(nóng)村集體經(jīng)營(yíng)性建設(shè)用地入市；完善農(nóng)村宅基地管理制度；加快推進(jìn)征地制度改革。由此可見(jiàn)，集體土地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)制度改革勢(shì)在必行。 本文針對(duì)以上土地問(wèn)題，從土地的資源性質(zhì)著眼，通過(guò)比較總結(jié)我國(guó)相關(guān)法律政策和各地試點(diǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)以及國(guó)外相關(guān)土地征收制度的有益借鑒，重點(diǎn)對(duì)改革集體土地征收制度、土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)入股、抵押制度、集體建設(shè)用地使用權(quán)入市等制度進(jìn)行探索，并為完善相關(guān)配套制度及機(jī)制做出構(gòu)想。
[Abstract]:Land resources play an irreplaceable role in the development of our country. It is a fundamental condition for promoting social and economic development and maintaining rural stability. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, a series of land system reforms have been carried out, and the system of collective land use right has been established and developed continuously. However, with the development of economy and the improvement of resource protection, the defects of the current circulation system appear slowly: the compensation level is on the low side and the land expropriation system is not perfect, which leads to serious social contradictions; The law restricts the circulation of the land contractual management right too much and does not meet the requirements of market development. The right to use collective construction land (including the right to use homestead) enters the market one after another. Private circulation has brought a large number of land disputes and disputes; related supporting systems and mechanisms are not perfect resulting in the circulation of collective land use rights is not smooth. These land problems can only be solved through further reform of collective land use right system. Since 2004, the CPC Central Committee has issued document No. 1 for ten consecutive years, regarding the issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers as the core of national work. In 2014, "several opinions on comprehensively deepening Rural Reform and speeding up Agricultural Modernization", the state proposed to deepen the reform of rural land system, the key points of which include: perfecting the policy of rural land contracting, We should pay close attention to the registration and certification of the right to contract management of rural land; guide and standardize the entry of rural collective management land into the market; improve the management system of rural homestead; and speed up the reform of land requisition system. Thus, collective land use right circulation system reform is imperative. In view of the above land problems, this paper focuses on the reform of collective land expropriation system by comparing and summarizing the relevant laws and policies of our country, the experiences of pilot projects in various places and the beneficial reference of foreign land expropriation systems. This paper probes into the system of land contract management right, mortgage system, collective construction land use right and so on, and makes the conception for perfecting the relevant supporting system and mechanism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石家莊經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.3;D923.2

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