發(fā)布時間：2018-08-08 12:08

【摘要】：我國中央一號文件已經(jīng)連續(xù)五年涉及到了家庭農(nóng)場,這種農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體已然登上了我國的農(nóng)業(yè)大舞臺,但由于目前國家尚沒有制定專門的法律政策對家庭農(nóng)場進行規(guī)范,導(dǎo)致了在推行過程中一系列問題的出現(xiàn)。探究這一現(xiàn)象的根本原因,正是由于家庭農(nóng)場缺失了相關(guān)的法律制度,特別是其法律地位目前并未得到明確界定。相比較之下,國外家庭農(nóng)場發(fā)展較早,在法律制度方面有經(jīng)驗(美國、俄羅斯、日本)。因此,筆者在綜合考慮現(xiàn)階段我國家庭農(nóng)場的發(fā)展情況和發(fā)展過程中所遭遇的法律困境的前提下,探究了我國家庭農(nóng)場的法律地位,同時借鑒吸收了其他國家關(guān)于家庭農(nóng)場的法律制度,希望能促進家庭農(nóng)場的立法進程。首先,筆者閱讀了國內(nèi)外關(guān)于家庭農(nóng)場法律地位研究的文獻資料,明確了適合研究家庭農(nóng)場法律地位的有關(guān)理論,例如公共規(guī)制理論、企業(yè)形式法定主義等,并總結(jié)了目前學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)于家庭農(nóng)場的研究現(xiàn)狀;其次,結(jié)合一系列政策文件梳理了家庭農(nóng)場在我國的發(fā)展歷程和發(fā)展情況,同時以上海松江家庭農(nóng)場為例介紹了地方家庭農(nóng)場的發(fā)展狀況,對目前中央和地方家庭農(nóng)場的相關(guān)政策和立法情況進行了關(guān)注;再次,通過對地方政府頒布的家庭農(nóng)場政策的比較分析,利用調(diào)查獲得的數(shù)據(jù),總結(jié)出我國現(xiàn)階段家庭農(nóng)場面臨的一系列法律問題,如內(nèi)涵界定不明確、法律地位迥異、注冊登記“無法可依”等并說明了原因;隨后分析了美國、俄羅斯、日本三個國家關(guān)于家庭農(nóng)場的立法經(jīng)驗和我國采取的借鑒;最后針對上述研究分析的一系列法律問題分別提出了對策與建議。通過調(diào)查研究發(fā)現(xiàn),我國家庭農(nóng)場目前面臨的最大問題就是沒有法律可以依據(jù),并由此引發(fā)了內(nèi)涵界定不明確,法律地位不確定以及各地注冊登記莫衷一是的問題。首先,從家庭農(nóng)場的內(nèi)涵入手,在理論和實踐的基礎(chǔ)上,筆者提出將其界定為“由擁有農(nóng)村戶籍的農(nóng)業(yè)家庭經(jīng)工商管理部門注冊登記后依法設(shè)立的,家庭成員為其主要勞動力,農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)為主要的經(jīng)營范圍,將家庭農(nóng)業(yè)收入作為主要收入來源且具備一定規(guī)模的新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體”。其次,目前家庭農(nóng)場登記類型主要包括個體工商戶、個人獨資企業(yè)、有限責(zé)任公司、合伙企業(yè)四種形式,通過結(jié)合我國民事主體的分類情況對四種組織形式各自的優(yōu)缺點加以分析,筆者建議將家庭農(nóng)場界定在企業(yè)法人范疇,而目前四種登記類型中,有限責(zé)任公司最利于其發(fā)展;最后是家庭農(nóng)場的注冊登記問題,這一部分,筆者從家庭農(nóng)場的登記類型、標準、程序、部門和名稱等方面提出了一些建議。正所謂事物的繁榮與成長離不開法律的支撐,希望能夠通過本文進行的研究促進我國建立家庭農(nóng)場法律制度的進程,保障家庭農(nóng)場的健康發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:This led to the emergence of a series of problems in the process of implementation. The root cause of this phenomenon is the absence of relevant legal system, especially the lack of clear definition of the legal status of family farms. By contrast, family farms abroad developed earlier and had experience in legal systems (United States, Russia, Japan). Therefore, on the premise of synthetically considering the development of family farms and the legal difficulties encountered in the process of development, the author probes into the legal status of family farms in our country. At the same time, it draws on the legal system of family farm in other countries and hopes to promote the legislative process of family farm. First of all, the author has read the domestic and foreign literature about the family farm legal status research, has identified the suitable research family farm legal status related theories, for example, the public regulation theory, the enterprise form legalism and so on. And summarized the current academic research on family farms; secondly, combined with a series of policy documents to sort out the development of family farms in China and the development of the situation, At the same time, taking Songjiang family farm in Shanghai as an example, it introduces the development of local family farm, and pays attention to the relevant policies and legislation of central and local family farms. Thirdly, Through the comparative analysis of the family farm policy promulgated by the local government and the data obtained from the investigation, this paper sums up a series of legal problems facing the family farm in our country at the present stage, such as unclear definition of connotation and different legal status. Then, the author analyzes the legislative experience of the three countries about family farm and the reference of our country, such as the United States, Russia and Japan, and so on. Finally, the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward for a series of legal problems. Through investigation and research, it is found that there is no legal basis for the family farm in our country, which leads to the unclear definition of connotation, uncertain legal status and different registration in various places. First of all, starting from the connotation of family farm, on the basis of theory and practice, the author proposes to define it as "established by law by the agricultural family with rural household registration after being registered by the industrial and commercial administration department, and the family members are its main labor force." Agricultural production is the main business scope, and the family agricultural income is the main source of income and has a certain scale of new agricultural management subject. Secondly, at present, the main types of family farm registration include individual industrial and commercial households, sole proprietorship enterprises, limited liability companies, and partnership enterprises. By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the four forms of organization, the author suggests that the family farm should be defined in the category of enterprise legal person, and the limited liability company is the most favorable for its development. Finally, it is about the registration of family farm. In this part, the author puts forward some suggestions from the aspects of the registration type, standard, procedure, department and name of the family farm. The prosperity and growth of the so-called things can not be separated from the support of the law. It is hoped that the research carried out in this paper can promote the process of establishing the legal system of the family farm in our country and ensure the healthy development of the family farm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.4;F324.1

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本文編號：2171743