發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-19 05:25

  本文選題：木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品 + 質(zhì)量安全��； 參考：《中國(guó)林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：中國(guó)是木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)大國(guó)，改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)，林業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)取得快速發(fā)展，產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大，產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量穩(wěn)步提升，有效促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的健康發(fā)展。然而，當(dāng)前人民生活水平不斷提高，節(jié)約資源和環(huán)境保護(hù)意識(shí)不斷增強(qiáng)，中國(guó)木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量總體狀況與滿足人民群眾日益增長(zhǎng)的客觀需要還有較大差距。部分生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)企業(yè)履行質(zhì)量安全主體責(zé)任意識(shí)不強(qiáng)，企業(yè)管理水平不高，政府監(jiān)管力度不足，相關(guān)法律法規(guī)體系不健全，產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全問(wèn)題時(shí)有發(fā)生，已引起了全社會(huì)的廣泛關(guān)注。 開(kāi)展木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量提升工作，是維護(hù)人民群眾切實(shí)利益，創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全政府監(jiān)管方法，，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)健康發(fā)展的具體舉措，具有十分重要的意義�；�于此，開(kāi)展木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)與控制研究，對(duì)于預(yù)防和控制中國(guó)木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)具有重要的理論和實(shí)踐意義。 本研究以原木、鋸材、人造板、木家具、木地板、結(jié)構(gòu)用木材及防腐木材產(chǎn)品為主要研究對(duì)象，運(yùn)用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理等相關(guān)理論，采用定性分析、半定量分析、案例分析和對(duì)比分析等研究方法，開(kāi)展了木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的識(shí)別、評(píng)估和防控研究。主要內(nèi)容及取得的主要研究成果如下： （1）在對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行介紹的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品本身的特性，對(duì)木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的相關(guān)定義進(jìn)行了闡述，描述了木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的特性，明確木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)識(shí)別、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制的涵義、目的、意義和程序，形成了較完整的木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理框架。 （2）木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)識(shí)別的研究。在搜集與木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全相關(guān)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，針對(duì)木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全存在的主要危害，從產(chǎn)品自身質(zhì)量、企業(yè)生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)及產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量外部監(jiān)管環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行全面分析，提出了影響木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全的主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素。結(jié)合問(wèn)卷調(diào)查，提出從產(chǎn)品自身屬性、企業(yè)生產(chǎn)加工及政府外部監(jiān)管三個(gè)方面確定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)識(shí)別因子，其中產(chǎn)品自身屬性方面主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因子有物理、化學(xué)和生物性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因子；企業(yè)生產(chǎn)加工方面主要有原輔材料、生產(chǎn)加工和出廠檢驗(yàn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；政府外部監(jiān)管包括監(jiān)管主體、監(jiān)管制度和監(jiān)管依據(jù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 （3）木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)的研究。在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素識(shí)別和分析的基礎(chǔ)上，提出了基于定性和半定量相結(jié)合的木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)方法。一是根據(jù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)準(zhǔn)則，對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)發(fā)生可能性和后果嚴(yán)重程度進(jìn)行賦值，分別取1、2、3、4、5；二是采用專家問(wèn)卷調(diào)查法，按照賦值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，通過(guò)專家打分，確定各類木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)，分極高、高、中等、低和極低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的評(píng)價(jià)。 （4）木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制的研究。在對(duì)木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制理論基礎(chǔ)和方法分析的基礎(chǔ)上，提出木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制點(diǎn)的概念。結(jié)合前面風(fēng)險(xiǎn)識(shí)別及評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果，針對(duì)不同風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)所對(duì)應(yīng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制點(diǎn)等級(jí)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，根據(jù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制點(diǎn)等級(jí)，確定具體風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制措施及其實(shí)施的優(yōu)先順序。 （5）木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制的具體措施和政策建議。微觀方面：一是企業(yè)要加強(qiáng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)加工過(guò)程質(zhì)量控制，從原材料質(zhì)量、生產(chǎn)加工環(huán)節(jié)及出廠檢驗(yàn)環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行控制；建立木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全追溯和召回制度。二是政府監(jiān)管部門轉(zhuǎn)變產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全監(jiān)管模式，構(gòu)建產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)監(jiān)控體系，真正實(shí)現(xiàn)木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的高效監(jiān)管。宏觀方面：國(guó)家通過(guò)完善相關(guān)法律法規(guī)體系建設(shè)，加強(qiáng)認(rèn)證管理，加大科技投入力度，鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)、消費(fèi)者、行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)及網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體等多主體積極參與監(jiān)管，提高安全認(rèn)識(shí)和實(shí)現(xiàn)信息共享等有效措施，建立木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制，多方面確保木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全。
[Abstract]:China is a big country in the production and consumption of wood forest products . Since the reform and opening - up , the forestry industry has made rapid development , the scale of the industry is expanding , the quality of the product is steadily improving , and the quality of the Chinese wood forest products is continuously improved , the quality of the resources and the environmental protection consciousness are constantly enhanced , and the overall situation of the quality safety body of the part of the production and operation enterprises is not high , the government supervision is insufficient , the relevant laws and regulations system is not perfect , the product quality safety problem occurs , and the wide attention of the whole society has been caused .

It is very important to carry out the quality promotion work of the wood forest products , which is a concrete measure to safeguard the effective interests of the people , innovate the product quality and the government regulation method , and promote the healthy development of the society and society . Based on this , the research on the evaluation and control of the quality safety risk of the wood forest products has important theoretical and practical significance for the prevention and control of the quality safety risk of China ' s wood forest products .

Based on the research methods of qualitative analysis , semi - quantitative analysis , case analysis and comparative analysis , we have carried out the identification , evaluation and prevention and control study on the quality safety risk of wood forest products . The main research results are as follows :

( 1 ) Based on the introduction of the theory of risk and risk management , the definition of quality safety risk of wood forest products is described by combining the characteristics of wood forest product itself . The characteristics of quality safety risk of wood forest products are described , the meaning , purpose , meaning and procedure of quality safety risk identification , risk evaluation and risk control of wood forest products are defined , and a complete quality safety risk management framework for wood forest products is formed .

( 2 ) The research on the quality safety risk identification of wood forest products . Based on collecting the risk information related to the quality safety of the wood forest products , the main risk factors affecting the quality safety of the wood forest products are analyzed from the aspects of the product ' s own quality , the production process of the enterprise and the external supervision of the product quality .
There are main raw and auxiliary materials , production processing and factory inspection risks in the production and processing of enterprises ;
The external supervision of the government includes the supervision subject , the supervision system and the supervision risk .

( 3 ) The research on the quality safety risk assessment of wood forest products . Based on the identification and analysis of risk factors , a quality safety risk evaluation method based on qualitative and semi - quantitative combination is proposed . First , according to the risk evaluation criterion , the probability of occurrence and the severity of the risk are assigned , and 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 are taken respectively ;
Second , by using the expert questionnaire method , according to the evaluation standard , the quality safety risk level of various kinds of wood forest products is determined according to the evaluation standard , and the quality safety risk level of various kinds of wood forest products is determined , and the evaluation of the quality safety risk of the wood forest products is finally realized .

( 4 ) The research on the quality safety risk control of wood forest products . Based on the analysis of the theory and method of quality safety risk control of wood forest products , the concept of quality safety risk control point for wood forest products is put forward . Based on the risk identification and evaluation results , the risk control points corresponding to different risk levels are evaluated , and the specific risk control measures and their implementation priority are determined according to the level of risk control points .

( 5 ) Specific measures and policy suggestions for quality safety risk control of wood forest products . Micro aspects : First , enterprises should strengthen the quality control of the production process of products , control the quality of raw materials , production and processing links and factory inspection links ;
The article sets up the quality safety traceability and recall system of the wood forest products . The second is that the government regulators change the product quality safety supervision mode , construct the product quality safety risk monitoring system , and truly realize the high efficiency supervision of the quality safety risk of the wood forest products .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F322;F326.2


本文編號(hào)：1771779