發(fā)布時間：2018-04-19 05:25

  本文選題：木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品 + 質(zhì)量安全��； 參考：《中國林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：中國是木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)和消費大國，改革開放以來，林業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)取得快速發(fā)展，產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模不斷擴大，產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量穩(wěn)步提升，有效促進了經(jīng)濟社會的健康發(fā)展。然而，當(dāng)前人民生活水平不斷提高，節(jié)約資源和環(huán)境保護意識不斷增強，中國木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量總體狀況與滿足人民群眾日益增長的客觀需要還有較大差距。部分生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營企業(yè)履行質(zhì)量安全主體責(zé)任意識不強，企業(yè)管理水平不高，政府監(jiān)管力度不足，相關(guān)法律法規(guī)體系不健全，產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全問題時有發(fā)生，已引起了全社會的廣泛關(guān)注。 開展木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量提升工作，是維護人民群眾切實利益，創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全政府監(jiān)管方法，，促進經(jīng)濟社會健康發(fā)展的具體舉措，具有十分重要的意義。基于此，開展木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險評價與控制研究，對于預(yù)防和控制中國木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險具有重要的理論和實踐意義。 本研究以原木、鋸材、人造板、木家具、木地板、結(jié)構(gòu)用木材及防腐木材產(chǎn)品為主要研究對象，運用風(fēng)險及風(fēng)險管理等相關(guān)理論，采用定性分析、半定量分析、案例分析和對比分析等研究方法，開展了木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險的識別、評估和防控研究。主要內(nèi)容及取得的主要研究成果如下： （1）在對風(fēng)險及風(fēng)險管理相關(guān)理論進行介紹的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品本身的特性，對木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險的相關(guān)定義進行了闡述，描述了木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險的特性，明確木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險識別、風(fēng)險評價和風(fēng)險控制的涵義、目的、意義和程序，形成了較完整的木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險管理框架。 （2）木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險識別的研究。在搜集與木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全相關(guān)的風(fēng)險信息的基礎(chǔ)上，針對木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全存在的主要危害，從產(chǎn)品自身質(zhì)量、企業(yè)生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)及產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量外部監(jiān)管環(huán)節(jié)進行全面分析，提出了影響木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全的主要風(fēng)險因素。結(jié)合問卷調(diào)查，提出從產(chǎn)品自身屬性、企業(yè)生產(chǎn)加工及政府外部監(jiān)管三個方面確定風(fēng)險識別因子，其中產(chǎn)品自身屬性方面主要風(fēng)險因子有物理、化學(xué)和生物性風(fēng)險因子；企業(yè)生產(chǎn)加工方面主要有原輔材料、生產(chǎn)加工和出廠檢驗風(fēng)險；政府外部監(jiān)管包括監(jiān)管主體、監(jiān)管制度和監(jiān)管依據(jù)風(fēng)險。 （3）木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險評價的研究。在風(fēng)險因素識別和分析的基礎(chǔ)上，提出了基于定性和半定量相結(jié)合的木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險評價方法。一是根據(jù)風(fēng)險評價準(zhǔn)則，對風(fēng)險發(fā)生可能性和后果嚴(yán)重程度進行賦值，分別取1、2、3、4、5；二是采用專家問卷調(diào)查法，按照賦值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，通過專家打分，確定各類木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險等級，分極高、高、中等、低和極低風(fēng)險等級，最終實現(xiàn)木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險的評價。 （4）木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險控制的研究。在對木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險控制理論基礎(chǔ)和方法分析的基礎(chǔ)上，提出木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險控制點的概念。結(jié)合前面風(fēng)險識別及評價結(jié)果，針對不同風(fēng)險等級所對應(yīng)的風(fēng)險控制點等級進行評價，根據(jù)風(fēng)險控制點等級，確定具體風(fēng)險控制措施及其實施的優(yōu)先順序。 （5）木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險控制的具體措施和政策建議。微觀方面：一是企業(yè)要加強產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)加工過程質(zhì)量控制，從原材料質(zhì)量、生產(chǎn)加工環(huán)節(jié)及出廠檢驗環(huán)節(jié)進行控制；建立木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全追溯和召回制度。二是政府監(jiān)管部門轉(zhuǎn)變產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全監(jiān)管模式，構(gòu)建產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險監(jiān)控體系，真正實現(xiàn)木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全風(fēng)險的高效監(jiān)管。宏觀方面：國家通過完善相關(guān)法律法規(guī)體系建設(shè)，加強認(rèn)證管理，加大科技投入力度，鼓勵企業(yè)、消費者、行業(yè)協(xié)會及網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體等多主體積極參與監(jiān)管，提高安全認(rèn)識和實現(xiàn)信息共享等有效措施，建立木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全長效機制，多方面確保木質(zhì)林產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全。
[Abstract]:China is a big country in the production and consumption of wood forest products . Since the reform and opening - up , the forestry industry has made rapid development , the scale of the industry is expanding , the quality of the product is steadily improving , and the quality of the Chinese wood forest products is continuously improved , the quality of the resources and the environmental protection consciousness are constantly enhanced , and the overall situation of the quality safety body of the part of the production and operation enterprises is not high , the government supervision is insufficient , the relevant laws and regulations system is not perfect , the product quality safety problem occurs , and the wide attention of the whole society has been caused .

It is very important to carry out the quality promotion work of the wood forest products , which is a concrete measure to safeguard the effective interests of the people , innovate the product quality and the government regulation method , and promote the healthy development of the society and society . Based on this , the research on the evaluation and control of the quality safety risk of the wood forest products has important theoretical and practical significance for the prevention and control of the quality safety risk of China ' s wood forest products .

Based on the research methods of qualitative analysis , semi - quantitative analysis , case analysis and comparative analysis , we have carried out the identification , evaluation and prevention and control study on the quality safety risk of wood forest products . The main research results are as follows :

( 1 ) Based on the introduction of the theory of risk and risk management , the definition of quality safety risk of wood forest products is described by combining the characteristics of wood forest product itself . The characteristics of quality safety risk of wood forest products are described , the meaning , purpose , meaning and procedure of quality safety risk identification , risk evaluation and risk control of wood forest products are defined , and a complete quality safety risk management framework for wood forest products is formed .

( 2 ) The research on the quality safety risk identification of wood forest products . Based on collecting the risk information related to the quality safety of the wood forest products , the main risk factors affecting the quality safety of the wood forest products are analyzed from the aspects of the product ' s own quality , the production process of the enterprise and the external supervision of the product quality .
There are main raw and auxiliary materials , production processing and factory inspection risks in the production and processing of enterprises ;
The external supervision of the government includes the supervision subject , the supervision system and the supervision risk .

( 3 ) The research on the quality safety risk assessment of wood forest products . Based on the identification and analysis of risk factors , a quality safety risk evaluation method based on qualitative and semi - quantitative combination is proposed . First , according to the risk evaluation criterion , the probability of occurrence and the severity of the risk are assigned , and 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 are taken respectively ;
Second , by using the expert questionnaire method , according to the evaluation standard , the quality safety risk level of various kinds of wood forest products is determined according to the evaluation standard , and the quality safety risk level of various kinds of wood forest products is determined , and the evaluation of the quality safety risk of the wood forest products is finally realized .

( 4 ) The research on the quality safety risk control of wood forest products . Based on the analysis of the theory and method of quality safety risk control of wood forest products , the concept of quality safety risk control point for wood forest products is put forward . Based on the risk identification and evaluation results , the risk control points corresponding to different risk levels are evaluated , and the specific risk control measures and their implementation priority are determined according to the level of risk control points .

( 5 ) Specific measures and policy suggestions for quality safety risk control of wood forest products . Micro aspects : First , enterprises should strengthen the quality control of the production process of products , control the quality of raw materials , production and processing links and factory inspection links ;
The article sets up the quality safety traceability and recall system of the wood forest products . The second is that the government regulators change the product quality safety supervision mode , construct the product quality safety risk monitoring system , and truly realize the high efficiency supervision of the quality safety risk of the wood forest products .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F322;F326.2


本文編號：1771779