發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-13 01:14

  本文選題：突發(fā)事件　切入點(diǎn)：社會(huì)資本　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著全球突發(fā)事件頻發(fā),我國(guó)也進(jìn)入了突發(fā)事件的高發(fā)期,突發(fā)事件直接威脅到大量人員生命安全,關(guān)系到經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展,是一個(gè)廣為人們重視的問題。傳統(tǒng)對(duì)于突發(fā)事件的觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為,人群受到災(zāi)害影響會(huì)表現(xiàn)出一定的群體脆弱性,呈現(xiàn)出“群體性恐慌”。災(zāi)難社會(huì)學(xué)也認(rèn)為,危機(jī)災(zāi)難面前并非人人平等,某些群體由于貧困、族群、健康狀況等原因?yàn)?zāi)難應(yīng)對(duì)能力更差,更容易遇到災(zāi)害打擊。因此,改變?nèi)后w脆弱恐慌狀態(tài)和增加脆弱個(gè)體的突發(fā)事件的應(yīng)對(duì)能力非常重要。本研究從社會(huì)資本的視角入手,通過設(shè)計(jì)群體行為實(shí)驗(yàn),使得突發(fā)事件研究盡可能保持真實(shí)良好的生態(tài)效度;采用2(高低社會(huì)資本的群體)X2(高低個(gè)人資源者)的被試間設(shè)計(jì),記錄突發(fā)事件實(shí)驗(yàn)場(chǎng)景下的人群的行為模式和互動(dòng)表現(xiàn),關(guān)注其中社會(huì)資本對(duì)于群體突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對(duì)有效性的影響。通過對(duì)視頻觀察系統(tǒng)的編碼,采用扎根理論的思路和ATLAS.ti 5.0進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明高社會(huì)資本組和低社會(huì)資本組在突發(fā)事件下的群體過程中有不同的表現(xiàn)模式,有不同的應(yīng)對(duì)效果。高社會(huì)資本組在群體過程中在協(xié)作、溝通、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)均有豐富的體現(xiàn),低社會(huì)資本組在群體過程中僅有協(xié)作行為,且表現(xiàn)較少,轉(zhuǎn)化僵化。通過群體行為動(dòng)態(tài)分析系統(tǒng)結(jié)合問卷測(cè)量和應(yīng)對(duì)有效的績(jī)效指標(biāo)測(cè)量,結(jié)果表明:(1)社會(huì)資本與個(gè)人資源對(duì)突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對(duì)有效性的交互作用顯著,說明高社會(huì)資本群體能夠提供一種先覺條件,讓其中低個(gè)人資源的個(gè)體能夠利用到高個(gè)人資源的個(gè)體的資源,以提升應(yīng)對(duì)突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對(duì)的能力。(2)資源分配越達(dá)到或靠近最優(yōu)分配值,群體績(jī)效結(jié)果越高。通過中介效應(yīng)檢驗(yàn)表明社會(huì)資本通過資源分配對(duì)突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對(duì)有效性起作用。(3)社會(huì)資本對(duì)分工模式的形成和變化有影響,分工模式是應(yīng)對(duì)有效性的保證性因素之一。因此提高群體社會(huì)資本對(duì)于突發(fā)事件應(yīng)對(duì)起到極大促進(jìn)作用。
[Abstract]:With the frequent occurrence of global emergencies, China has also entered a period of high incidence of emergencies. Emergencies directly threaten the safety of a large number of people and are related to the development of economy and society. It is a problem that people pay much attention to. The traditional view of emergency is that the crowd affected by disaster will show a certain group vulnerability, showing "mass panic." the sociology of disaster also holds that, Not everyone is equal in the face of a crisis. Some groups are more vulnerable to disasters because of poverty, ethnic groups, health status, and so on. It is very important to change the fragile panic state of the group and to increase the coping ability of the vulnerable individual. This study starts with the perspective of social capital and designs the group behavior experiment. Make the emergency research keep true and good ecological validity as far as possible; use 2 (high and low social capital group) X2 (high and low personal resources person) design between subjects, record the behavior pattern and interactive performance of the crowd under the emergency experiment scene. Focus on the impact of social capital on the effectiveness of group emergency response. Through the coding of video observation system, we use the idea of rooted theory and ATLAS.ti 5.0 to analyze, The results show that the high social capital group and the low social capital group have different performance patterns and different coping effects in the process of unexpected events. The high social capital group is rich in cooperation, communication and leadership in the group process. The low social capital group has only cooperative behavior in the group process, and its performance is less, the transformation is rigid. Through the group behavior dynamic analysis system combined with the questionnaire measurement and the response effective performance index measurement, the group behavior dynamic analysis system combines the questionnaire measurement and the response effective performance index measurement. The results show that the interaction between social capital and personal resources on emergency response effectiveness is significant, indicating that the high social capital group can provide a kind of preemptive condition. Let the individuals with low and medium personal resources be able to use the resources of the individuals with high personal resources, so as to enhance the ability to respond to emergencies. 2) the more resources are allocated, the closer to or near the optimal allocation value. The higher the result of group performance is, the higher the result of social capital is. Through the test of intermediary effect, it shows that social capital has influence on the formation and change of division of labor model through resource allocation. The division of labor model is one of the guarantee factors for the effectiveness of response, so the improvement of group social capital plays a great role in emergency response.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B84

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