發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-19 11:53

【摘要】：早在二十世紀(jì)八十年代,環(huán)境保護(hù)就被定為我國(guó)的一項(xiàng)基本國(guó)策,這足以證明國(guó)家對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)問(wèn)題的重視。然而,在我國(guó)的現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)過(guò)程中,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,很多環(huán)境問(wèn)題還沒(méi)有得到徹底解決,反而在21世紀(jì)迎來(lái)了很多新的環(huán)境危機(jī)。針對(duì)如何實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護(hù)共贏的重要問(wèn)題,很多學(xué)者都做了認(rèn)真的探索和研究。不少學(xué)者研究并提出政府環(huán)境責(zé)任的缺失是導(dǎo)致環(huán)境污染和環(huán)境事故的一個(gè)重要原因,這已經(jīng)從責(zé)任追究制度方面提供了新視角。環(huán)境問(wèn)題是公共問(wèn)題,需要頂層設(shè)計(jì)才可以從根本上走出環(huán)保問(wèn)題困境。所以,鑒于我國(guó)頗為嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境形勢(shì)和特殊的政治行政體制,我們有必要對(duì)環(huán)境領(lǐng)域中黨政層面的問(wèn)責(zé)機(jī)制進(jìn)行研究。 ·本文共分為三大部分:導(dǎo)論、正文和結(jié)論。正文有三點(diǎn):第一,闡述了環(huán)境保護(hù)黨政同責(zé)的相關(guān)概念及理論依據(jù)。相關(guān)概念主要包括環(huán)境保護(hù)、環(huán)境責(zé)任、政府環(huán)境責(zé)任、黨政同責(zé)。生態(tài)馬克思主義理論、科學(xué)發(fā)展觀、公共利益理論、環(huán)境正義理論、以及公共信托理論為本研究提供了堅(jiān)實(shí)的理論基礎(chǔ)。第二,運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)研究法和經(jīng)驗(yàn)總結(jié)法,根據(jù)我國(guó)目前已有的中央文件和地方成就論述了黨政同責(zé)的可能性;從我國(guó)黨政關(guān)系的角度論述了環(huán)境保護(hù)黨政同責(zé)的必要性及其現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。第三,通過(guò)對(duì)相關(guān)規(guī)章條例的研讀、思考,并結(jié)合分析我國(guó)環(huán)境案例,運(yùn)用經(jīng)驗(yàn)分析法和比較研究法,分析我國(guó)環(huán)境保護(hù)黨政同責(zé)面臨的不足,主要有問(wèn)責(zé)機(jī)制不健全、權(quán)責(zé)關(guān)系不明晰、懲罰力度不夠大和執(zhí)法監(jiān)管不到位等問(wèn)題,本文在參考原有“安全生產(chǎn),一崗雙責(zé)”的管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了完善問(wèn)責(zé)機(jī)制、明晰權(quán)責(zé)關(guān)系、加強(qiáng)懲罰措施、加大監(jiān)管力度等相應(yīng)的推進(jìn)路徑。根據(jù)中國(guó)的國(guó)情,把黨委納入環(huán)境保護(hù)問(wèn)責(zé)體系,是一種頂層設(shè)計(jì),只有擁有實(shí)權(quán)的黨委和政府共同對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)負(fù)責(zé),才能確保經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和生態(tài)文明協(xié)同發(fā)展,實(shí)現(xiàn)共贏。希冀環(huán)境保護(hù)黨政同責(zé)的實(shí)行,能夠有效改變重經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、輕環(huán)境保護(hù)的理念。
[Abstract]:As early as the 1980s, environmental protection was designated as a basic national policy of our country, which proves that the state attaches importance to the problem of environmental protection. However, in the process of modernization in our country, with the rapid development of economy, many environmental problems have not been completely solved, but many new environmental crises have been ushered in the 21st century. In view of the important problem of how to realize the win-win problem of economic development and environmental protection, many scholars have done serious exploration and research. Many scholars have studied and pointed out that the lack of government environmental responsibility is an important cause of environmental pollution and environmental accidents, which has provided a new perspective from the aspect of accountability system. Environmental problems are public problems, and top-level design is needed to fundamentally get out of the predicament of environmental protection problems. Therefore, in view of the serious environmental situation and special political and administrative system in our country, it is necessary for us to study the accountability mechanism of the party and government in the field of environment. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. There are three points in the main body: first, it expounds the related concepts and theoretical basis of environmental protection party and government responsibility. Related concepts mainly include environmental protection, environmental responsibility, government environmental responsibility, party and government responsibility. Ecological Marxism theory, scientific concept of development, public interest theory, environmental justice theory and public trust theory provide a solid theoretical basis for this study. Secondly, by using the method of literature research and experience summary, this paper discusses the possibility of the party and government responsibility according to the existing central documents and local achievements in our country, and discusses the necessity and practical significance of the party and government responsibility of environmental protection from the angle of the relationship between the party and the government in our country. Third, through the study of the relevant regulations and regulations, and combined with the analysis of environmental cases in our country, using empirical analysis and comparative research method, this paper analyzes the shortcomings of the party and government responsibility of environmental protection in our country, such as the imperfect accountability mechanism, the unclear relationship between power and responsibility, the insufficient punishment and the inadequate supervision of law enforcement, etc., on the basis of referring to the original management experience of "safety in production, one post and two responsibilities". This paper puts forward the corresponding promotion paths, such as perfecting the accountability mechanism, clarifying the relationship between power and responsibility, strengthening the punishment measures, strengthening the supervision and so on. According to China's national conditions, it is a top-level design to bring the party committee into the accountability system of environmental protection. Only if the party committee and the government with real power are jointly responsible for environmental protection can we ensure the coordinated development of economic development and ecological civilization and achieve win-win results. It is hoped that the implementation of the same responsibility of the party and government of environmental protection can effectively change the concept of emphasizing economic development and neglecting environmental protection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：溫州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D630;X321

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