發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-05 02:06

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：用于震后救援機(jī)械的概念設(shè)計(jì)　出處：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 地震 救援機(jī)械 ADAMS軟件 動(dòng)力學(xué)

【摘要】：隨著人類改造自然能力的不斷提高,勢(shì)必會(huì)造成生態(tài)破壞,因此近些年來(lái)自然災(zāi)害成逐年上升的趨勢(shì)。世界各地大規(guī)模地震時(shí)有發(fā)生,尤其是在國(guó)內(nèi)最近的兩次大地震,造成了極其嚴(yán)重的傷亡。盡管在震后救援的過(guò)程中各種工程車輛起了致關(guān)重要的作用,但由于其專業(yè)化程度不夠,而且質(zhì)量較大且不容易拆裝,因此救援效率較低。 本文通過(guò)對(duì)新中國(guó)成立后發(fā)生的一些大地震傷亡情況的總結(jié),提出一種既能用于震后救援,又能在平時(shí)施工時(shí)用于起吊建筑物的小型起吊機(jī)械。其應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合主要是農(nóng)村平房及2-3層小樓房的建筑和救援。最主要的特點(diǎn)是借鑒一些現(xiàn)有工程機(jī)械的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),對(duì)其進(jìn)行了各機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)。 首先,對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外震后救援機(jī)械發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行綜述,結(jié)合5.12汶川大地震中應(yīng)用的先進(jìn)生命探測(cè)儀器,分析了生命探測(cè)儀器在救援過(guò)程中所起的作用,從而指出了今后一段時(shí)間救援設(shè)備的發(fā)展方向及側(cè)重點(diǎn)。為以后更加高效的救援提出了一種輕便高效的起吊設(shè)備。 其次,根據(jù)現(xiàn)有工程機(jī)械的一些結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)對(duì)救援機(jī)械進(jìn)行了方案設(shè)計(jì),擬定了救援機(jī)械的各工作參數(shù),通過(guò)查閱相關(guān)起重機(jī)手冊(cè)對(duì)救援機(jī)械的起升機(jī)構(gòu)、變幅機(jī)構(gòu)、回轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)、行走機(jī)構(gòu)以及其他一些輔助裝置進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)計(jì)算,從而對(duì)零部件進(jìn)行了初步選取,為以后進(jìn)一步設(shè)計(jì)研究打下了一定的基礎(chǔ)。 最后,以行走機(jī)構(gòu)為例,結(jié)合ADAMS軟件中的car模塊,通過(guò)car模塊可以獲得模型的動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù),定義模型中部件、鉸鏈與彈性元件及外界條件,如道路模型、鐵道輪軌模型、空氣阻力等的特性,在省略支腿的情況下對(duì)前懸掛建立了動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,對(duì)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型進(jìn)行調(diào)整與仿真計(jì)算。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of human's ability to transform nature, ecological destruction is bound to be caused, so natural disasters have been increasing year by year in recent years. Large scale earthquakes occur from time to time around the world. Especially in the recent two major earthquakes in China, caused extremely serious casualties. Although in the post-earthquake rescue process, all kinds of engineering vehicles played an important role, but its degree of specialization is not enough. And high quality and not easy to disassemble, so the rescue efficiency is low. Based on the summary of the casualties of some major earthquakes after the founding of New China, this paper puts forward a new method which can be used in post-earthquake rescue. The small lifting machinery which can be used for lifting buildings in peacetime is mainly used in the construction and rescue of rural bungalows and small buildings of 2-3 storeys. The most important feature is to draw lessons from the structure of some existing construction machinery. Characteristics. The design of each mechanism is carried out. First of all, the development status of post-earthquake rescue machinery at home and abroad is summarized. Combined with the advanced life detector used in the 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake, the role of the life detector in the rescue process is analyzed. The development direction and emphasis of rescue equipment in the future are pointed out, and a light and efficient lifting equipment is put forward for more efficient rescue in the future. Secondly, according to some structural characteristics of the existing construction machinery, the rescue machinery is designed, the working parameters of the rescue machinery are worked out, and the lifting mechanism of the rescue machinery is obtained by consulting the relevant crane manual. The corresponding calculation is carried out for the luffing mechanism, the rotary mechanism, the walking mechanism and some other auxiliary devices, and the parts are selected preliminarily, which lays a foundation for the further design and research. Finally, taking the walking mechanism as an example, combined with the car module in ADAMS software, the dynamic parameters of the model can be obtained through the car module, and the components, hinges and elastic elements in the model and the external conditions can be defined. For example, the characteristics of road model, railway wheel-rail model, air resistance and so on, the dynamic model of front suspension is established under the condition of omitting the supporting leg, and the dynamic model is adjusted and simulated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TH122;P315.9

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本文編號(hào)：1381077