發(fā)布時間：2018-07-01 19:43

  本文選題：新型農業(yè)經營主體 + 質量安全認證��； 參考：《浙江大學》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：標準體系認證已成為發(fā)達國家農產品質量安全治理的關鍵工具,農業(yè)標準化更是提升我國農產品質量安全、防治農業(yè)面源污染和落實農業(yè)供給側改革的主要抓手；但由理論界和政府共同推動的農業(yè)標準化在我國市場機制不健全的情景下尚難發(fā)揮其應有的作用。本文借助食品質量安全管理體系的雙層系統(tǒng)模型,構建了新型農業(yè)經營主體實施質量安全認證所面臨內外部環(huán)境壓力的分析框架；探尋我國新型農業(yè)經營主體實施質量安全認證行為背后的動力機制,嘗試重新定位和完善我國農產品質量安全治理的市場激勵機制。在浙江省11個地區(qū)55個縣區(qū)1261個新型農業(yè)經營主體的標準化建設調查數(shù)據(jù)的基礎之上,本研究利用解釋組織技術采納行為的技術組織環(huán)境(TOE)模型,納入經營主體對內外部環(huán)境壓力感知的度量,分析經營主體的質量安全認證實施決策、質量安全認證標準選擇決策以及疊加認證決策三類行為；利用解釋組織內部個體技術接受行為的技術接受模型(TAM),分析經營主體的生產性服務提供對于質量安全認證實施行為的影響；在此之后,利用均值分析和二元邏輯回歸檢驗不同類型認證對于經營主體績效的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：第一,新型農業(yè)經營主體的質量安全認證決策行為主要受來自經營主體內部動機和外部市場激勵的驅動,以及市場障礙的約束；并受到經營主體的個體特征以及市場分布特征的影響。在經營主體質量安全認證標準的選擇決策過程中,相對于無公害農產品認證,管理體系認證標準的選擇主要受到標準特性的阻礙；綠色食品認證則受政府規(guī)制的驅動和市場障礙的影響明顯；而有機食品認證則明顯受市場激勵的驅動。經營主體的質量安全疊加認證行為顯然受到經營主體內部動機的驅動,但受到標準特性和人力資源局限的妨礙；而越是感受到政府規(guī)制壓力的經營主體,越不可能實施質量安全疊加認證。第二,技術標準和技術規(guī)范提供、統(tǒng)一投入品采購和檢測服務等生產性服務的提供確保了新型農業(yè)經營主體質量安全標準認證的落實。相對于無公害農產品認證而言,檢測服務還顯著正向影響了綠色食品認證的實現(xiàn)；但對于管理體系認證的實現(xiàn)而言,培訓與指導服務更為重要。統(tǒng)一農產品銷售、保護價收購和培訓與指導三類服務顯著負向影響著綠色食品認證的實現(xiàn),從反向證明了這三類生產性服務對于無公害農產品認證實施的促動作用。第三.,無認證的標準化相對于綠色食品認證、有機食品認證和無公害農產品認證,更能顯著提升經營主體的效益,從而表明質量安全認證的經濟績效并不明顯；雖然質量安全認證會導致經營成本增加,但會促使經營主體的產品形象顯著提升、市場競爭力明顯增強和價格相對提高。由此論文認為,要推動經營主體的質量安全認證行為,需要從強化市場激勵、緩解市場障礙和優(yōu)化我國的農業(yè)“綠箱”政策三個角度著力。只有充分發(fā)揮市場在農產品質量安全認證上的主導地位,在政府的市場秩序維護和公共服務提供的基礎之上,才能建立起依托農產品質量安全認證體系的農產品質量安全治理的長效機制,緩解進而解決農業(yè)面源污染,落實農業(yè)供給側改革,滿足人民群眾對于食品安全的需要。
[Abstract]:Standard system certification has become a key tool for the quality and safety management of agricultural products in developed countries. Agricultural standardization is the main grasp of improving the quality and safety of agricultural products, preventing agricultural non-point source pollution and implementing agricultural supply side reform. However, the agricultural standardization, promoted by the theorists and the government, is not perfect in the market mechanism of our country. With the help of the two-layer system model of the food quality safety management system, this paper constructs an analytical framework for the internal and external environmental pressures facing the implementation of the quality safety certification of the new agricultural management body, and explores the dynamic mechanism behind the implementation of the quality safety certification behavior of the new agricultural management subject in China. On the basis of the standardized construction survey data of 1261 new agricultural management bodies in 55 counties and districts in 11 regions of Zhejiang Province, this study uses the TOE model which interprets the adoption behavior of the organization, and integrates the management subject to the internal and external departments. The measurement of environmental pressure perception is to analyze the implementation decision of the quality and safety certification of the main body, the choice of the standard of quality safety certification and the three types of superposition authentication decision, and the technical acceptance model (TAM) to explain the individual technical acceptance behavior in the organization, and analyze the production service of the management owner for the quality safety certification. After this, the effects of different types of certification on the performance of the management subject are tested by means of mean analysis and two element logic regression. First, the decision-making behavior of the quality safety certification of the new agricultural management subject is mainly driven by the internal motivation and external market incentive, as well as the market obstacles. In the selection decision process of the management subject quality safety certification standard, the selection of the management system certification standard is mainly hindered by the standard characteristics, and the green food certification is driven by the government regulation and is driven by the government regulation. The influence of market barriers is obvious, and the organic food certification is obviously driven by the market incentive. The quality and safety superposition authentication behavior of the management subject is obviously driven by the internal motivation of the management subject, but is hindered by the standard characteristics and the limitation of human resources; the more it is the management subject that feels the pressure of government regulation, the more impossible it is. Second, the provision of technical standards and technical specifications, the provision of productive services such as unifying the procurement of inputs and testing services, ensures the implementation of the certification of the standard for the quality and safety of the new agricultural operators. However, for the realization of management system certification, training and guidance services are more important. Unified agricultural products sales, protection price acquisition and training and guidance three types of services significantly negatively affect the implementation of green food certification, from the reverse, the three types of productive services for the implementation of non pollution agricultural products Certification Implementation effect. Third The non certified standardization, compared with the green food certification, the organic food certification and the non pollution agricultural product certification, can significantly improve the benefit of the management body, which indicates that the economic performance of the quality safety certification is not obvious. Although the quality safety certification will lead to the increase of the operating cost, it will promote the product image of the management subject to be significantly raised. As a result, the market competitiveness is obviously enhanced and the price is relatively improved. Therefore, it is believed that it is necessary to strengthen the market incentive, alleviate market obstacles and optimize the agricultural "green box" policy of our country in order to promote the quality safety certification behavior of the management subject. Only the market in the quality safety certification of agricultural products should be taken into full play in the three aspects. On the basis of the government's market order maintenance and the provision of public service, we can establish a long-term mechanism for the quality and safety management of agricultural products based on the quality and safety certification system of agricultural products, alleviate the pollution of agricultural non-point sources, implement the agricultural supply side reform, and meet the needs of the people and the people for food safety.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F322

【引證文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 張玫;;質量體系認證對供給側改革的推動——以廣東輕工企業(yè)為例[J];中國標準化;2017年14期

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本文編號：2088946