發(fā)布時間：2018-05-25 18:40

  本文選題：ES1 + 失水　； 參考：《中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院》2016年博士后論文

【摘要】：干旱是一個世界性的問題,已成為21世紀(jì)威脅農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、限制農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)性發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的全球焦點問題。水分散失過快通常會使植物受到干旱脅迫,引起植物的早衰。本研究中,我們分離到了一個水稻早衰突變體early senescence 1(es1), esl苗期葉片邊緣就開始發(fā)白、枯萎,表現(xiàn)出失水狀態(tài),到了三葉期就出現(xiàn)早衰現(xiàn)象。本研究對該突變體進行了等位性檢測、葉片細(xì)胞形態(tài)學(xué)切片觀察,突變性狀遺傳分析,早衰控制基因的圖位克隆及功能初步研究,主要結(jié)果如下：1)獲得穩(wěn)定遺傳的早衰突變體esl,遺傳分析表明,該突變性狀是單隱性核基因控制的質(zhì)量性狀。2)利用圖位克隆法克隆出控制水稻早衰基因ES1,早衰突變體esl發(fā)生單堿基突變,突變事件發(fā)生在剪接位點上,由于剪接錯誤導(dǎo)致讀碼框移位,提前終止,造成基因功能的改變。通過互補驗證,確定早衰突變表型由此基因突變造成。借助圖位克隆手段克隆了ESl基因,ESl基因編碼一個SCAR-like protein2,該蛋白與actin polymerization相關(guān),是SCAR/WAVE complex的一部分。3)ESl基因突變以后,esl單位葉面積上的氣孔數(shù)明顯增多,而且大多處于半張半閉狀態(tài),從而導(dǎo)致水分散失過快,加快了esl的水分循環(huán),從而引起esl根部吸水能力增強,莖稈的水分運輸能力也增強了,同時伴隨水分一起運輸?shù)慕饘匐x子在體內(nèi)富集。4)表達量檢測表明ES1在葉片和葉鞘中的表達量要高于其它組織,這與其影響水稻失水的功能是吻合的。將ES1融合GFP報告基因,發(fā)現(xiàn)該基因在細(xì)胞質(zhì)中進行表達。總之,我們研究結(jié)果表明ES1基因影響水稻的失水。
[Abstract]:Drought is a worldwide problem, which has become the global focus of the strategy of threatening agricultural production and restricting the sustainable development of agriculture in the 21st century. Excessive water loss usually causes plants to suffer drought stress, causing premature senescence. In this study, we isolated a rice early senescence mutant, early senescence 1, which began to grow white and withered at the leaf edge of esl at seedling stage, showing water loss, and premature senescence at the trefoil stage. In this study, the alleles of the mutant were detected, the morphological sections of leaf cells were observed, the genetic analysis of mutant traits, the mapping and cloning of premature senescence control gene and the function of the mutant were preliminarily studied. The main results were as follows: (1) the stable genetic mutant ESL was obtained. Genetic analysis showed that, The mutant trait is the quality trait controlled by single recessive nuclear gene. 2) the rice premature senescence gene ES1 was cloned by map cloning method. The single base mutation occurred in esl, and the mutation event occurred at the splicing site. Due to splicing error, reading frame shift, early termination, resulting in changes in gene function. By complementary verification, the phenotype of premature senescence mutation was determined to be caused by gene mutation. A SCAR-like protein 2 gene encoding ESl gene was cloned by means of map-based cloning. The protein was associated with actin polymerization. It was a part of SCAR/WAVE complex. The stomatal number per leaf area increased obviously after the SCAR/WAVE complex gene mutation, and most of them were in a semi-open and semi-closed state. As a result, the water loss is too fast, and the water cycle of esl is accelerated, which leads to the increase of the water absorption capacity of the esl root and the water transport capacity of the stem. The results showed that the expression of ES1 in leaves and sheaths was higher than that in other tissues, which was consistent with its function of affecting rice water loss. ES1 fusion GFP reporter gene was found to be expressed in the cytoplasm. In conclusion, our results suggest that the ES1 gene affects water loss in rice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：博士后
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S511

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1 饒玉春;早衰基因ES1影響水稻失水[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院;2016年

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本文編號：1934252