我國應(yīng)用技術(shù)型大學(xué)質(zhì)量保障研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-22 04:10
【摘要】：在我國經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的“新常態(tài)”下,培養(yǎng)適應(yīng)社會發(fā)展需要的應(yīng)用技術(shù)型人才成為當(dāng)前深化教育領(lǐng)域綜合改革、推進高等教育結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的主要目標(biāo)。建設(shè)應(yīng)用技術(shù)型大學(xué)已成為當(dāng)前高等教育改革領(lǐng)域里的一個熱門話題。本文在厘清建構(gòu)應(yīng)用技術(shù)型大學(xué)質(zhì)量保障的基本理論的基礎(chǔ)上,運用混合研究法,對六所“應(yīng)用技術(shù)大學(xué)(學(xué)院)聯(lián)盟”學(xué)校進行了實證研究,基于對現(xiàn)實問題的把握,分別從應(yīng)用技術(shù)型大學(xué)的教學(xué)質(zhì)量保障、科研質(zhì)量保障和社會服務(wù)質(zhì)量保障三個視角切入,建構(gòu)應(yīng)用技術(shù)型大學(xué)的質(zhì)量保障體系,并探討了以質(zhì)量為導(dǎo)向的應(yīng)用技術(shù)型大學(xué)的質(zhì)量評價體系,在此基礎(chǔ)上進一步探明了應(yīng)用技術(shù)型大學(xué)質(zhì)量保障體系的運行機制和完善策略。我國“應(yīng)用技術(shù)型大學(xué)”的概念雖然是在借鑒國外應(yīng)用技術(shù)大學(xué)建設(shè)經(jīng)驗的基礎(chǔ)上提出來的,但具有中國特色。在辦學(xué)方面,應(yīng)用技術(shù)型大學(xué)要適應(yīng)國家產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),實行產(chǎn)教融合、校企合作辦學(xué)；在辦學(xué)方向上,要以強化技術(shù)技能積累與創(chuàng)新為突破口；在辦學(xué)目標(biāo)上,要以發(fā)展現(xiàn)代職業(yè)教育為走向；在人才培養(yǎng)方面,要著力提高人才培養(yǎng)質(zhì)量。應(yīng)用技術(shù)型大學(xué)的質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是由人才質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、專業(yè)質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、教學(xué)質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、科研質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和社會服務(wù)質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等構(gòu)成的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系。質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的制定需要以國家政策、域外經(jīng)驗和學(xué)校現(xiàn)實為依據(jù),在突出應(yīng)用型特征的基礎(chǔ)上,堅持多樣性與基礎(chǔ)性的統(tǒng)一、穩(wěn)定性與發(fā)展性的結(jié)合、定性與定量的統(tǒng)一、科學(xué)性與操作性的結(jié)合。我國應(yīng)用技術(shù)型大學(xué)質(zhì)量保障的現(xiàn)實問題突出表現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面：在教學(xué)質(zhì)量保障方面,存在著教學(xué)質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)單一、教學(xué)計劃制定隨意、實踐教學(xué)實效不足和教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)控不夠等問題；在科研質(zhì)量保障上,問題集中表現(xiàn)在科研理念相對落后、科研資助力度不夠和科研管理機制不健全等方面；在社會服務(wù)質(zhì)量保障方面,存在著社會服務(wù)質(zhì)量觀念淡薄、社會服務(wù)管理機制缺位及人才培養(yǎng)與市場脫節(jié)等問題。因此,我國應(yīng)用技術(shù)型大學(xué)質(zhì)量保障體系的建設(shè)需要在關(guān)照現(xiàn)實問題的基礎(chǔ)上進行整體建構(gòu)：在教學(xué)質(zhì)量保障體系建設(shè)上,需要從加強課程與教材體系建設(shè)、構(gòu)建實踐教學(xué)新體系和加強教學(xué)基地建設(shè)入手；在科研質(zhì)量保障體系的建設(shè)上,需要從加大科研經(jīng)費的投入、構(gòu)建科研資助體系和建立完善的科研管理新制度著手；在社會服務(wù)保障體系的建設(shè)上,應(yīng)當(dāng)從完善社會服務(wù)組織機構(gòu)、加強社會服務(wù)能力建設(shè)和加強社會服務(wù)制度建設(shè)三方面入手。以質(zhì)量為導(dǎo)向的應(yīng)用技術(shù)型大學(xué)質(zhì)量保障體系的評價要堅持定性與定量評價相結(jié)合的原則、強化分類評價、堅持評價指標(biāo)的多元理念、重視評價指標(biāo)間的差異。這一評價體系具有評價方法的創(chuàng)新性、評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的科學(xué)性、運用范圍的廣泛性等基本特征。應(yīng)用技術(shù)型大學(xué)教學(xué)質(zhì)量保障體系的評價內(nèi)容包括課程建設(shè)評價、實踐教學(xué)評價、課堂教學(xué)評價等；科研質(zhì)量保障體系的評價內(nèi)容包括科研經(jīng)費投入評價、科研管理機制評價和科研成果評價；社會服務(wù)質(zhì)量保障體系的評價內(nèi)容包括咨詢與技術(shù)服務(wù)質(zhì)量評價、人才培養(yǎng)與培訓(xùn)質(zhì)量評價、文化與資源服務(wù)評價和教師社會服務(wù)能力評價。應(yīng)用技術(shù)型大學(xué)教學(xué)質(zhì)量保障體系的運行機制主要包括教學(xué)質(zhì)量管理的決策機制、行之有效的教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)督機制和以學(xué)生為本的教學(xué)質(zhì)量激勵機制；科研質(zhì)量保障體系的運行機制包括科研經(jīng)費的管理機制、科研水平的提升機制和科研制度的優(yōu)化機制；社會服務(wù)質(zhì)量保障體系的運行機制包括社會服務(wù)的導(dǎo)向與動力機制、管理與激勵機制、人才培養(yǎng)與培訓(xùn)的監(jiān)控機制和社會服務(wù)隊伍的提升機制。應(yīng)用技術(shù)型大學(xué)質(zhì)量保障體系的完善需要在加強頂層設(shè)計的基礎(chǔ)上,強化應(yīng)用技術(shù)型大學(xué)質(zhì)量保障體系的特色。一方面,需要學(xué)校統(tǒng)一組織協(xié)調(diào)整個戰(zhàn)略改革：面向未來,加強質(zhì)量保障的目標(biāo)設(shè)計；提升效率,優(yōu)化質(zhì)量保障的組織設(shè)計；全程監(jiān)控,完善質(zhì)量保障的過程設(shè)計；注重規(guī)范,改進質(zhì)量保障的制度設(shè)計；營造氛圍,提升質(zhì)量保障的文化設(shè)計。另一方面,注重強化自身質(zhì)量保障體系的特色,凸顯質(zhì)量保障的科學(xué)性與發(fā)展性,兼顧質(zhì)量保障的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化與特色化,正確認(rèn)識全面保障與突出重點的關(guān)系,恰當(dāng)處理應(yīng)用研究與人才培養(yǎng)的關(guān)系,合理協(xié)調(diào)內(nèi)部保障與外部評估的關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Under the "new normal" of the economic and social development of our country, it is the main goal to promote the comprehensive reform in the field of education and to promote the structural adjustment of higher education. The construction of the technology-based universities has become a hot topic in the current reform of higher education. On the basis of clarifying the basic theory of construction and application of the quality guarantee of the university, this paper makes an empirical study on the six "Applied Technology University (College) Alliance" schools based on the mixed research method, and based on the grasp of the real problem, the teaching quality of the applied technology type university is guaranteed. The quality assurance system of the application technology type university is constructed and the quality evaluation system of the application technology type university with quality orientation is discussed. On this basis, the operational mechanism and the perfect strategy of the quality assurance system of the application technology type university are further proved. Although the concept of Chinese "Applied Technology University" is based on the experience of foreign application technology university, it has Chinese characteristics. in that aspect of running a school, the application of the technology-type university should adapt to the national industrial structure, carry out the integration of the production and education and the cooperation of the school and the enterprise; in the direction of running the school, the breakthrough of the accumulation and innovation of the technical skills should be strengthened; In the aspect of personnel training, we should focus on improving the quality of personnel training. The quality standard of the application technology type university is a standard system, which is composed of the quality standard of the personnel, the professional quality standard, the teaching quality standard, the scientific research quality standard and the social service quality standard. The formulation of the quality standard needs to be based on the national policy, the outside experience and the school reality, on the basis of the outstanding application features, the combination of diversity and basic unity, stability and development, the combination of stability and development, the combination of qualitative and quantitative, scientific and operational nature. The practical problems of the quality guarantee of the application of the technology-type university in our country are in the following aspects: in the aspect of the guarantee of teaching quality, there are problems such as the single standard of teaching quality, the establishment of the teaching plan, the lack of practical teaching effect and the insufficient monitoring of the teaching quality; in that guarantee of the quality of the scientific research, the problem is concentrated on the aspects of relatively backward scientific research idea, insufficient scientific research and financial support, and unsound scientific research management mechanism; in the aspect of social service quality guarantee, there is a light and thin social service quality concept, The lack of the management mechanism of social services and the disjunction between the personnel training and the market. Therefore, the construction of the quality assurance system of the application of the technology type of China needs to be constructed on the basis of the attention to the reality: in the construction of the teaching quality assurance system, it is necessary to start with the construction of the strengthening course and the teaching material system, the construction of the new system of practice teaching and the construction of the teaching base; In the construction of the scientific research quality assurance system, it is necessary to proceed from the investment of the scientific research funds, the construction of the scientific research support system and the establishment of a new system of scientific research and management. In the construction of the social service guarantee system, the organization of the social service organization should be improved. To strengthen the capacity-building of social services and strengthen the construction of social service system. The quality-oriented application technology type university quality assurance system should adhere to the principle of combining the qualitative and quantitative evaluation, strengthen the classification evaluation, adhere to the multi-concept of the evaluation index, and attach importance to the difference between the evaluation indexes. The evaluation system has the basic characteristics of the innovation of the evaluation method, the scientific nature of the evaluation standard, the wide application range and the like. The evaluation contents of the teaching quality assurance system of the application technology type university include the course construction evaluation, the practice teaching evaluation, the classroom teaching evaluation and the like; the evaluation contents of the scientific research quality assurance system include the investment evaluation of the scientific research funds, the evaluation of the scientific research management mechanism and the evaluation of the scientific research results; The evaluation contents of the social service quality assurance system include the consultation and technical service quality evaluation, the training and training quality evaluation, the culture and resource service evaluation and the evaluation of the teacher's social service ability. The operating mechanism of the teaching quality assurance system of the application technology type university mainly includes the decision-making mechanism of the teaching quality management, the effective teaching quality supervision mechanism and the student-oriented teaching quality incentive mechanism, the operating mechanism of the scientific research quality assurance system includes the management mechanism of the scientific research funds, The mechanism of the improvement of the scientific research level and the optimization mechanism of the scientific research system; the operational mechanism of the social service quality assurance system includes the guiding and dynamic mechanism of the social service, the management and incentive mechanism, the monitoring mechanism of the personnel training and training and the lifting mechanism of the social service team. The improvement of the quality assurance system of the applied technology type university needs to strengthen the characteristics of the quality assurance system of the technology-based university on the basis of strengthening the top-level design. On the one hand, it is necessary for the school to coordinate and coordinate the whole strategic reform: the goal design of the future and the strengthening of the quality guarantee; the organization design for improving the efficiency and optimizing the quality guarantee; the process design of the whole process monitoring and the improvement of the quality guarantee; and the system design which focuses on the specification and improves the quality guarantee; Create an atmosphere to improve the cultural design of quality assurance. On the other hand, focus on strengthening the characteristics of the self-quality assurance system, highlighting the scientific and developmental nature of the quality guarantee, taking into account the standardization and characteristic of the quality guarantee, correctly understanding the relationship between the comprehensive guarantee and the outstanding focus, and properly processing the relationship between the application research and the personnel training, The relationship between internal assurance and external evaluation should be reasonably coordinated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G649.2
，
本文編號：2482666
[Abstract]:Under the "new normal" of the economic and social development of our country, it is the main goal to promote the comprehensive reform in the field of education and to promote the structural adjustment of higher education. The construction of the technology-based universities has become a hot topic in the current reform of higher education. On the basis of clarifying the basic theory of construction and application of the quality guarantee of the university, this paper makes an empirical study on the six "Applied Technology University (College) Alliance" schools based on the mixed research method, and based on the grasp of the real problem, the teaching quality of the applied technology type university is guaranteed. The quality assurance system of the application technology type university is constructed and the quality evaluation system of the application technology type university with quality orientation is discussed. On this basis, the operational mechanism and the perfect strategy of the quality assurance system of the application technology type university are further proved. Although the concept of Chinese "Applied Technology University" is based on the experience of foreign application technology university, it has Chinese characteristics. in that aspect of running a school, the application of the technology-type university should adapt to the national industrial structure, carry out the integration of the production and education and the cooperation of the school and the enterprise; in the direction of running the school, the breakthrough of the accumulation and innovation of the technical skills should be strengthened; In the aspect of personnel training, we should focus on improving the quality of personnel training. The quality standard of the application technology type university is a standard system, which is composed of the quality standard of the personnel, the professional quality standard, the teaching quality standard, the scientific research quality standard and the social service quality standard. The formulation of the quality standard needs to be based on the national policy, the outside experience and the school reality, on the basis of the outstanding application features, the combination of diversity and basic unity, stability and development, the combination of stability and development, the combination of qualitative and quantitative, scientific and operational nature. The practical problems of the quality guarantee of the application of the technology-type university in our country are in the following aspects: in the aspect of the guarantee of teaching quality, there are problems such as the single standard of teaching quality, the establishment of the teaching plan, the lack of practical teaching effect and the insufficient monitoring of the teaching quality; in that guarantee of the quality of the scientific research, the problem is concentrated on the aspects of relatively backward scientific research idea, insufficient scientific research and financial support, and unsound scientific research management mechanism; in the aspect of social service quality guarantee, there is a light and thin social service quality concept, The lack of the management mechanism of social services and the disjunction between the personnel training and the market. Therefore, the construction of the quality assurance system of the application of the technology type of China needs to be constructed on the basis of the attention to the reality: in the construction of the teaching quality assurance system, it is necessary to start with the construction of the strengthening course and the teaching material system, the construction of the new system of practice teaching and the construction of the teaching base; In the construction of the scientific research quality assurance system, it is necessary to proceed from the investment of the scientific research funds, the construction of the scientific research support system and the establishment of a new system of scientific research and management. In the construction of the social service guarantee system, the organization of the social service organization should be improved. To strengthen the capacity-building of social services and strengthen the construction of social service system. The quality-oriented application technology type university quality assurance system should adhere to the principle of combining the qualitative and quantitative evaluation, strengthen the classification evaluation, adhere to the multi-concept of the evaluation index, and attach importance to the difference between the evaluation indexes. The evaluation system has the basic characteristics of the innovation of the evaluation method, the scientific nature of the evaluation standard, the wide application range and the like. The evaluation contents of the teaching quality assurance system of the application technology type university include the course construction evaluation, the practice teaching evaluation, the classroom teaching evaluation and the like; the evaluation contents of the scientific research quality assurance system include the investment evaluation of the scientific research funds, the evaluation of the scientific research management mechanism and the evaluation of the scientific research results; The evaluation contents of the social service quality assurance system include the consultation and technical service quality evaluation, the training and training quality evaluation, the culture and resource service evaluation and the evaluation of the teacher's social service ability. The operating mechanism of the teaching quality assurance system of the application technology type university mainly includes the decision-making mechanism of the teaching quality management, the effective teaching quality supervision mechanism and the student-oriented teaching quality incentive mechanism, the operating mechanism of the scientific research quality assurance system includes the management mechanism of the scientific research funds, The mechanism of the improvement of the scientific research level and the optimization mechanism of the scientific research system; the operational mechanism of the social service quality assurance system includes the guiding and dynamic mechanism of the social service, the management and incentive mechanism, the monitoring mechanism of the personnel training and training and the lifting mechanism of the social service team. The improvement of the quality assurance system of the applied technology type university needs to strengthen the characteristics of the quality assurance system of the technology-based university on the basis of strengthening the top-level design. On the one hand, it is necessary for the school to coordinate and coordinate the whole strategic reform: the goal design of the future and the strengthening of the quality guarantee; the organization design for improving the efficiency and optimizing the quality guarantee; the process design of the whole process monitoring and the improvement of the quality guarantee; and the system design which focuses on the specification and improves the quality guarantee; Create an atmosphere to improve the cultural design of quality assurance. On the other hand, focus on strengthening the characteristics of the self-quality assurance system, highlighting the scientific and developmental nature of the quality guarantee, taking into account the standardization and characteristic of the quality guarantee, correctly understanding the relationship between the comprehensive guarantee and the outstanding focus, and properly processing the relationship between the application research and the personnel training, The relationship between internal assurance and external evaluation should be reasonably coordinated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G649.2
，
本文編號：2482666
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