行政相對人的程序抵抗權(quán)研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-22 12:15
【摘要】：在我國，基于行政權(quán)的特殊性行政相對人與行政執(zhí)法者處于不平等地位，對行政相對人的權(quán)益保護(hù)鮮少提及。人權(quán)法治理念的普及，行政程序法的起草和建構(gòu)使得程序法的內(nèi)在和外在價值得以彰顯，人權(quán)受尊重的地位愈來愈高。行政相對人的程序抵抗權(quán)則是適應(yīng)現(xiàn)實保障人權(quán)、維護(hù)行政相對人合法權(quán)益的產(chǎn)物。行政相對人的程序抵抗權(quán)是一種事中及時救濟(jì)權(quán)。具體指對行政行為重大且明顯的違法行政行為給予程序上的不服從、不配合、不履行的權(quán)利。它開辟了繼行政訴訟、行政復(fù)議等救濟(jì)方式的新途徑，同時提升了行政相對人的監(jiān)督主體地位，完善了我國監(jiān)督體系。有利于監(jiān)督行政主體正當(dāng)行為，平衡行政雙方主體的權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系，解決行政主體與行政相對人之間的利益緊張關(guān)系，推動和諧社會建設(shè)。 本文立足于行政相對人在法治進(jìn)程中理論上地位不斷提升，而現(xiàn)實中權(quán)利卻屢遭損害的現(xiàn)狀，通過分析我國理論和實踐中對抵抗權(quán)的規(guī)定，以及國內(nèi)外對抵抗權(quán)的運(yùn)行措施，完善與保障我國行政執(zhí)法過程中的行政相對人的程序抵抗權(quán)，從而建立具有中國特色的行政相對人程序抵抗權(quán)體系，貫徹“尊重和保障人權(quán)”的立法理念。本文主要分為五個部分。 第一部分為行政相對人程序抵抗權(quán)的基本概述。本文以抵抗權(quán)的由來為出發(fā)點，分析國內(nèi)國外的抵抗權(quán)語境，在此基礎(chǔ)上提出抵抗權(quán)的語義。通過歷史分析的方法實現(xiàn)抵抗權(quán)到行政領(lǐng)域中行政相對人程序抵抗權(quán)的過渡。從我國行政法學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域，介紹行政相對人抵抗權(quán)從無到有的爭議過程，在承認(rèn)行政抵抗權(quán)存在的基礎(chǔ)上依據(jù)權(quán)利性質(zhì)將行政抵抗權(quán)分為實質(zhì)抵抗權(quán)、程序抵抗權(quán)和實質(zhì)與程序并軌的抵抗權(quán)，由此引出本文的研究重點行政相對人的程序抵抗權(quán)。隨之，對行政相對人程序抵抗權(quán)的含義、特征進(jìn)行了分析，將程序抵抗權(quán)的語境與語義融入到文章中，加深對程序抵抗權(quán)的認(rèn)識。由淺入深、由抽象到具體的對行政相對人的程序權(quán)利進(jìn)行概述，為下文程序抵抗權(quán)研究奠定基礎(chǔ)。 第二部分為行政相對人程序抵抗權(quán)的正當(dāng)性。本文以行政行為公定力理論作為抵抗權(quán)的理論淵源，，指出程序抵抗權(quán)存在的合理性；以無效行政行為理論為支撐，指出程序抵抗權(quán)存在的前提和重要性；最后將現(xiàn)實中倡導(dǎo)的和諧社會論作為實踐基礎(chǔ)，提升程序抵抗權(quán)在實踐中的可操作性與可行性。 第三部分為行政相對人程序抵抗權(quán)的運(yùn)行困境。本文從權(quán)利的構(gòu)成要素出發(fā)，將程序抵抗權(quán)的構(gòu)成要素分為：主體、內(nèi)容、程序、形式、救濟(jì)五個要素。通過分析各個要素的不足，即主體法律意識淡薄，無效行政行為缺陷，抵抗程序混亂，抵抗方式無序，以及救濟(jì)機(jī)制滯后。將抵抗權(quán)的尷尬境遇詳細(xì)分析，為完善程序抵抗權(quán)構(gòu)建有效法律保障體系。 第四部分為行政相對人程序抵抗權(quán)的完善與保障。針對第三部分存在的缺陷，提出有效措施。主要是規(guī)范法律文件，完善無效行政行為制度，抵抗方式有序化以及確認(rèn)“爭訟停止”救濟(jì)機(jī)制，不僅實現(xiàn)程序抵抗權(quán)的法制化，而且將程序法的內(nèi)在價值融合到權(quán)利之中，實現(xiàn)程序抵抗權(quán)的程序化。 第五部分為結(jié)語，對全文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)，并構(gòu)建行政相對人程序抵抗權(quán)的藍(lán)圖。通過完善與保障程序抵抗權(quán)，有效解決行政關(guān)系人之間的矛盾糾紛，推動雙方關(guān)系的和諧化，促進(jìn)平等觀念的普及，推動和諧社會的構(gòu)建。
[Abstract]:In our country , the administrative right is based on the particularity of the administrative right and the administrative law - enforcing person is in an unequal position , and the protection of the rights and interests of the administrative counterpart is seldom mentioned . The right of the administrative counterpart ' s procedure resistance is the product of the procedural law ' s internal and external values . It opens up the supervision system of the administrative body , which is beneficial to the supervision of the administrative body ' s legitimate behavior and balancing the rights and obligations of the main bodies of the administration .
This paper is based on the current situation of the administrative counterpart in the process of the rule of law , but the right in reality is often damaged . By analyzing the provisions of the right of resistance in our country ' s theory and practice , and the operation measures of the right of resistance at home and abroad , we should perfect and safeguard the administrative counterpart ' s procedural resistance right in the process of administrative law enforcement , so as to establish the legislative idea of " respecting and safeguarding human rights " . This article is divided into five parts .
The first part is the basic summary of the right to resist the procedure resistance of the administrative counterpart . Based on the analysis of the author ' s right to resist the right of resistance in the field of administrative law , this paper analyzes the meaning and characteristics of the right to resist the right of resistance in the administrative field .
The second part is the legitimacy of the right to resist the relative procedural resistance . This article takes the theory of administrative act as the theory origin of the right of resistance , and points out the rationality of the existence of the right of procedure resistance ;
Based on the theory of invalid administrative act , this paper points out the precondition and importance of the existence of the right of procedure resistance .
Finally , the theory of harmonious society advocated in reality is regarded as the practical basis , and the maneuverability and feasibility of the right of procedure resistance are improved in practice .
In the third part , the author divides the constituent elements of the right of procedure resistance into five elements : subject , content , procedure , form and relief .
The fourth part is divided into the perfection and safeguard of the right to resist the procedure resistance of the administrative counterpart . In the light of the defects existing in the third part , the author puts forward effective measures . It is mainly to regulate the legal documents , perfect the invalid administrative behavior system , the resistance way and the relief mechanism of the " stop of the dispute " , not only to realize the legalization of the right of procedure resistance , but also to integrate the inherent value of the procedural law into the right , and realize the procedural resistance right .
The fifth part summarizes the contents of the whole text , summarizes the contents of the whole text , and constructs the blueprint of the right to resist the relative human procedure . By perfecting and protecting the right of procedure resistance , effectively solving the contradiction dispute between the administrative relations , promoting the harmony of the relations between the two sides , promoting the popularization of the equality concept , and promoting the construction of the harmonious society .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.1
本文編號：2137438
[Abstract]:In our country , the administrative right is based on the particularity of the administrative right and the administrative law - enforcing person is in an unequal position , and the protection of the rights and interests of the administrative counterpart is seldom mentioned . The right of the administrative counterpart ' s procedure resistance is the product of the procedural law ' s internal and external values . It opens up the supervision system of the administrative body , which is beneficial to the supervision of the administrative body ' s legitimate behavior and balancing the rights and obligations of the main bodies of the administration .
This paper is based on the current situation of the administrative counterpart in the process of the rule of law , but the right in reality is often damaged . By analyzing the provisions of the right of resistance in our country ' s theory and practice , and the operation measures of the right of resistance at home and abroad , we should perfect and safeguard the administrative counterpart ' s procedural resistance right in the process of administrative law enforcement , so as to establish the legislative idea of " respecting and safeguarding human rights " . This article is divided into five parts .
The first part is the basic summary of the right to resist the procedure resistance of the administrative counterpart . Based on the analysis of the author ' s right to resist the right of resistance in the field of administrative law , this paper analyzes the meaning and characteristics of the right to resist the right of resistance in the administrative field .
The second part is the legitimacy of the right to resist the relative procedural resistance . This article takes the theory of administrative act as the theory origin of the right of resistance , and points out the rationality of the existence of the right of procedure resistance ;
Based on the theory of invalid administrative act , this paper points out the precondition and importance of the existence of the right of procedure resistance .
Finally , the theory of harmonious society advocated in reality is regarded as the practical basis , and the maneuverability and feasibility of the right of procedure resistance are improved in practice .
In the third part , the author divides the constituent elements of the right of procedure resistance into five elements : subject , content , procedure , form and relief .
The fourth part is divided into the perfection and safeguard of the right to resist the procedure resistance of the administrative counterpart . In the light of the defects existing in the third part , the author puts forward effective measures . It is mainly to regulate the legal documents , perfect the invalid administrative behavior system , the resistance way and the relief mechanism of the " stop of the dispute " , not only to realize the legalization of the right of procedure resistance , but also to integrate the inherent value of the procedural law into the right , and realize the procedural resistance right .
The fifth part summarizes the contents of the whole text , summarizes the contents of the whole text , and constructs the blueprint of the right to resist the relative human procedure . By perfecting and protecting the right of procedure resistance , effectively solving the contradiction dispute between the administrative relations , promoting the harmony of the relations between the two sides , promoting the popularization of the equality concept , and promoting the construction of the harmonious society .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.1
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