發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-03 08:00

【摘要】：監(jiān)察措施的合法性是監(jiān)察體制改革的實(shí)質(zhì)性法治議題。新的國(guó)家監(jiān)察機(jī)關(guān)所采取的監(jiān)察措施多元混合,但是并沒有創(chuàng)制出新的權(quán)力類型,也沒有根本改變監(jiān)察措施的法律性質(zhì)。其中,職務(wù)犯罪調(diào)查措施屬于刑事偵查,職務(wù)違法行為調(diào)查措施屬于行政性措施。監(jiān)察關(guān)系屬于基于公務(wù)員管理而形成的特別關(guān)系,但是當(dāng)監(jiān)察措施涉及公民基本權(quán)利時(shí),應(yīng)受依法治國(guó)原則的調(diào)整,應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循法律保留原則。在監(jiān)察措施的過程合法性方面,應(yīng)遵循正當(dāng)程序原則,妥當(dāng)設(shè)置刑事和行政監(jiān)察程序的分類與轉(zhuǎn)換,尤其需要充分規(guī)定告知、陳述申辯、全程錄音錄像和聽證等關(guān)鍵性程序權(quán)利或措施。對(duì)監(jiān)察機(jī)關(guān)實(shí)施監(jiān)督的最重要、最有效的法律途徑是司法監(jiān)督,應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)監(jiān)察措施及其程序的類型進(jìn)行合理的司法銜接。其中,職務(wù)犯罪偵查的司法銜接應(yīng)當(dāng)適用《刑事訴訟法》的規(guī)定;行政性留置等涉及公民基本權(quán)利的監(jiān)察調(diào)查措施與處置措施,應(yīng)當(dāng)準(zhǔn)用《行政訴訟法》予以法律救濟(jì)。此外,還應(yīng)充分考慮律師介入與國(guó)家責(zé)任問題。
[Abstract]:The legality of supervisory measures is the substantive subject of rule of law in the reform of supervisory system. The monitoring measures adopted by the new state supervisory organs are mixed, but they do not create a new type of power, nor fundamentally change the legal nature of the supervisory measures. Among them, the investigation measures of duty crime belong to criminal investigation, and the investigation measures of duty illegal acts belong to administrative measures. The supervisory relationship belongs to the special relationship based on the management of civil servants, but when the supervisory measures involve the basic rights of citizens, they should be adjusted by the principle of governing the country according to law, and should follow the principle of legal reservation. With regard to the legality of the process of monitoring measures, the principle of due process should be followed, and the classification and conversion of criminal and administrative supervisory procedures should be properly set up. In particular, it is necessary to provide adequate provisions for informing and making representations. Key procedural rights or measures such as audio, video recording and hearings. Judicial supervision is the most important and the most effective legal way to supervise the supervisory organs, which should be reasonably connected according to the types of supervision measures and procedures. Among them, the judicial connection of duty crime investigation should be governed by the provisions of the Criminal procedure Law, and the administrative lien, such as the supervision, investigation and disposal measures concerning the basic rights of citizens, should be granted legal relief with the Administrative procedure Law. In addition, full consideration should be given to the involvement of lawyers and State responsibility.
【作者單位】： 華東政法大學(xué)法律學(xué)院;
【分類號(hào)】：D922.11

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