我國電信業(yè)的民間資本準(zhǔn)入法律制度研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-07 14:09
【摘要】：信息傳遞長期為官方壟斷,新興技術(shù)下形成的電信行業(yè)雖經(jīng)歷了四次拆分與合并,仍然存在著不合理壟斷的方面。如何協(xié)調(diào)滿足公共利益的需求和促進(jìn)市場經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展所需要的公平競爭環(huán)境兩者之間的關(guān)系,顯得尤為重要。隨著新的競爭格局的形成以及電信業(yè)改革的深入,國內(nèi)學(xué)者研究的熱點(diǎn)主要集中于打破壟斷問題和實(shí)現(xiàn)有效競爭。然而,當(dāng)前電信業(yè)的運(yùn)營呈現(xiàn)市場版圖化,距離有效競爭仍有較大的距離,例如電信市場的主導(dǎo)力量過于強(qiáng)大、新的市場主體力量微不足道等。為了加強(qiáng)電信業(yè)的競爭力,運(yùn)營商需要轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)營體制,提高經(jīng)營管理的水平。與這種趨勢和需求相適應(yīng)的就是政府放松管制,降低主體運(yùn)營市場份額,引入民間資本,形成有效競爭�，F(xiàn)階段必須從競爭市場的建立入手,通過競爭優(yōu)化市場環(huán)境,改善市場秩序,推進(jìn)法制建設(shè),促進(jìn)電信業(yè)民間資本準(zhǔn)入制度的完善。 在法律視野下考察我國電信業(yè)的準(zhǔn)入制度問題：第一,電信業(yè)民間資本準(zhǔn)入制度缺乏完善的法律體系,目前屬于行政法規(guī)類的《中華人民共和國電信條例》,其法律位階不高,缺乏對民間資本進(jìn)入電信產(chǎn)業(yè)的相關(guān)規(guī)定,難以適應(yīng)電信產(chǎn)業(yè)民營化發(fā)展的需求；第二,電信業(yè)的民間資本欠缺公平明確的準(zhǔn)入制度,現(xiàn)有的規(guī)定偏重于對于外資準(zhǔn)入的規(guī)定,而對于民間資本準(zhǔn)入條件、準(zhǔn)入的范圍、準(zhǔn)入的程序等問題有所欠缺；第三,激勵民間資本準(zhǔn)入的措施不到位,主要表現(xiàn)在資金問題無法得到解決,技術(shù)支持和相關(guān)服務(wù)仍然是企業(yè)的巨大負(fù)擔(dān),欠缺稅收方面的優(yōu)惠措施；第四,電信產(chǎn)業(yè)的民間資本監(jiān)管體制不完善,主要表現(xiàn)有監(jiān)管主體以及相互之間的權(quán)力配置不明確,監(jiān)管的對象以及范圍存在爭議,監(jiān)管的模式以及監(jiān)管的手段不能實(shí)現(xiàn)監(jiān)管的目的。 探尋電信業(yè)民間資本準(zhǔn)入制度的法律對策,必須在借鑒國外經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合我國具體制度的現(xiàn)狀加以完善。具體包括四個方面：其一,加快《中華人民共和國電信法》的出臺,彌補(bǔ)電信業(yè)在法律層面的空白,并對其他相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)予以修正,使電信法律條款更能適應(yīng)時代要求和提供監(jiān)管依據(jù)；其二,應(yīng)該明確規(guī)定民間資本進(jìn)入電信產(chǎn)業(yè)的體制制度,從準(zhǔn)入范圍、準(zhǔn)入條件、準(zhǔn)入的程序等方面探討符合現(xiàn)階段發(fā)展條件的準(zhǔn)入制度：其三,落實(shí)激勵民間資本進(jìn)入電信業(yè)的措施,從資金、技術(shù)和稅收三個方面提出相關(guān)建議；其四,重構(gòu)政府對電信市場的監(jiān)管體制,包括需要正確處理政府管制與監(jiān)管的關(guān)系,明確監(jiān)管主體及其權(quán)力的分配,明確監(jiān)管模式以及監(jiān)管手段,并健全對監(jiān)管者的監(jiān)管。在可預(yù)見的未來,電信業(yè)應(yīng)該逐漸打破壟斷,發(fā)展成為國有資本、民間資本和外資三方有效競爭的產(chǎn)業(yè)。
[Abstract]:Information transmission has been an official monopoly for a long time. Although the telecommunication industry formed under the new technology has undergone four times of separation and merger, it still has some unreasonable monopoly aspects. How to coordinate the relationship between satisfying the demand of public interest and promoting the fair competition environment for the development of market economy is particularly important. With the formation of new competition pattern and the deepening of telecom industry reform, domestic scholars' research focuses on breaking monopoly and realizing effective competition. However, the current operation of the telecommunications industry presents a market map, which is still far from effective competition. For example, the dominant power of the telecommunications market is too strong, the new market main force is insignificant, and so on. In order to strengthen the competitiveness of telecom industry, operators need to change the management system and improve the level of operation and management. To adapt to this trend and demand, the government deregulates, reduces the market share of the main operation, introduces private capital, and forms effective competition. At present, we must start with the establishment of competitive market, optimize the market environment through competition, improve the market order, promote the legal system construction, and promote the consummation of the private capital access system of telecommunication industry. From the perspective of law, this paper studies the access system of telecommunication industry in China. First, the system of access to private capital in telecommunications industry lacks a perfect legal system. At present, the "Telecommunication regulations of the people's Republic of China", which belong to the category of administrative laws and regulations, have a low legal rank. Lack of relevant regulations on the entry of private capital into the telecommunications industry, it is difficult to adapt to the needs of the development of privatization of the telecommunications industry; second, the private capital of the telecommunications industry lacks a fair and clear access system, and the existing provisions focus on the provisions on access to foreign capital. However, there is a lack of conditions, scope and procedures for access to private capital. Third, the measures to encourage private capital access are not in place, mainly because the problem of capital cannot be solved. Technical support and related services are still a huge burden for enterprises, lack of preferential tax measures; fourth, the telecommunications industry of private capital regulatory system is not perfect, mainly reflected in the main regulatory bodies and mutual power allocation is not clear, The object and scope of supervision are controversial, the mode and means of supervision can not achieve the purpose of supervision. In order to explore the legal countermeasures of the private capital access system in telecommunication industry, we must perfect it on the basis of drawing lessons from foreign experience and combining with the present situation of our country's specific system. It includes four aspects: first, to accelerate the promulgation of the Telecommunications Law of the people's Republic of China, to make up for the gaps in the telecommunications industry at the legal level, and to amend other relevant laws and regulations. To make the provisions of telecommunications laws more suitable to the requirements of the times and to provide the basis for supervision; second, we should clearly stipulate the institutional system for the entry of private capital into the telecommunications industry, from the scope of admission and the conditions of entry. The procedure of access and other aspects are discussed in accordance with the conditions of development at this stage: third, to implement the measures to encourage private capital to enter the telecommunications industry, and to put forward relevant proposals from three aspects: capital, technology and taxation; fourth, Reconstructing the government's supervision system of telecom market, including dealing with the relationship between government regulation and supervision correctly, clarifying the main body of supervision and the distribution of its power, clarifying the supervision model and means, and perfecting the supervision of regulators. In the foreseeable future, the telecom industry should gradually break the monopoly and develop into an effective competition industry of state-owned capital, private capital and foreign capital.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.16
本文編號：2170271
[Abstract]:Information transmission has been an official monopoly for a long time. Although the telecommunication industry formed under the new technology has undergone four times of separation and merger, it still has some unreasonable monopoly aspects. How to coordinate the relationship between satisfying the demand of public interest and promoting the fair competition environment for the development of market economy is particularly important. With the formation of new competition pattern and the deepening of telecom industry reform, domestic scholars' research focuses on breaking monopoly and realizing effective competition. However, the current operation of the telecommunications industry presents a market map, which is still far from effective competition. For example, the dominant power of the telecommunications market is too strong, the new market main force is insignificant, and so on. In order to strengthen the competitiveness of telecom industry, operators need to change the management system and improve the level of operation and management. To adapt to this trend and demand, the government deregulates, reduces the market share of the main operation, introduces private capital, and forms effective competition. At present, we must start with the establishment of competitive market, optimize the market environment through competition, improve the market order, promote the legal system construction, and promote the consummation of the private capital access system of telecommunication industry. From the perspective of law, this paper studies the access system of telecommunication industry in China. First, the system of access to private capital in telecommunications industry lacks a perfect legal system. At present, the "Telecommunication regulations of the people's Republic of China", which belong to the category of administrative laws and regulations, have a low legal rank. Lack of relevant regulations on the entry of private capital into the telecommunications industry, it is difficult to adapt to the needs of the development of privatization of the telecommunications industry; second, the private capital of the telecommunications industry lacks a fair and clear access system, and the existing provisions focus on the provisions on access to foreign capital. However, there is a lack of conditions, scope and procedures for access to private capital. Third, the measures to encourage private capital access are not in place, mainly because the problem of capital cannot be solved. Technical support and related services are still a huge burden for enterprises, lack of preferential tax measures; fourth, the telecommunications industry of private capital regulatory system is not perfect, mainly reflected in the main regulatory bodies and mutual power allocation is not clear, The object and scope of supervision are controversial, the mode and means of supervision can not achieve the purpose of supervision. In order to explore the legal countermeasures of the private capital access system in telecommunication industry, we must perfect it on the basis of drawing lessons from foreign experience and combining with the present situation of our country's specific system. It includes four aspects: first, to accelerate the promulgation of the Telecommunications Law of the people's Republic of China, to make up for the gaps in the telecommunications industry at the legal level, and to amend other relevant laws and regulations. To make the provisions of telecommunications laws more suitable to the requirements of the times and to provide the basis for supervision; second, we should clearly stipulate the institutional system for the entry of private capital into the telecommunications industry, from the scope of admission and the conditions of entry. The procedure of access and other aspects are discussed in accordance with the conditions of development at this stage: third, to implement the measures to encourage private capital to enter the telecommunications industry, and to put forward relevant proposals from three aspects: capital, technology and taxation; fourth, Reconstructing the government's supervision system of telecom market, including dealing with the relationship between government regulation and supervision correctly, clarifying the main body of supervision and the distribution of its power, clarifying the supervision model and means, and perfecting the supervision of regulators. In the foreseeable future, the telecom industry should gradually break the monopoly and develop into an effective competition industry of state-owned capital, private capital and foreign capital.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.16
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，本文編號：2170271
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