發(fā)布時間：2018-11-27 08:01

【摘要】：隨著世界經(jīng)濟一體化進程的快速推進,集裝箱運輸在國內外經(jīng)濟和貿易往來中發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。近年來,港口集裝箱吞吐量快速增長和集裝箱船也不斷向大型化發(fā)展,部分港區(qū)已經(jīng)開始出現(xiàn)嚴重的擁堵問題,閘口經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)集卡排隊的情況,嚴重制約了港區(qū)作業(yè)和集疏運效率。特別是集卡到港的不均衡性,使得港區(qū)閘口通過能力不能完全發(fā)揮,也是導致港區(qū)閘口排隊現(xiàn)象嚴重的重要原因之一。本文通過分析集裝箱港區(qū)作業(yè)特點、船舶到港規(guī)律及集卡到港規(guī)律,提出將免費堆存期細化成若干時間段和適當延長堆存期的優(yōu)化策略,以調整港外集卡的到達時刻,實現(xiàn)不同時段集卡到港數(shù)量的相對均衡,進而緩解閘口處的集卡排隊的情況,提升港區(qū)閘口服務水平。在充分考慮船舶和集卡到港的不均衡和隨機性的基礎上,本文構建集裝箱港區(qū)集疏運作業(yè)系統(tǒng)仿真模型,并將本文所提出的堆存期優(yōu)化策略作為方案集成到模型之中,仿真模擬不同堆存期策略對港區(qū)閘口服務水平的影響。以北方某港區(qū)實際運營數(shù)據(jù)對模型進行校驗,并將本文所提出的閘口服務水平優(yōu)化方法應用于該港區(qū),仿真模擬多種組合堆存策略,并對閘口排隊系統(tǒng)相關指標進行分析,結果表明堆存期分段越細,閘口的服務水平越高,且對出口箱堆存期分段的效果稍好于對進口箱分段策略,同時堆存期越長,閘口的服務水平也越高,且延長出口箱堆存期的效果稍優(yōu)于延長進口箱堆存期。本文所提出的基于堆存策略的優(yōu)化方法可有效均衡集卡的到港,減少集卡的集中到達,進而提升閘口的服務水平,對于港區(qū)實際運營和管理具有參考意義,港區(qū)可結合自身運營情況和各類可用資源現(xiàn)狀選擇合適的堆存策略。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of world economic integration, container transportation plays a more and more important role in domestic and foreign economy and trade. In recent years, the port container throughput has increased rapidly and container ships have been developing to a large scale. Some port areas have already started to have serious congestion problems. Seriously restricted the port area operation and the collection and distribution efficiency. Especially, the imbalance of collecting card to the port makes the passing capacity of the gate in the port can not be brought into full play, and it is also one of the important reasons for the serious queue phenomenon of the gate in the port area. Based on the analysis of the operation characteristics of container port area, the law of ship arrival and the law of collecting card to port, this paper puts forward the optimization strategy of refining the free storage period into several time periods and prolonging the storage period appropriately, in order to adjust the arrival time of the card outside the port. To realize the relative equilibrium of the number of card arrivals in different periods of time, and then to alleviate the situation of card collection queue at the gate, and to improve the service level of the gate in the port area. On the basis of considering the unbalance and randomness of ship and container port, this paper constructs the simulation model of container port area gathering and distributing operation system, and integrates the storage period optimization strategy proposed in this paper into the model. Simulation of different storage period strategy on the port gate service level. Based on the actual operation data of a port area in the north of China, the model is verified, and the optimization method of gate service level proposed in this paper is applied to the port area to simulate various combined stacking strategies, and to analyze the relevant indexes of gate queuing system. The results show that the finer the storage period, the higher the service level of the gate, and the better the effect of the segmentation on the storage period of the export box is, and the longer the storage period is, the higher the service level of the gate is. And the effect of prolonging the storage period of export box is slightly better than that of prolonging the storage period of import box. The proposed optimization method based on storage strategy can effectively balance the arrival of the card, reduce the centralized arrival of the card, and then improve the service level of the gate, which is of reference significance for the actual operation and management of the port area. The port area can choose appropriate stacking strategy according to its own operation and the current situation of all kinds of available resources.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U691.3

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本文編號：2359975