黃土高填方路堤沉降規(guī)律及預測研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-19 08:38
【摘要】：在我國經(jīng)濟高速發(fā)展的今天,高等級公路里程和密度都得到了很大的提高。對于地形復雜的山區(qū)筑路,高填方路堤這種結構形式是極其常見的。在黃土分布比較廣的地區(qū),為了提高路堤填筑的經(jīng)濟性,常常以黃土為主要填料。因此,在了解黃土填料物理力學特性的基礎上,對黃土高填方路堤的沉降規(guī)律及預測進行研究尤為必要。本文以太原市太行路工程閻家峰路段的高填方路堤為研究對象,首先對高填方路堤工后沉降進行了歷時一年的沉降監(jiān)測;與此同時,對現(xiàn)場取得的不同深度的壓實土樣進行室內(nèi)土工試驗。以室外沉降監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)和室內(nèi)土工試驗數(shù)據(jù)為基礎數(shù)據(jù),對黃土高填方路堤的沉降規(guī)律及預測進行研究。主要研究內(nèi)容和結論敘述如下:1.黃土的物理力學特性。對取得的不同深度處的壓實土樣進行土工試驗,研究了黃土的粒徑級配,液塑限,最大干密度對應的最優(yōu)含水量,以及壓縮特性。試驗結果表明:(1)填方體孔隙比隨著填方深度近似呈1/4正弦波周期性變化,重錘補夯界面處孔隙比最小。(2)高填方路堤經(jīng)分層碾壓及重錘補夯后壓縮性明顯降低,均變?yōu)橹械蛪嚎s性土。(3)黃土具有壓硬特性,即隨著應力水平的提升,側限壓縮模量會變大。2.黃土高填方路堤沉降監(jiān)測結果。在黃土高填方路堤縱向上選取五個斷面進行沉降監(jiān)測,監(jiān)測結果表明:(1)根據(jù)沉降孔中沉降磁環(huán)的埋設位置,將高填方路堤大致分為四層土,其中第二層土和第三層土的沉降變化速率較快,壓縮量較大;第一層和第四層土的沉降變化速率較穩(wěn)定,壓縮量較小。(2)高填方路堤在沉降前期大約8個月之內(nèi)沉降速率較快,隨后沉降速率變緩,最終沉降趨于穩(wěn)定。(3)高填方路堤沉降值受填方高度,地形影響比較大,如果填方高度越低,地基在地形上對路堤的約束越強,那么路堤的沉降值也越小;原地基沉降約占路堤總沉降的10%,高填方路堤堤身沉降值s與填方高度h之間的線性擬合關系式為:s=1.109h-3.3889。3.黃土高填方路堤沉降預測。如果把高填方路堤沉降值隨著時間的變化規(guī)律看作一個系統(tǒng),由于高填方路堤沉降監(jiān)測得到的原始數(shù)據(jù)較少,也就是說,這個沉降系統(tǒng)是一個小樣本,貧信息的灰色系統(tǒng),那么用灰色系統(tǒng)理論來研究這個灰色的系統(tǒng)將更為有效。本預測根據(jù)鄧聚蘢教授于1982年提出的均值GM(1,1)模型,利用三次樣條插值函數(shù)生成該模型所需要的灰序列,通過模型運算,得到了高填方路堤K4+050斷面中點處沉降前期和后期的沉降~時間響應式分別為:(?)~(0)(t)=7.980)0.216(-1)和(?)~(0)(t)=26.760)0.009(-1),其中t=2,3,...,n。兩個時期原始序列和預測序列的灰色接近關聯(lián)度01分別為0.65和0.998,平均絕對百分誤差MAPE分別為7.65和0.61,即沉降后期的01要高于沉降前期,MAPE要低于沉降前期,用灰色系統(tǒng)理論對高填方路堤后期沉降進行灰色建模,預測結果精確性將更高。4.關于黃土高填方路堤沉降的有限元補充分析。根據(jù)實際工程簡化出有限元分析模型,通過ANSYS有限元分析軟件,得到高填方路堤等效應力云圖和水平、豎向位移云圖,通過有限元分析結果可以發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)路堤填料經(jīng)過分層碾壓及重錘補夯綜合處理后,高填方路堤在自重應力作用下路面沉降較小。(2)高填方路堤坡腳處水平位移偏大,施工時得加強對該區(qū)域土體的壓實處理。
[Abstract]:Today, the high-grade highway mileage and density have been greatly improved in the high-speed development of our country. The structural form of high-filled embankment is very common for road-building in mountainous areas with complex terrain. In the area with a wide distribution of loess, in order to improve the economy of the filling of the embankment, the loess is often used as the main filler. Therefore, on the basis of understanding the physical and mechanical properties of the loess, it is especially necessary to study the settlement rule and the prediction of the high-fill embankment of the loess. In this paper, based on the high-fill embankment of Yan 'a peak section of Taiyuan Taihang Road Project, the settlement monitoring of the high-fill embankment is carried out for a period of one year. At the same time, the indoor geotechnical test is carried out on the compacted soil samples at different depths. Based on the outdoor settlement monitoring data and the indoor geotechnical test data, the settlement rule and the prediction of the high-fill embankment of the loess are studied. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:1. Physical and mechanical properties of loess. The compaction soil samples at different depths are subjected to soil test, and the optimal water content and the compression property of the loess are studied. The results of the test show that (1) The void ratio of the fill body is approximately 1/4 sine wave periodic variation with the filling depth, and the aperture ratio at the interface of the heavy hammer is the smallest. (2) The compressibility of the high-filled embankment is obviously reduced after the layered rolling and the weight-filling and the compaction of the heavy hammer are obviously reduced, and the high-fill embankment becomes the low-compressibility soil. (3) The loess has the pressure-hard property, that is, with the increase of the stress level, the compression modulus of the lateral limit increases. The results of the settlement monitoring of the high-fill embankment of loess. In the longitudinal direction of the loess high-fill embankment, five sections are selected for settlement monitoring, and the monitoring results show that: (1) According to the buried position of the settlement magnetic ring in the settlement hole, the high-fill embankment is roughly divided into four layers of soil, wherein the settlement change rate of the second layer soil and the third layer soil is faster, The compression amount is large, the settlement change rate of the first layer and the fourth layer soil is relatively stable, and the compression amount is small. (2) The settlement rate of the high-filled embankment is faster in the first 8 months before the settlement, and then the settlement rate is slow, and the final settlement is stable. (3) The settlement value of the high-fill embankment is affected by the filling height and the terrain, and if the height of the fill is lower, the stronger the foundation's constraint on the embankment on the terrain, the smaller the settlement value of the embankment, and the settlement of the original foundation accounts for 10% of the total settlement of the embankment, The linear fitting relation between the settlement value s and the filling height h of the high-fill embankment is: s = 1.109h-3.3889.3. Settlement prediction of high-fill embankment in loess. if that settlement value of the high fill embankment is view as a system with time, the raw data obtained due to the high fill embankment settlement monitoring is less, that is, the settlement system is a small sample, the poor information gray system, Then the grey system theory is used to study the grey system to be more efficient. According to the mean GM (1,1) model proposed by Prof. Deng Juli in 1982, the three-spline interpolation function is used to generate the grey sequence required by the model, and the settlement-time-response formula at the middle point of the K4 + 050 section of the high-fill embankment is obtained by means of the model operation: (? ) ~ (0) (t) = 7.980) 0.216 (-1) and (? ) ~ (0) (t) = 26.760) 0.009 (-1), where t = 2,3,... and the average absolute percent error MAPE is 7.65 and 0.61 respectively, i.e.,01 in the late settling period is higher than the pre-settling period, and the MAPE is lower than the settling period, The grey system theory is used to model the post-settlement of the high-fill embankment, and the accuracy of the prediction results will be higher. Finite element supplementary analysis on the settlement of high-fill embankment in loess. according to the practical engineering, the finite element analysis model is simplified, the effect force cloud image and the horizontal and vertical displacement cloud image of the high-fill embankment are obtained through the ANSYS finite element analysis software, The settlement of the high-fill embankment under the self-weight stress is small. (2) The horizontal displacement at the toe of the embankment of the high fill road is too large, and the compaction of the soil in the area shall be strengthened during construction.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U416.12
本文編號：2502223
[Abstract]:Today, the high-grade highway mileage and density have been greatly improved in the high-speed development of our country. The structural form of high-filled embankment is very common for road-building in mountainous areas with complex terrain. In the area with a wide distribution of loess, in order to improve the economy of the filling of the embankment, the loess is often used as the main filler. Therefore, on the basis of understanding the physical and mechanical properties of the loess, it is especially necessary to study the settlement rule and the prediction of the high-fill embankment of the loess. In this paper, based on the high-fill embankment of Yan 'a peak section of Taiyuan Taihang Road Project, the settlement monitoring of the high-fill embankment is carried out for a period of one year. At the same time, the indoor geotechnical test is carried out on the compacted soil samples at different depths. Based on the outdoor settlement monitoring data and the indoor geotechnical test data, the settlement rule and the prediction of the high-fill embankment of the loess are studied. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:1. Physical and mechanical properties of loess. The compaction soil samples at different depths are subjected to soil test, and the optimal water content and the compression property of the loess are studied. The results of the test show that (1) The void ratio of the fill body is approximately 1/4 sine wave periodic variation with the filling depth, and the aperture ratio at the interface of the heavy hammer is the smallest. (2) The compressibility of the high-filled embankment is obviously reduced after the layered rolling and the weight-filling and the compaction of the heavy hammer are obviously reduced, and the high-fill embankment becomes the low-compressibility soil. (3) The loess has the pressure-hard property, that is, with the increase of the stress level, the compression modulus of the lateral limit increases. The results of the settlement monitoring of the high-fill embankment of loess. In the longitudinal direction of the loess high-fill embankment, five sections are selected for settlement monitoring, and the monitoring results show that: (1) According to the buried position of the settlement magnetic ring in the settlement hole, the high-fill embankment is roughly divided into four layers of soil, wherein the settlement change rate of the second layer soil and the third layer soil is faster, The compression amount is large, the settlement change rate of the first layer and the fourth layer soil is relatively stable, and the compression amount is small. (2) The settlement rate of the high-filled embankment is faster in the first 8 months before the settlement, and then the settlement rate is slow, and the final settlement is stable. (3) The settlement value of the high-fill embankment is affected by the filling height and the terrain, and if the height of the fill is lower, the stronger the foundation's constraint on the embankment on the terrain, the smaller the settlement value of the embankment, and the settlement of the original foundation accounts for 10% of the total settlement of the embankment, The linear fitting relation between the settlement value s and the filling height h of the high-fill embankment is: s = 1.109h-3.3889.3. Settlement prediction of high-fill embankment in loess. if that settlement value of the high fill embankment is view as a system with time, the raw data obtained due to the high fill embankment settlement monitoring is less, that is, the settlement system is a small sample, the poor information gray system, Then the grey system theory is used to study the grey system to be more efficient. According to the mean GM (1,1) model proposed by Prof. Deng Juli in 1982, the three-spline interpolation function is used to generate the grey sequence required by the model, and the settlement-time-response formula at the middle point of the K4 + 050 section of the high-fill embankment is obtained by means of the model operation: (? ) ~ (0) (t) = 7.980) 0.216 (-1) and (? ) ~ (0) (t) = 26.760) 0.009 (-1), where t = 2,3,... and the average absolute percent error MAPE is 7.65 and 0.61 respectively, i.e.,01 in the late settling period is higher than the pre-settling period, and the MAPE is lower than the settling period, The grey system theory is used to model the post-settlement of the high-fill embankment, and the accuracy of the prediction results will be higher. Finite element supplementary analysis on the settlement of high-fill embankment in loess. according to the practical engineering, the finite element analysis model is simplified, the effect force cloud image and the horizontal and vertical displacement cloud image of the high-fill embankment are obtained through the ANSYS finite element analysis software, The settlement of the high-fill embankment under the self-weight stress is small. (2) The horizontal displacement at the toe of the embankment of the high fill road is too large, and the compaction of the soil in the area shall be strengthened during construction.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U416.12
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，本文編號：2502223
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