發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-17 12:12

  本文選題：自然數(shù)碼奇象記憶 + 化學(xué)元素名稱　； 參考：《貴州師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：“捆綁”是一種重要的認(rèn)知加工。當(dāng)人們記憶數(shù)量多、順序性強(qiáng)、復(fù)雜的材料時(shí),普遍存在遺忘、前攝和倒攝抑制現(xiàn)象,人們只有將知覺到的事物各方面特征聯(lián)結(jié)為一個(gè)整體,才能夠在需要的時(shí)候準(zhǔn)確地提取信息,并有效地解決問題。自然數(shù)碼奇象記憶有兩次“捆綁”:(1)從1開始至100的有序數(shù)字與其相似物象的牢固捆綁,形成有順序的數(shù)序形象掛鉤;(2)數(shù)序形象掛鉤與識記材料的數(shù)序奇象或諧音奇象捆綁,有利于顯著提高有關(guān)材料的記憶效率。前人的行為研究已表明奇象記憶法(NNMIM)能顯著提高人的記憶成績,近年來奇象記憶的研究也涉及到認(rèn)知神經(jīng)領(lǐng)域。張旭以抽象詞和具體詞為識記材料,研究了不同記憶方法在編碼階段的神經(jīng)機(jī)制;劉國艷以復(fù)雜數(shù)字(圓周率數(shù)字)為材料(屬于領(lǐng)域內(nèi)項(xiàng)目間聯(lián)結(jié)材料),研究了不同記憶方法在提取階段的神經(jīng)機(jī)制,他們的研究加深了人們對奇象記憶神經(jīng)機(jī)制的了解。然而,聯(lián)結(jié)材料和研究范式的不同,不同記憶方法的運(yùn)用會誘發(fā)何種ERP成分,有待研究。本研究使用事件相關(guān)電位技術(shù),以數(shù)字-化學(xué)元素名稱為材料(屬于跨領(lǐng)域項(xiàng)目間聯(lián)結(jié)記憶),以之探測不同記憶方法在提取階段的神經(jīng)機(jī)制。采用聯(lián)結(jié)再認(rèn)三鍵范式,2種記憶方法(機(jī)械記憶、奇象記憶)×3反應(yīng)類型(相同、重組、新)混合實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),考察大學(xué)生用兩種不同的記憶方法在提取階段的正確率、反應(yīng)時(shí)及神經(jīng)機(jī)制。主要結(jié)果如下:(1)奇象記憶組的正確率顯著高于機(jī)械記憶。(2)奇象記憶的反應(yīng)時(shí)低于機(jī)械記憶,且“新”的反應(yīng)時(shí)顯著低于“相同”和“重組”。(3)與奇象記憶相比,機(jī)械記憶誘發(fā)了更負(fù)N400波幅,且腦區(qū)分布更廣,表明機(jī)械記憶組被試進(jìn)行了更多的語義加工。(4)N700波幅的顯著性差異主要存在于中央頂區(qū)、頂區(qū)和枕區(qū),且從波形上可以看出,在奇象記憶條件下“相同”反應(yīng)在這幾個(gè)腦區(qū)誘發(fā)了顯著的N700。(5)“相同/重組”新舊效應(yīng)比“相同/新”新舊效應(yīng)和“重組/新”新舊效應(yīng)激活的腦區(qū)分布更廣,表明“相同/重組”新舊效應(yīng)有更明顯的回憶加工。
[Abstract]:Bundling is an important cognitive process. When people have a large amount of memory, a strong sequence of materials, complex materials, there is widespread forgetfulness, proactive and proactive suppression phenomenon, people can only feel the various characteristics of things into a whole, In order to be able to accurately extract information when needed, and effectively solve the problem. The natural digital odd image memory has twice been "bundled": 1) the ordered number from 1 to 100 is firmly tied to its similar object image, forming a sequenced digital image link / 2) the digital order image is tied to the digital odd image or the homophonic odd image of the memorizing material, and the digital order odd image or the homophonic odd image of the memorizing material are tied together. It is beneficial to improve the memory efficiency of related materials. Previous behavioral studies have shown that odd image memory (NNMIM) can significantly improve the performance of human memory. In recent years, the study of odd image memory also involves the field of cognitive nerve. Zhang Xu used abstract words and concrete words as memorizing materials to study the neural mechanism of different memory methods in coding stage. Liu Guoyan uses complex numbers (circular ratio figures) as materials (which belong to interproject materials in the field) to study the neural mechanism of different memory methods in the extraction stage. Their research has deepened the understanding of the neural mechanism of odd-image memory. However, what ERP components will be induced by the use of different memory methods with different connective materials and research paradigms remains to be studied. In this study, event-related potential technique was used to detect the neural mechanism of different memory methods in the extraction stage by using the names of digital-chemical elements as materials. Two memory methods (mechanical memory, odd image memory) 脳 3 reaction type (same, recombination, new) were used to study the accuracy of two different memory methods in the extraction stage of college students by using the associative recognition three bond paradigm and two kinds of memory methods (mechanical memory, odd image memory) 脳 3 reaction type (same, recombination, new). Reaction time and neural mechanism. The main results were as follows: (1) the correct rate of odd image memory group was significantly higher than that of mechanical memory. 2) the reaction time of odd image memory was significantly lower than that of mechanical memory, and the response time of "new" memory was significantly lower than that of "same" and "recombination". Mechanical memory induced more negative N400 amplitude and wider distribution of brain area, indicating that the significant difference of N700 amplitude was mainly found in the central parietal region, parietal region and occipital region in the mechanical memory group, and it could be seen from the waveform that there were significant differences in the amplitude of N400 wave in the central parietal region, parietal region and occipital region in the mechanical memory group. Under odd-like memory condition, the "same" response induced a significant N700. 5) the "same / recombination" effect was more widely distributed in these brain regions than the "same / new" effect and the "recombination / new" effect. The results showed that the new and old effects of "same / recombination" had more obvious recall processing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842.3

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本文編號：1901318