發(fā)布時間：2018-06-25 19:51

  本文選題：表達性 + 能動性　； 參考：《西南大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：社會認知的兩大基本維度包括表達性和能動性,是認知個體和群體的兩個重要內(nèi)容。這兩個維度反映了人類自古以來面臨的兩個核心挑戰(zhàn),表達性特質(zhì)關(guān)于社會接納與社會聯(lián)系,對于生存至關(guān)重要;能動性特質(zhì)關(guān)于自己的技能、競爭力和追求的目標,利于獲得機會。兩者是以認知內(nèi)容組織為核心,以闡釋社會認知的過程和結(jié)果為目的的重要主題領域,而現(xiàn)實威脅是對外群體感知的重要認知結(jié)果,所以表達性和能動性特質(zhì)在理論上能夠?qū)ΜF(xiàn)實威脅感產(chǎn)生影響。以往研究認為,在個體感知中,感知他人時表達性特質(zhì)優(yōu)先于能動性特質(zhì),而在感知自己時能動性特質(zhì)起到主導作用。由于群體感知與個體感知并不完全相同,且表達性和能動性特質(zhì)在群體感知中起到的作用存在不同結(jié)果,所以兩大社會認知基本維度對群體感知的影響仍需要進一步研究。整合群際威脅理論認為群際關(guān)系、環(huán)境因素和文化維度是影響外群體威脅感知的前因變量。其中情境因素中的群際互動、文化維度中外群體的文化特點等,與表達性特質(zhì)相關(guān);群際關(guān)系中的相對權(quán)力、文化維度中對權(quán)力地位的觀點等,與能動性特質(zhì)相關(guān),由此判斷社會認知基本維度可能對現(xiàn)實威脅感知產(chǎn)生影響。信息收集是社會認知的重要組成部分,也是進行現(xiàn)實威脅認知判斷的前提。以社會認知基本維度的二元分類為基本框架作為信息收集的基礎,通過評價判斷現(xiàn)實威脅所需要收集的表達性和能動性特質(zhì)信息的重要程度,從另一個角度探究社會認知基本維度對現(xiàn)實威脅感知的影響。本研究通過3個研究探討外群體的表達性和能動性特質(zhì)在現(xiàn)實威脅感知中的作用,對威脅感的判斷和信息收集的影響。預實驗通過開放性題目調(diào)查被試所知的社會群體,得到研究1所需要的社會階層的代表性群體和大眾熟知群體。研究1采用問卷法調(diào)查被試對預實驗得到的不同社會階層代表性群體和大眾熟知群體的評價,包括這些群體的表達性特質(zhì)、能動性特質(zhì)和現(xiàn)實威脅感。被試來自不同的社會階層以平衡地位對外群體特質(zhì)感知的影響。從群體和個體兩個角度對數(shù)據(jù)進行分析,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)表達性和能動性特質(zhì)都能預測現(xiàn)實威脅感,但是作用不同,當外群體的表達性特質(zhì)越低,能動性特質(zhì)越高時,對其威脅感知越強烈。研究2采用最簡群體范式,通過實驗方法操縱外群體的表達性和能動性特質(zhì),探討被試對外群體現(xiàn)實威脅感知的影響。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)外群體的表達性和能動性特質(zhì)對現(xiàn)實威脅感知的主效應均顯著�？贪逵∠髢�(nèi)容模型認為通過表達性特質(zhì)判斷他人是否有意圖構(gòu)成傷害,低表達性特質(zhì)的外群體更容易有傷害的意圖。能動性特質(zhì)能夠預測社會經(jīng)濟地位和權(quán)力,所以高能動性特質(zhì)的群體更容易引發(fā)現(xiàn)實威脅。研究1和研究2的結(jié)果說明,表達性和能動性特質(zhì)均對外群體的現(xiàn)實威脅感知產(chǎn)生重要影響。研究3從群際感知的信息收集角度探究當被試判斷外群體是否構(gòu)成威脅時,對表達性和能動性特質(zhì)信息的收集程度。被試首先完成對西南大學的群體認同問卷,閱讀一份外群體成員的材料后完成不同感知目標下的特質(zhì)詞評價任務,感知目標包括現(xiàn)實威脅、象征威脅和整體印象形成。實驗結(jié)果表明對現(xiàn)實威脅感知時能動性信息的收集更重要,并且在現(xiàn)實威脅情景下能動性信息的收集比另兩種情景更重要。研究3結(jié)果說明,在感知現(xiàn)實威脅的信息收集階段,外群體表達性和能動性特質(zhì)信息均是重要的加工信息,并且威脅情景下對能動性信息收集更多。本研究證明了外群體社會認知基本維度在現(xiàn)實威脅判斷和信息收集過程中起到的重要作用。在對外群體的現(xiàn)實威脅感知判斷中,外群體的表達性和能動性特質(zhì)均產(chǎn)生影響且方向相反,表達性特質(zhì)越高對其現(xiàn)實威脅感知越弱,能動性特質(zhì)越高對其現(xiàn)實威脅感知越強。
[Abstract]:The two basic dimensions of social cognition include expressiveness and activism, which are the two important contents of cognitive individuals and groups. These two dimensions reflect the two core challenges that human beings have faced since ancient times. The expressive characteristics of social acceptance and social connection, the vital importance of survival, and the competitiveness of the dynamic characteristics of their own skills and competitiveness. And the goal of pursuit is beneficial to the opportunity. Both are the important subject areas with cognitive content organization as the core, to explain the process and result of social cognition, and the real threat is an important cognitive result of external group perception, so the expressiveness and activism can affect the realistic sense of threat in the past. It is believed that in individual perception, the expressive trait of perceiving others is preferable to the activity trait, while the activity trait plays a dominant role in perceiving itself. As group perception is not exactly the same as individual perception, the role of expressiveness and activism in group perception has different results, so two social cognition The impact of the basic dimension on group perception still needs to be further studied. The intergroup threat theory believes that intergroup relations, environmental factors and cultural dimensions are the antecedents affecting the perception of external group threat. Among them, intergroup interaction in situational factors, cultural dimensions of Chinese and foreign groups in cultural dimensions and so on are related to expressive characteristics; The relative power, the view of the status of power in the cultural dimension and so on, related to the dynamic character, thus judging the basic dimension of social cognition may have an impact on the real threat perception. Information collection is an important part of social cognition, and is also the prerequisite for the cognitive judgment of the real threat. The two yuan classification of the basic social cognition dimension is classified. The basic framework, as the basis for information collection, explores the impact of the basic dimensions of social cognition on real threat perception from another perspective by evaluating the importance of the expressiveness and activeness information needed to be collected to judge a realistic threat. This study explores the expressiveness and dynamic characteristics of external groups in reality through 3 studies. The effect of threat perception, on the judgment of the sense of threat and the influence of the information collection. The pre experiment, through an open question, investigates the social groups known by the subjects, and obtains the representative and popular groups of social strata that are needed in the study of 1. The study 1 uses a questionnaire to investigate the representative groups of different social strata obtained by the pre experiment. The evaluation of the body and the public is well known, including the expressiveness, the dynamic trait and the real threat of these groups. The subjects come from different social strata to balance the influence of the perception of external group traits. The analysis of the data from two angles of the group and the individual results in the results that the expressiveness and the dynamic characteristics can predict the reality. Stress, but the effect is different, when the expressive trait of the outside group is lower, the higher the activity trait is, the stronger the perceived threat is. Study 2 uses the simplest group paradigm to manipulate the expressiveness and activity characteristics of the external population through the experimental method, and explore the influence of the perceived threat of external groups. The stereotype content model holds that the external group of the low expressive trait is more likely to have harmful intentions. The dynamic trait can predict the social and economic position and power, so the group of high dynamic traits can be used as a group. The results of study 1 and Study 2 show that both expressiveness and activism have important effects on the perceived threat perception of external groups. From the perspective of intergroup perception information collection, study 3 explores the degree of collection of expressiveness and dynamic trait information when the subjects are judged to be a threat to the external group. First complete the group identification questionnaire to Southwestern University, read a group of outside group members and complete the evaluation task of idiosyncratic words under different perceived goals. The perception targets include the real threat, the symbolic threat and the overall impression. The experimental results show that the collection of dynamic information is more important and the real threat is in the real threat. The collection of dynamic information is more important than the other two scenarios. Study 3 shows that in the information gathering stage of perceived realistic threats, the expressiveness and dynamic characteristics of external groups are important processing information, and more of the activity information is collected under the threat scenario. This study proves the basic dimension of social cognition of the external group. In the realistic threat judgment and information collection process, the expressiveness and activity trait of the external group are all affected and the direction is opposite in the real threat perception judgment of the external group. The higher the expressive trait is, the weaker the perceived threat is, the higher the higher the dynamic character is, the stronger the perceived threat to the real threat.
【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B848

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前6條

1 韓夢霏;Oscar Ybarra;畢重增;;社會認知基本維度中文形容詞詞庫的建立[J];西南大學學報(自然科學版);2015年08期

2 鄭鴿;畢重增;趙玉芳;;群際威脅與社會認知基本維度自我肯定對自我評價的影響[J];心理科學;2015年04期

3 陳麗澧;趙玉芳;;低經(jīng)濟地位大學生對“富二代”印象的調(diào)查研究[J];西南農(nóng)業(yè)大學學報(社會科學版);2013年01期

4 李宏利;王燕;;進化動機影響社會認知的一般特點及過程[J];心理科學進展;2011年10期

5 張ZM;馮江平;王二平;;群際威脅的分類及其對群體偏見的影響[J];心理科學進展;2009年02期

6 邢淑芬,俞國良;社會比較研究的現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展趨勢[J];心理科學進展;2005年01期

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前3條

1 王會娜;群際威脅情境下弱勢群體的自我評價研究[D];西南大學;2015年

2 楊^，

本文編號：2067281