發(fā)布時間：2018-10-16 21:54

【摘要】：近年來,我國的刑事犯罪率逐年攀升,對我國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)造成了巨大的經(jīng)濟損失,嚴(yán)重的影響了社會的安全穩(wěn)定。重新犯罪作為一種特殊的犯罪類型,是拉高犯罪率的主要因素之一。因此,充分了解重新犯罪人的人格特征、情緒變化,對其進行有針對性的教育改造和心理矯治,從監(jiān)獄的角度做好降低重新犯罪率的工作,是目前監(jiān)獄工作的重要課題。圍繞這一目標(biāo),我們進行了如下的三個研究： 研究一,對2000名研究對象的入獄原始記錄資料進行歸類、統(tǒng)計分析,比較重新犯罪與初犯在文化程度、捕前職業(yè)、犯罪類型、刑期、作案方式、獄內(nèi)表現(xiàn)等方面的差異,結(jié)果顯示：初犯和重新犯罪均顯示低文化高犯罪率的趨勢,就重新犯罪率而言,文盲、小學(xué)文化程度的顯著增加。刑釋人員就業(yè)(包括職業(yè)技能和就業(yè)機會)對重新犯罪是一個不可忽視的影響因素；財產(chǎn)型和涉毒型的重新犯罪率升高；團伙作案和團伙主犯的比例增加；未能肯定獄內(nèi)表現(xiàn)與重新犯罪有必然聯(lián)系。 研究二,研究對象為2010年到2013年入獄,暴力型、財產(chǎn)型、涉毒型的重新犯罪人,選擇同一時期入獄、經(jīng)過犯罪類型和年齡配對的初犯作為對比的對象。運用《中國罪犯心理測試個性分測驗》(COPA-PI)對罪犯進行測試。用SPSS19.0進行兩因素方差分析,結(jié)果顯示重新犯罪人在內(nèi)外傾、情緒穩(wěn)定性、同眾性、沖動性、報復(fù)性、信任感、同情心、自信心、焦慮感、聰慧性、心理變態(tài)傾向、犯罪思維模式與初犯組有顯著差異。不同犯罪類型在情緒穩(wěn)定性、同眾性、沖動性、攻擊性、信任感上有顯著差異,其中暴力型和涉毒型之間的差異最明顯。在攻擊性和信任感上,財產(chǎn)型和暴力型沒有明顯差異。 研究三,2013年2月至6月,陸續(xù)選取符合條件的新入獄罪犯,按犯罪組和犯罪類型配對,每組120人,共計240個被試,進行第一次艾森克情緒穩(wěn)定性測驗。一年后重測,了解不同犯罪組、不同犯罪類型入獄時和入獄一年后的情緒變化差異。運用SPSS19.0軟件進行兩因素方差分析,結(jié)果顯示：盡管入獄初期,所有罪犯的自卑、抑郁、焦慮、強迫性、自主性、疑病癥和自罪感都明顯偏離了常模,但重新犯罪組無論是入獄初期還是入獄一年后,情緒都比初犯組穩(wěn)定,情緒變化相對沒有初犯組明顯。犯罪類型之間情緒狀態(tài)的差異,主要集中在抑郁、焦慮、自主性上,表現(xiàn)為暴力型比財產(chǎn)型、涉毒型更加焦慮和抑郁,涉毒型的情緒最穩(wěn)定。財產(chǎn)型常缺乏自主性、易受到他人的擺布。 最后,根據(jù)研究結(jié)果提出了監(jiān)獄教育和心理矯治的對策,并從研究方法和設(shè)計角度反思了本研究的不足,提出了今后研究的設(shè)想。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the criminal crime rate of our country has been rising year by year, which has caused huge economic loss to the modernization construction of our country, and has seriously affected the social security and stability. As a special type of crime, reoffending is one of the main factors to increase the crime rate. Therefore, it is an important task for the prison to fully understand the personality characteristics and emotional changes of the re-offenders, to carry out targeted educational reform and psychological correction, and to do a good job in reducing the recidivism rate from the point of view of the prison. Around this goal, we conducted the following three studies: first, we classified the original prison records of 2000 subjects, analyzed them statistically, compared the education level and the pre-arrest occupation of the reoffending and the first offenders. The results show that the first and second offenses all show the trend of low education and high crime rate. In terms of recidivism, illiteracy and primary school education level increase significantly. Employment of released prisoners (including vocational skills and employment opportunities) is a factor that cannot be ignored for re-offending; property and drug-related recidivism increases; the proportion of gang delinquents and gang perpetrators increases; There is an inevitable link between behavior and reoffending in prison. In the second study, the subjects of the study were re-offenders who were imprisoned from 2010 to 2013, violent, property-type, drug-related, and chose the first offenders who had been matched by the crime type and age in the same period as the objects of comparison. The Chinese Criminal Psychological Test Personality Test (COPA-PI) was used to test the criminals. Two-factor ANOVA with SPSS19.0 showed that the reoffenders were introverted, emotionally stable, homogeneity, impulsive, retaliatory, trusting, compassionate, confident, anxious, intelligent, psychopathic. There are significant differences between the crime thinking mode and the first crime group. There are significant differences in emotional stability, homogeneity, impulsiveness, aggression and trust among different types of crime, among which the difference between violent type and drug-related type is the most obvious. There was no significant difference in aggression and trust between property and violence. In the third study, from February to June, 2013, the eligible new prisoners were selected one after another, who were matched according to the crime group and the type of crime, each group of 120 people, a total of 240 subjects, to carry out the first Eysenck emotional stability test. A year later, we re-tested the mood changes of different crime groups, different types of crime, and one year in prison. The results of the two-factor ANOVA using SPSS19.0 software showed that: in the early days of prison, all criminals' inferiority, depression, anxiety, compulsion, autonomy, hypochondria and self-guilt were significantly deviated from the norm. But the reoffending group was more stable than the first offender group in terms of early imprisonment or a year in prison, and the emotional change was not as obvious as that in the first offender group. The difference of emotional state between crime types mainly focuses on depression anxiety and autonomy. It shows that the violent type is more anxious and depressed than the property type and the drug-related type is the most stable. Property types often lack autonomy and are easily manipulated by others. Finally, according to the results of the study, the author puts forward the countermeasures of prison education and psychological correction, reflects on the shortcomings of this study from the perspective of research methods and design, and puts forward a tentative plan for future research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B848

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