發(fā)布時間：2018-05-28 21:05

  本文選題：黑羽番鴨 + 肉用性狀��； 參考：《揚州大學》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：本研究以江蘇農(nóng)牧科技職業(yè)學院培育的黑羽番鴨為試驗素材,開展了黑羽番鴨血液生化指標與產(chǎn)肉性能的關聯(lián)分析;以黑素皮質(zhì)素受體1(melanocortin-1 receptor,MC1R)和黑素皮質(zhì)素受體4(melanocortin-4receptor,MC4R)為候選基因,采用PCR-SSCP分析和直接測序法,開展了分子遺傳多樣性分析;利用RT-PCR技術和Western Blot方法分析了MC4R基因在黑羽番鴨不同生長時期胸肌、腿肌組織中mRNA和蛋白表達差異,初步揭示MC4R基因在黑羽番鴨不同時期肌肉中的遺傳規(guī)律。主要研究結果如下:1.對13周齡黑羽番鴨生產(chǎn)性能指標進行檢測,公母黑羽番鴨的7個體尺指標均存在顯著差異(P0.05);宰前活重和全凈膛率公番鴨(3.2 Kg,79.6%)顯著高于母番鴨(1.9 Kg,76.2%)(P0.05);常規(guī)肉品質(zhì)指標在公母間差異不顯著(P0.05);風味氨基酸含量測定中母番鴨丙氨酸含量顯著高于公番鴨(P0.05)。2.高產(chǎn)期籠養(yǎng)組和平養(yǎng)組黑羽番鴨公母鴨血清生化指標檢測結果表明,母鴨天冬氨酸轉氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸轉氨酶(ALT)活性和肌酐含量籠養(yǎng)組顯著低于平養(yǎng)組(P0.05),堿性磷酸酶(ALP)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性籠養(yǎng)組顯著高于平養(yǎng)組(P0.05);公鴨平養(yǎng)組血清中AST、UA、SOD活性顯著高于籠養(yǎng)組(P0.05),ALP顯著低于籠養(yǎng)組(P0.05),睪酮(TES)含量極顯著低于籠養(yǎng)組(P0.01)。表明不同飼養(yǎng)方式對黑羽番鴨血清生化指標有一定影響。3.黑羽番鴨公鴨產(chǎn)肉性能、肉品質(zhì)以及血液生化指標進行關聯(lián)分析,產(chǎn)肉性狀與肉品質(zhì)性狀間的相關系數(shù)達顯著水平(P0.05),占兩組性狀間總相關信息的35.4%;產(chǎn)肉性狀與血清生化性狀間的相關系數(shù)達極顯著水平(P0.01),占兩組性狀間總相關信息的48.6%;肉品質(zhì)性狀與血清生化性狀相關系數(shù)達顯著水平(P0.05),占兩組性狀間總相關信息的20.3%。表明產(chǎn)肉性狀、肉品質(zhì)性狀、血液生化性狀間,起主要作用的性狀為半凈膛重、全凈膛重、pH、失水率和堿性磷酸酶。4.黑羽番鴨MC4R基因編碼區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)C645T、G672A突變;公番鴨在初生、10周齡、13周齡時TTGG型和CTAG型的體重顯著性高于CCAG型體重(P0.05),CCGG型僅在13周齡時體重顯著低于TTGG型(P0.05),其他基因型之間體重無顯著性差異(P0.05)。公番鴨TTGG型宰前活重顯著性高于CCAG型、CCGG型(P0.05);半凈膛重、全凈膛重顯著性高于CCGG型(P0.05)。CCAG型和TTGG型胸肌重顯著性高于CCGG型、CTAG型和CTGG型(P0.05);CCGG型胸肌率顯著低于其他基因型(P0.05)。母鴨體重、屠宰性能指標在不同基因型間均無顯著性差異(P0.05)。表明MC4R基因?qū)�黑羽番鴨公鴨早期體重和屠宰性能有明顯的影響作用。5.黑羽番鴨MC1R基因編碼區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)G274A、G279A和C485A突變,在第279處的G-A突變中白羽番鴨僅有GG型,而全黑番鴨群體都以GA、AA型存在;全白番鴨與其他3個番鴨群體之間卡方值最大,推測此位點對番鴨的羽色影響較大。6.對0-13周齡黑羽番鴨胸肌和腿肌MC4R基因mRNA動態(tài)表達水平進行檢測,初生黑羽番鴨的mRNA含量顯著高于其他各周齡(P0.05),同一性別、同一肌肉組織樣中mRNA含量均存在顯著差異(P0.05),且總體上mRNA含量是先下降后趨于平穩(wěn);Western blot檢測結果表明,13周齡公番鴨胸肌組織MC4R基因蛋白表達顯著低于腿肌(P0.05),母番鴨胸肌組織MC4R基因蛋白表達高于于腿肌(P0.05);公番鴨胸肌MC4R基因蛋白表達總體上要低于母番鴨。蛋白表達與mRNA表達結果有差異,MC4R基因表達規(guī)律不明顯。
[Abstract]:In this study, the relationship between the blood biochemical indexes and meat production performance of black feather Muscovy ducks, cultivated by Jiangsu agricultural and animal husbandry science and technology Career Academy, was carried out. The candidate genes were melanocortin receptor 1 (melanocortin-1 receptor, MC1R) and melanocortin receptor 4 (melanocortin-4receptor, MC4R), and PCR-SSCP analysis was used. The genetic diversity analysis was carried out by direct sequencing, and the difference of mRNA and protein expression of MC4R gene in the breast and leg muscle tissues of black feather muscovy duck was analyzed by RT-PCR and Western Blot methods. The genetic rules of MC4R gene in the muscle of black feather Muscovy ducks at different periods were preliminarily revealed. The main results were as follows: 1. to 13 The performance indexes of the week old black feather Muscovy ducks were detected, and there were significant differences (P0.05) in the 7 size indexes of the male and female Muscovy ducks. The live weight before the slaughter and the full chamber rate male Muscovy ducks (3.2 Kg, 79.6%) were significantly higher than the female Muscovy ducks (1.9 Kg, 76.2%) (P0.05); the conventional meat quality indexes were not significantly different between the male and female (P0.05), and the determination of the content of the flavor amino acids was the mother. The content of alanine in Muscovy ducks was significantly higher than that of male and Muscovy duck (P0.05).2.. The results of serum biochemical indexes of black duck and Muscovy Duck in the high production period of P0.05.2. group showed that the activity of alanine aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and creatinine content in the cage group were significantly lower than that of the flat feed group (P0.05), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and superoxide dismutase (S). OD) the active cage group was significantly higher than that of the flat feed group (P0.05), and the activity of AST, UA and SOD in the serum of the duck flat breeding group was significantly higher than that in the cage group (P0.05), ALP was significantly lower than that of the cage group (P0.05), and the content of testosterone (TES) was significantly lower than that in the cage group (P0.01). The correlation coefficient between meat quality and blood biochemical indexes was analyzed. The correlation coefficient between meat quality and meat quality traits reached significant level (P0.05), which accounted for 35.4% of the total correlation information between two groups of traits. The correlation coefficient between meat producing traits and serum biochemical characters was very significant (P0.01), accounting for 48.6% of the total correlation information between two groups of traits; meat quality. The correlation coefficient of the characters and serum biochemical characters reached a significant level (P0.05), and the 20.3%. of the total correlation information between the two groups showed that the characters of meat production, meat quality and blood biochemical characters were half net weight, full net weight, pH, water loss rate and MC4R gene coding region of black feather muscovy duck with alkaline phosphatase, C645T, G672A process. The weight of TTGG type and CTAG type of Muscovy ducks was significantly higher than that of type CCAG (P0.05) at the age of 10 weeks and 13 weeks of age. The body weight of CCGG type was significantly lower than TTGG (P0.05) at 13 weeks old, and there was no significant difference in weight between other genotypes (P0.05). The significance of the live weight of male Muscovy ducks was higher than that of CCAG, CCGG (P0.05), and half clean weight. The significant weight of net weight was higher than that of type CCGG (P0.05).CCAG and TTGG type, which was significantly higher than that of CCGG, CTAG and CTGG (P0.05), and the percentage of CCGG type pectoral muscle was significantly lower than that of other genotypes (P0.05). Slaughter performance has obvious effect on.5. black feather muscovy duck MC1R gene coding region to find G274A, G279A and C485A mutation. In the 279th G-A mutation, white feather muscovy duck is only GG type, and all black muscovy duck population is GA, AA type, and all White Muscovy duck and other 3 Muscovy ducks have the largest square value. It is presumed that this site has a great influence on the feather color of Muscovy duck. The dynamic expression level of MC4R gene mRNA in the chest and leg muscles of 0-13 weeks old black feather Muscovy ducks was detected. The mRNA content of the primary black feather muscovy duck was significantly higher than that of the other weeks (P0.05). The same sex, the mRNA content in the same muscle tissue was significantly different (P0.05), and the total mRNA content was first descended and then tended to be stable; Western blot was detected. The results showed that the expression of MC4R gene protein in the breast muscle tissue of 13 weeks old Muscovy ducks was significantly lower than that of the leg muscle (P0.05). The expression of MC4R gene protein in the Muscovy duck breast muscle was higher than that of the leg muscle (P0.05). The expression of MC4R gene protein in the Muscovy duck breast muscle was lower than that of the Muscovy duck. The expression of the protein expression was different from the mRNA expression, and the expression of MC4R gene was not obvious.
【學位授予單位】：揚州大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S834

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本文編號：1948183