發(fā)布時間：2018-01-28 03:44

  本文關鍵詞： 食感 擬聲擬態(tài)詞 日語教育　出處：《北京外國語大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：由于日語中的形容詞較為貧乏,在具體描述事物的性狀、狀態(tài)、口感、味道時常常用擬聲擬態(tài)詞進行修飾描寫,于是形成了較為發(fā)達的擬聲擬態(tài)詞系統(tǒng)。日本電視節(jié)目中美食節(jié)目和電視廣告中與食物有關的擬聲擬態(tài)詞層出不窮,而我國的日語課本中擬聲擬態(tài)詞的學習卻極少,因此這一難題始終困擾著日語學習者。為了解決這些問題,本論文以“體現(xiàn)食物感覺的擬聲擬態(tài)詞”為研究對象,希望能管中窺豹深入地研究日語擬聲擬態(tài)詞的特點。 擬聲擬態(tài)詞之所以會成為我們學習日語的難點之一。究其原因,一是其數(shù)量眾多,形式多樣,接續(xù)也不拘一格；二是由于中國學習者并不生活在日本,很難體會到日語擬聲擬態(tài)詞所描摹事物的形狀及狀態(tài)感覺究竟如何。對于第一個問題,本論文將在第三章中用例句和圖表等形式對日語的接續(xù)方式和在句子中的作用進行解說,對于第二個問題,本論文將盡量對文中的例句進行詳細分析和解釋,另外,作為今后的課題,也將對附錄進行完善,附上中文解釋。 本論文的分析對象詞語的選定標準如下。首先以“體現(xiàn)食物感覺的擬聲擬態(tài)詞”為研究對象,以日語詞匯學為理論指導,根據(jù)日語擬聲擬態(tài)詞的定義和食物的評判標準,確定了作為研究對象的描寫食物的擬聲擬態(tài)詞的基本條件。然后,依據(jù)此條件,通過辭典,語料庫及文獻資料收集了大量符合條件的詞匯,在進行分類整理后,排除了一些陳舊,重復的詞語,經(jīng)過篩選和再確認后,最終建立了由119個體現(xiàn)食物特性的擬聲擬態(tài)詞組成的數(shù)據(jù)庫。該數(shù)據(jù)庫中每個詞語都配以解釋說明,并有例句作為支持(見附錄)。根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)庫中的數(shù)據(jù)資料,將日語有關食感的擬聲擬態(tài)詞按照語義和使用方法對數(shù)據(jù)進行分類整理,總結出其特征和使用規(guī)律。 根據(jù)以上分析,初步可以得出以下結論： 1.從詞語的形態(tài)上來看,人們在使用日語擬聲擬態(tài)詞時,會根據(jù)場合,突出強調(diào)的需要,在詞中適當?shù)靥砑訐芤?長音或促音。可見,擬聲擬態(tài)詞的使用并不拘泥于一定的語法和形態(tài)形式,而是多變的,隨意的。 2.在詞語的使用上,日語的擬聲擬態(tài)詞大體分為連用修飾,連體修飾和文末表現(xiàn)三類,但在實際使用中,一個詞語并不拘泥于一種使用形式,部分詞語有時也會按照形容詞,或形容動詞的方式接續(xù)。 3.描摹食物感覺的擬聲擬態(tài)詞中,有的詞是跨域的,即可以同時表示兩種以上的感覺。 4.描寫食物的粘稠感和食物在口腔內(nèi)咀嚼產(chǎn)生的口感及嚼勁的詞語較多,且多為褒義詞,這和日本人喜愛的食物的性質(zhì)有密切的關系。在學習日語的擬聲擬態(tài)詞時,不僅要掌握其含義及語法規(guī)律,還應在理解,掌握并正確使用日語擬聲擬態(tài)詞的基礎上,創(chuàng)造性地靈活運用,才能使日語文章和日常會話表達得更加貼切生動。
[Abstract]:Because the adjectives in Japanese are relatively poor, they often use onomatopoeia to describe the characters, state, taste and taste of things. Therefore, a more developed onomatopoeia system was formed. In Japanese television programs, food programs and television advertisements related to food onomatopoeia words emerge one after another. However, the study of onomatopoeia in Chinese Japanese textbooks is very few, so this difficult problem has always troubled Japanese learners. In order to solve these problems. In this paper, we study the mimicry words of food sensation, and hope to study the characteristics of Japanese onomatopoeia in depth. The reason why onomatopoeia becomes one of the difficulties in learning Japanese is that the number of onomatopoeia is numerous, the form is diverse, and the continuity is not fixed. Second, because Chinese learners do not live in Japan, it is difficult to understand the shape and state of things described by Japanese onomatopoeia. In the third chapter, examples and charts are used to explain the continuity of Japanese and its role in sentences. For the second question, this thesis will try to analyze and explain the examples in detail. In addition, as a future topic, the appendix will be perfected, with Chinese explanation attached. The target words of this thesis are chosen as follows. Firstly, the "mimicatopoeia words reflecting food sensation" is taken as the research object, and Japanese lexicology is taken as the theoretical guide. According to the definition of Japanese onomatopoeia and the criteria of food evaluation, this paper determines the basic conditions of onomatopoeia describing food as the object of study. Then, according to this condition, the dictionary is adopted. Corpus and literature collected a large number of qualified words, after sorting out some old, repetitive words, after screening and reconfirmation. Finally, a database consisting of 119 onomatopoeia words embodying food characteristics was established, in which each word was accompanied by explanatory explanations. According to the data in the database, the Japanese onomatopoeia words about the sense of food are classified and sorted according to the semantic and usage methods. Summarize its characteristic and use law. Based on the above analysis, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1. In terms of the morphology of words, when people use Japanese onomatopoeia words, they will add dial, long or accelerated sound to the words according to the situation and the highlighted needs. The use of onomatopoeia is not confined to certain grammatical and morphological forms, but changeable and random. 2. In the use of words, Japanese onomatopoeia words can be divided into three categories: conjunctive modification, conjunctive modification and final representation, but in practical use, a word is not restricted to one form of use. Some words sometimes follow adjectives or verbs. 3. In onomatopoeia words that describe food sensation, some words are cross-domain, that is to say, two or more sensations can be expressed at the same time. 4. There are many words describing the viscous feeling of food and the taste and chewiness produced by food chewing in the mouth, and most of them are commendatory words. This is closely related to the nature of the Japanese favorite food. In learning Japanese onomatopoeia, we should not only grasp its meaning and grammatical rules, but also understand it. On the basis of mastering and correctly using Japanese onomatopoeia words and using them creatively and flexibly, Japanese articles and daily conversation can be expressed more vividly.
【學位授予單位】：北京外國語大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：H36

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：1469673