發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-20 04:52

  本文選題：熟人雙重關(guān)系 + 心理咨詢與治療　； 參考：《南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究意義與目的 在民眾巨大心理服務(wù)需求與國(guó)家重視的推動(dòng)下,我國(guó)心理咨詢與治療的發(fā)展邁入職業(yè)化進(jìn)程。專業(yè)倫理建設(shè)是心理咨詢與治療職業(yè)化深入推進(jìn)的關(guān)鍵,其中熟人雙重關(guān)系是我國(guó)專業(yè)倫理建設(shè)中面臨的突出問題。2007年頒布的《臨床與咨詢心理學(xué)工作倫理守則(第一版)》中明確規(guī)定避免與尋求專業(yè)服務(wù)者發(fā)生雙重關(guān)系,而國(guó)內(nèi)已有研究數(shù)據(jù)顯示我國(guó)心理咨詢與治療中熟人雙重關(guān)系的發(fā)生率高,超過1/3的心理咨詢與治療師曾為親戚、朋友、鄰居、師生、同事、同學(xué)和同鄉(xiāng)等熟人提供過咨詢與治療,這意味著他們所服務(wù)的來訪者的權(quán)益和福祉很可能沒有得到很好的保障。同時(shí)也有研究指出以西方倫理守則為參考依據(jù)的現(xiàn)有倫理規(guī)定與我國(guó)文化特征不符合,指導(dǎo)與評(píng)估我國(guó)心理咨詢與治療師的行為的作用不大。因此,需要對(duì)我國(guó)文化背景和現(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境下的熟人雙重關(guān)系進(jìn)行深入的研究,以期解決目前心理咨詢與治療師在熟人雙重關(guān)系的實(shí)際行為和現(xiàn)有倫理規(guī)定沖突的困局。 本研究旨在立足于我國(guó)文化背景及從業(yè)現(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境,對(duì)我國(guó)心理咨詢與治療實(shí)踐中的熟人雙重關(guān)系進(jìn)行整體性探究,呈現(xiàn)當(dāng)前我國(guó)心理咨詢與治療中的熟人雙重關(guān)系現(xiàn)狀及其影響,分析其存在的原因及影響因素,歸納我國(guó)心理咨詢與治療師對(duì)其的應(yīng)對(duì)策略�；�于本研究結(jié)果,從我國(guó)文化的視角對(duì)熟人雙重關(guān)系的發(fā)生與發(fā)展過程進(jìn)行解讀,構(gòu)建與我國(guó)文化相契合的熟人雙重關(guān)系倫理文化適應(yīng)決策模型,為現(xiàn)有倫理守則的修訂提供具體的建議。 對(duì)象與方法 1.研究方法 由于熟人雙重關(guān)系的復(fù)雜性和情境性,本研究采用了質(zhì)性研究方法。 2.抽樣方法和研究對(duì)象 本研究采用質(zhì)性研究中目的性抽樣,選取綜合醫(yī)院心理科、精神病專科醫(yī)院、大學(xué)和中學(xué)的心理咨詢與治療中心等機(jī)構(gòu)的心理咨詢與治療師為研究對(duì)象,根據(jù)研究目的以及借鑒以往研究結(jié)果,將研究對(duì)象的納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)定為：①獲得國(guó)家心理咨詢師三級(jí)資格證,或注冊(cè)心理咨詢師資格,或精神科醫(yī)生從業(yè)資格；②從事心理咨詢與治療工作五年及以上。本研究采用質(zhì)性研究中最常使用的基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)——“信息飽和”來確定樣本量,即在納入新的樣本時(shí),不再有新的信息出現(xiàn),即可停止抽樣。本研究抽到10人時(shí)信息達(dá)到飽和,停止抽樣。 3.研究工具 本研究工具主要包括：一是在前期文獻(xiàn)研究的基礎(chǔ)上根據(jù)研究目的研制的訪談提綱,用于半結(jié)構(gòu)化訪談中資料的收集；二是研究知情同意書,在訪談前讓受訪者簽署；三是錄音工具,事先征得受訪者同意用于訪談全程錄音；四是根據(jù)研究過程的心得與反思寫成的研究札記,作為資料分析的參考。 4.資料分析 將訪談資料逐字謄錄,反復(fù)聽錄音與逐字謄錄稿,對(duì)訪談資料進(jìn)行類屬分析與情境分析。 結(jié)果 1.心理咨詢與治療師都接觸過“雙重關(guān)系”的基本倫理概念,他們對(duì)主張“避免熟人雙重關(guān)系”倫理規(guī)定的態(tài)度存在很大分歧,從非常贊成到非常不贊成均有之,大多受訪者對(duì)熟人雙重關(guān)系的態(tài)度存在矛盾性,一方面認(rèn)為原則上應(yīng)該避免,另一方面認(rèn)為實(shí)際上難以避免。 2.絕大部分心理咨詢與治療師都遇到過學(xué)生、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、同事、朋友、同學(xué)、親戚等熟人前來尋求專業(yè)心理幫助,也曾為這些熟人提過心理咨詢與治療。 3.心理咨詢與治療師對(duì)熟人雙重關(guān)系之所以普遍存在的解讀——咨訪雙方對(duì)“關(guān)系”的高度重視和心理咨詢與治療師肩負(fù)多重身份與角色是關(guān)鍵。 4.心理咨詢與治療師和來訪者所建立的熟人雙重關(guān)系中,熟人關(guān)系可分為直接型和間接型,專業(yè)關(guān)系可分為指導(dǎo)型、真實(shí)型以及移情型。除了直接型熟人關(guān)系和移情型專業(yè)關(guān)系是不匹配之外,其他的熟人關(guān)系和專業(yè)關(guān)系在一定條件下均有可能是匹配的。即心理咨詢與治療師為有頻繁接觸的直接熟人提供深入的潛意識(shí)層面的咨詢與治療(如心理動(dòng)力學(xué)取向的心理咨詢與治療)是不恰當(dāng)?shù)?而為接觸較少的間接熟人提供深入的潛意識(shí)層面的咨詢與治療(如心理動(dòng)力學(xué)取向的心理咨詢與治療)在一定條件下是合適的,同時(shí)為間接或直接熟人提供首次診斷性訪談或較淺的意識(shí)層面的咨詢與治療(如認(rèn)知與行為層面的指導(dǎo)、情緒層面的宣泄)也是合適的。 5.熟人雙重關(guān)系的利弊影響主要存在兩個(gè)特點(diǎn)：①?gòu)恼�體來看,熟人雙重關(guān)系既存有益的影響,具體包括使熟人來訪者獲得一般咨詢與治療(即沒有熟人雙重關(guān)系的咨詢與治療)中有益的心理幫助和改變,以及對(duì)咨詢與治療的促進(jìn)作用；也存在有害的影響,具體包括使來訪者沒有獲得理想的心理幫助及存在被利用或威脅的可能性、使咨詢與治療師在精力和時(shí)間上的沖突加劇和容易產(chǎn)生情感上疲勞、使咨訪雙方的原有熟人關(guān)系遭到損害。②從單個(gè)個(gè)案來看,熟人雙重關(guān)系的影響可分為有利無害、既有利也有害、有害無利這三種情況。 6.導(dǎo)致熟人雙重產(chǎn)生不利影響的7個(gè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素分別為：①角色沖突；②咨訪雙方角色定位模糊；③心理咨詢與治療界限設(shè)置的不規(guī)范；④心理咨詢與治療師對(duì)保密的重視程度不足；⑤心理咨詢與治療師專業(yè)倫理敏感性低；⑥專業(yè)倫理技能缺乏,⑦專業(yè)勝任力不足。 7.資深心理咨詢與治療師為熟人咨詢與治療中較常采用的7個(gè)應(yīng)對(duì)策略：①為了關(guān)系的和諧,都會(huì)首先答應(yīng)熟人來訪者的請(qǐng)求；②為了保障來訪者福祉,綜合評(píng)估后再?zèng)Q定提供怎樣的心理幫助；③清晰而明確地定位雙方角色；④主動(dòng)向來訪者強(qiáng)調(diào)和說明保密原則,面對(duì)主動(dòng)前來打探情況的熟人僅談心理健康常識(shí),不談具體細(xì)節(jié)；⑤建立和維持有彈性的心理咨詢與治療界限設(shè)置；⑥在咨詢與治療過程中保持中立和判斷的準(zhǔn)確性：⑦普及心理咨詢與治療專業(yè)倫理,提前規(guī)避熟人雙重關(guān)系中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素,減少倫理困境的發(fā)生。 結(jié)論 1.心理咨詢與治療師對(duì)熟人雙重關(guān)系的態(tài)度存在爭(zhēng)議。 2.熟人雙重關(guān)系的發(fā)生很普遍。 3.熟人雙重關(guān)系普遍發(fā)生與我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)儒家文化和現(xiàn)實(shí)從業(yè)環(huán)境有關(guān)。 4.既存在有利的熟人雙重關(guān)系,也存在有害的熟人雙重關(guān)系。熟人雙重關(guān)系性質(zhì)的好壞取決于心理咨詢與治療師能否有效地應(yīng)對(duì)熟人雙重關(guān)系發(fā)展過程的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素。 5.本研究基于我國(guó)文化和本土心理咨詢與治療師實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)所構(gòu)建的熟人雙重關(guān)系倫理文化適應(yīng)決策模型,可助于心理咨詢與治療師更為合理地應(yīng)對(duì)熟人雙重關(guān)系中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素。 6.中國(guó)心理學(xué)會(huì)臨床與咨詢心理學(xué)工作倫理守則中關(guān)于熟人雙重關(guān)系的規(guī)定具有修訂的必要性,具體修訂建議為： ①心理咨詢與治療師為熟人來訪者(例如學(xué)生、同事、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、同學(xué)、朋友、鄰居、親戚等)可提供的專業(yè)心理幫助包括： 一是診斷性訪談,進(jìn)行心理問題評(píng)估,提供導(dǎo)診服務(wù)； 二是若需要進(jìn)一步處理,則可提供意識(shí)層面的咨詢與治療(如認(rèn)知與行為層面的指導(dǎo)、情緒層面的宣泄),但必須在“尊重和促進(jìn)熟人來訪者的福祉”這個(gè)最高倫理原則以及“善行”和“無傷害”兩個(gè)基本倫理價(jià)值觀的指導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行,并借助我國(guó)熟人雙重關(guān)系倫理文化適應(yīng)決策模型來應(yīng)對(duì)熟人雙重關(guān)系發(fā)展過程中的可能風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素。 ②心理咨詢與治療師不能為有頻繁交往的直接熟人提供深入的潛意識(shí)層面的咨詢與治療(如心理動(dòng)力學(xué)取向的心理咨詢與治療)。 研究的特色與創(chuàng)新之處 1.研究視角的特色與創(chuàng)新。過往國(guó)內(nèi)心理咨詢與治療中的雙重關(guān)系研究主要是借助于國(guó)外概念術(shù)語及問卷調(diào)查工具而進(jìn)行的研究,這實(shí)際是從外部視角來考察我國(guó)熟人雙重關(guān)系議題。本研究從內(nèi)部視角出發(fā),立足于我國(guó)社會(huì)文化環(huán)境,基于本土心理咨詢與治療師的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),提煉出了具有我國(guó)特色的“熟人雙重關(guān)系”術(shù)語,并對(duì)熟人雙重關(guān)系現(xiàn)狀與性質(zhì)進(jìn)行深入研究,擴(kuò)充我國(guó)現(xiàn)有雙重關(guān)系的研究視角。 2.研究?jī)?nèi)容的特色與創(chuàng)新。以往關(guān)于熟人雙重關(guān)系的研究,主要是零散地見于雙重關(guān)系或整體心理咨詢與治療專業(yè)倫理研究中,甚少專門針對(duì)熟人雙重關(guān)系的研究。本研究專門針對(duì)我國(guó)心理咨詢與治療中熟人雙重關(guān)系進(jìn)行了較全面而深入的探究,通過訪談收集了我國(guó)心理咨詢與治療師為熟人咨詢與治療的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),通過類屬分析法和情境分析法對(duì)所收集的素材進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的分析,呈現(xiàn)了熟人雙重關(guān)系現(xiàn)狀,歸納了熟人雙重關(guān)系的影響、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素、發(fā)生的原因及其應(yīng)對(duì)策略。并將熟人雙重關(guān)系置于我國(guó)文化背景進(jìn)行了解讀,從而使我國(guó)社會(huì)文化環(huán)境下的心理咨詢與治療熟人雙重關(guān)系的性質(zhì)逐步得到澄清。最后還構(gòu)建了與我國(guó)文化相契合的熟人雙重關(guān)系倫理文化適應(yīng)決策模型,為現(xiàn)有倫理守則的修訂提供了具體的建議,極大地豐富了我國(guó)熟人雙重關(guān)系的研究?jī)?nèi)容。 3.研究方法的特色與創(chuàng)新。本研究引入質(zhì)性研究方法,是對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)目前心理咨詢與治療雙重關(guān)系實(shí)證類研究中研究方法較為單一局面(絕大多數(shù)是從宏觀層面進(jìn)行的問卷調(diào)查類量化研究)的突破。相對(duì)于以往的量化研究,本研究通過深度訪談收集心理咨詢與治療中熟人雙重關(guān)系的一手素材,結(jié)合情境分析法和類屬分析法在微觀層面對(duì)熟人雙重關(guān)系進(jìn)行細(xì)致、動(dòng)態(tài)的描述和分析,更能貼近我國(guó)心理咨詢與治療中熟人雙重關(guān)系真實(shí)現(xiàn)狀,也更能呈現(xiàn)出該議題的復(fù)雜性與情境性,彌補(bǔ)了過往量化研究只能提供心理咨詢與治療師在脫離具體情境下熟人雙重關(guān)系的倫理意識(shí)或行為信息的不足。 本研究需改進(jìn)和深入的方面 1.本研究心理咨詢與治療師樣本數(shù)量只有10名,因此本研究所得到的結(jié)論,要外推到其他心理咨詢與治療師,存在一定的局限性。因此,本研究結(jié)論需要后續(xù)研究在更大的心理咨詢與治療師樣本中加以驗(yàn)證與修正。 2.本研究只從咨詢與治療師的視角對(duì)熟人雙重關(guān)系進(jìn)行了研究,然而來訪者也是熟人雙重關(guān)系的重要構(gòu)建者、參與者以及受影響者,因此未來的研究有必要以來訪者為研究對(duì)象,以便從多個(gè)視角更全面地反映熟人雙重關(guān)系現(xiàn)狀與性質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:Research significance and purpose
The development of psychological consultation and treatment in China has entered the process of Professionalization under the impetus of people's great psychological service demand and national attention. Professional ethics construction is the key to the deepening of psychological consultation and treatment professionalization, in which the double relationship between acquaintances is a prominent issue in the construction of professional ethics in China in.2007. The ethical code for psychological work (First Edition) clearly stipulates that there is a double relationship between avoiding and seeking professional service providers, while domestic research data shows that the incidence of dual relations between psychological consultation and treatment in our country is high, and the psychological counseling and therapists over 1/3 have been related to relatives, friends, neighbors, teachers and students, colleagues, classmates, and fellow townsmen. The acquaintances have provided consultation and treatment, which means that the rights and welfare of the visitors they serve may not be well protected. At the same time, there are also studies pointing out that the existing ethical regulations based on the Western code of ethics do not conform to the cultural characteristics of our country and guide and evaluate the behavior of our psychological counseling and therapists in China. Therefore, it is necessary to make a thorough study of the dual relations of acquaintances under the cultural background of our country and the realistic environment, in order to solve the dilemma of the conflict between the actual behavior of the current psychological consultation and the therapist in the practice of the acquaintances and the existing ethical regulations.
The purpose of this study is to explore the dual relationship of acquaintances in the psychological consultation and treatment practice in our country based on the cultural background and practical environment of our country, and to present the current situation and influence of the dual relationship of the acquaintances in the psychological consultation and treatment of our country, analyze the causes and influencing factors of its existence, and sum up the psychological consultation and treatment of our country. Based on the results of this study, the author interprets the occurrence and development process of the dual relations of acquaintances from the cultural perspective of our country, and constructs a decision-making model of the dual relationship ethics and culture of acquaintances with the culture of our country, and provides specific suggestions for the revision of the existing ethical code.
Object and method
1. research methods
Due to the complexity and situational nature of acquaintances' dual relationship, qualitative research is adopted in this study.
2. sampling method and research object
In this study, the purpose of this study was to select the purpose sampling in the qualitative study, select the psychological consultation and therapist of the psychological consultation and treatment center of the general hospital, psychiatry hospital, college and middle school and other institutions. According to the purpose of the study and the previous research results, the inclusion criteria of the subjects were set as: (1) obtaining the country Psychologist three qualification certificate, or registered psychologist qualification, or psychiatrist's qualification; (2) engaged in psychological counseling and treatment for five years or more. This study uses the most common basic standard in qualitative research - "information saturation" to determine the sample size, that is, when new samples are included, there is no new information. We can stop sampling now. The information reached saturation at 10 people and stopped sampling.
3. research tools
The research tools include: first, the interview outline developed on the basis of previous literature research based on research purposes, used for the collection of data in semi structured interviews; two is the study of the informed consent, the interviewee signed before the interview; the three is the recording tool, prior to the consent of the respondents to the interview full recording; four is the root. According to the experience and reflection of the research process, the research notes are used as reference for data analysis.
4. data analysis
The interview materials were transcribed verbatim, repeated listening and recording and word for word transcript.
Result
1. the psychological consultation and therapist all have contact with the basic ethical concept of "double relations". They have great disagreement about the attitude of "avoiding the double relationship of acquaintances", from very favorable to very disapproving. Most of the respondents are contradictory to the state of the double relationship of acquaintances. On the one hand, it should be in principle. On the other hand, on the other hand, it is hard to avoid.
2. most of the psychological counseling and therapists have encountered students, leaders, colleagues, friends, classmates, relatives and other acquaintances to seek professional psychological help, and have also mentioned psychological counseling and treatment for these acquaintances.
3. the common understanding of the dual relationship between psychological counseling and therapists on acquaintances - the key to the attention of the two parties to the "relationship" and the psychological consultation and the therapist to shoulder multiple identities and roles.
4. in the dual relationship between psychological consultation and therapists and visitors, the relationship of acquaintances can be divided into direct and indirect types, and professional relationships can be divided into guidance, real and empathy. In addition to the mismatch between direct acquaintances and empathy specialties, other acquaintances and professional relationships are all under certain conditions. It is possible to match. It is not appropriate for psychological counseling and therapists to provide in-depth subconscious counseling and treatment (such as psychological counseling and treatment) for direct acquaintances with frequent contacts (such as psychological counseling and treatment), and to provide in-depth subconscious counseling and treatment for less exposed acquaintances (such as psychological dynamics). Psychological counseling and treatment is appropriate under certain conditions, and it is also appropriate to provide an indirect or direct acquaintance with the first diagnostic interview or a superficial awareness level of consultation and treatment (such as the guidance of cognitive and behavioral level and emotional level).
The advantages and disadvantages of the double relationship between 5. acquaintances have two main characteristics: (1) as a whole, the double relationship of the acquaintances not only has a beneficial effect, but also the beneficial psychological help and change in the general consultation and treatment of the acquaintances, that is, the consultation and treatment of the double relationship without acquaintances, as well as the promotion of consultation and treatment. It also has harmful effects, including the lack of ideal psychological help and the possibility of being used or threatened by the visitors, which makes the conflict between the consultant and therapist in the energy and time intensifies and easily produces emotional fatigue, so that the relationship between the former acquaintances of the two parties is damaged. The influence of relationship can be divided into three situations, which are beneficial, harmless, beneficial and harmful, and harmful.
6. the 7 risk factors that resulted in the adverse effects of the acquaintances were: (1) the role conflict; (2) the role orientation of the consultative and visiting parties was vague; (3) the unstandard setting of psychological counseling and treatment boundaries; (4) the lack of attention to the confidentiality of psychological counseling and therapists; and (5) the low ethical sensitivity of psychological counseling and therapists; Lack of ethical skills, inadequate professional competence.
7. senior psychological counseling and therapists have often adopted 7 coping strategies in consultation and treatment of acquaintances: (1) for the harmony of the relationship, the requesting of the acquaintances will be first agreed; (2) what kind of psychological help is provided to ensure the well-being of the visitors and how to provide the psychological help after comprehensive evaluation; and (3) the initiative to define the roles of the two parties clearly and clearly; (4) initiative To emphasize and explain the principle of confidentiality to the visitors, the acquaintances who come to explore the situation voluntarily only talk about the mental health knowledge, and do not talk about the specific details; 5. Establish and maintain a flexible psychological consultation and treatment boundary setting; (6) to maintain the neutrality and the accuracy of judgment in the process of consultation and treatment: (7) popularize the ethics of psychological consultation and treatment professional ethics We should avoid the risk factors in the relationship between acquaintances in advance and reduce the occurrence of ethical dilemmas.
conclusion
1. the attitude of psychological counselling and therapists to the dual relationship between acquaintances is controversial.
The occurrence of the double relationship between 2. acquaintances is very common.
3. the relationship between acquaintances is generally related to our traditional Confucian culture and practical working environment.
4. there is a double relationship between favorable acquaintances and harmful acquaintances. The quality of the double relationship between the acquaintances depends on whether the psychological consultation and therapist can effectively cope with the risk factors of the development of the acquaintances' dual relationship.
5. this study is based on the practice of Chinese culture and local psychological counseling and therapists' practical experience, which can help the psychological consultation and therapist to deal with the risk factors in the relationship of acquaintances more reasonably.
6. there is a need to revise the regulations on the relationship between acquaintances in the code of ethics of clinical and consulting psychology of the Chinese Psychological Association.
Psychological counseling and therapists can provide professional psychological help for acquaintances, such as students, colleagues, leaders, classmates, friends, neighbors, relatives, etc.
First, diagnostic interviews are conducted to assess psychological problems and provide guidance services.
Two, if further treatment is needed, a conscious level of consultation and treatment (such as the guidance of cognitive and behavioral level, emotional level) is provided, but it must be guided by the supreme ethical principles of "respecting and promoting the well-being of the acquaintances of acquaintances", as well as the two basic ethical values of "good" and "no harm". With the help of our acquaintances' dual relationship ethics and acculturation decision-making model, we can deal with the possible risk factors in the development of acquaintances' dual relations.
(2) psychological counseling and therapists can not provide deep subconscious counseling and treatment for direct acquaintances with frequent contacts (psychological counseling and treatment, such as psychological dynamics).
The characteristics and innovation of the research
1. the characteristics and innovation of the research perspective. The research on the double relationship in the past domestic psychological counseling and treatment is mainly by the use of foreign conceptual terms and questionnaire survey tools. This is actually an external perspective to investigate the dual relationship issues of Chinese acquaintances. This study is based on the internal perspective and is based on the social and cultural environment in China, Based on the practical experience of local psychological counseling and therapists, the terminology of "double relations of acquaintances" with Chinese characteristics is extracted, and the current situation and nature of the double relations of acquaintances are deeply studied, and the research perspective of the existing dual relations in China is expanded.
2. the characteristics and innovation of the research content. The previous research on the double relationship of acquaintances is mainly in the study of the dual relationship or the ethical study of the overall psychological consultation and treatment, and little specifically aimed at the study of the double relationship between the acquaintances. This study is aimed at the more comprehensive relationship between the acquaintances and the acquaintances in the psychological consultation and treatment in our country. Through the interview, we collect the practical experience of consultation and treatment for acquaintances and therapists in our country through interviews. Through the analysis of category and situation analysis, this paper makes a detailed analysis of the collected materials, presents the status of the double relations of acquaintances, sums up the influence of the acquaintances, the risk factors, the causes of the occurrence and the reasons for it. In order to clarify the dual relationship between psychological consultation and treatment acquaintances in our social and cultural environment, the dual relations of acquaintances in China's social and cultural environment are gradually clarified. The amendment provides concrete suggestions and greatly enriches the research contents of the dual relationship between acquaintances in China.
3. the characteristics and innovation of the research method. The qualitative research method introduced in this study is a breakthrough in the single situation in the empirical study of the dual relationship of psychological consultation and treatment in China (the vast majority of them are quantitative research on the questionnaire survey from the macro level). On the basis of the detailed and dynamic description and analysis of the double relations between the acquaintances and the acquaintances in the microcosmic layer, the one hand material for collecting the double relations between psychological consultation and the treatment of the acquaintances in the treatment of the acquaintances can be closer to the reality of the double relations of the acquaintances in the psychological consultation and treatment of our country and the complexity and feeling of the issue. In the past, quantitative research can only provide psychological counselling and therapists familiar with the situation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B849

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 司月秀;;國(guó)民幸福指數(shù)的研究?jī)r(jià)值及對(duì)策分析[J];北方工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2008年02期

2 羅家德;;關(guān)系與圈子——中國(guó)人工作場(chǎng)域中的圈子現(xiàn)象[J];管理學(xué)報(bào);2012年02期

3 張自然;袁富華;趙家章;;中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中的兩個(gè)反差——中國(guó)30個(gè)城市生活質(zhì)量調(diào)查報(bào)告[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)動(dòng)態(tài);2011年07期

4 張泉水;劉晉洪;陳家建;黃曉宇;張秀芬;;深圳市外來工心理衛(wèi)生服務(wù)需求研究[J];中國(guó)健康心理學(xué)雜志;2006年04期

5 宗焱;黃通勇;王曉剛;張泉水;;某省中青年監(jiān)獄警察心理服務(wù)需求初探[J];中國(guó)健康心理學(xué)雜志;2009年03期

6 沈毅;;“仁”、“義”、“禮”的日常實(shí)踐:“關(guān)系”、“人情”與“面子”——從“差序格局”看儒家“大傳統(tǒng)”在日�！靶�傳統(tǒng)”中的現(xiàn)實(shí)定位[J];開放時(shí)代;2007年04期

7 李強(qiáng);高文s，

本文編號(hào)：1913282