發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-20 09:04

【摘要】：面孔識(shí)別，在人類(lèi)社會(huì)的交往過(guò)程中發(fā)揮著重要的作用，人們通過(guò)對(duì)方的面孔來(lái)知覺(jué)對(duì)方的性別、年齡、身份地位、情緒狀態(tài)及種族等信息。面孔作為一種特殊的圖形信息，既包含了整體的構(gòu)型特征，也包含了部分的分析特征。而作為個(gè)體所具有的一種穩(wěn)定的認(rèn)知和人格特征的認(rèn)知方式，它有著整體加工優(yōu)勢(shì)和部分加工的差異，那么對(duì)面孔識(shí)別的加工成績(jī)也會(huì)表現(xiàn)出不同的影響。在多元文化的背景下，人們經(jīng)常表現(xiàn)出識(shí)別本族面孔要比識(shí)別異族面孔的成績(jī)好，這一現(xiàn)象被稱為異族效應(yīng)并被證實(shí)為穩(wěn)定的效應(yīng)。本研究試圖揭示具備不同的認(rèn)知方式的不同民族的大學(xué)生在識(shí)別本族和異族面孔時(shí)所表現(xiàn)出的差異及其異族效應(yīng)的變化規(guī)律性。 研究首先選取某高校789名維吾爾族和漢族大學(xué)生，采用威特金團(tuán)體鑲嵌圖形測(cè)驗(yàn)的修訂版，篩選出具有典型的場(chǎng)獨(dú)立和場(chǎng)依存型被試161名參加實(shí)驗(yàn)。研究由三個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)構(gòu)成，均采用經(jīng)典“學(xué)習(xí)-再認(rèn)”研究范式，，以整體加工、破壞整體信息、局部加工三種不同加工方式為實(shí)驗(yàn)條件，選取整體面孔、倒立面孔以及只留眼睛的部分信息面孔為實(shí)驗(yàn)材料，來(lái)探討不同場(chǎng)認(rèn)知方式的差異對(duì)維漢大學(xué)生識(shí)別異族面孔成績(jī)的影響。 結(jié)果顯示： （1）整體面孔的識(shí)別，場(chǎng)認(rèn)知方式差異顯著，表現(xiàn)為場(chǎng)獨(dú)立者成績(jī)要好于場(chǎng)依存者；維吾爾族大學(xué)生識(shí)別本族的面孔的成績(jī)比識(shí)別異族面孔的成績(jī)好，出現(xiàn)異族效應(yīng)；而漢族大學(xué)生識(shí)別維吾爾族面孔的成績(jī)比識(shí)別本族面孔的成績(jī)好，出現(xiàn)反轉(zhuǎn)效應(yīng)。 （2）在識(shí)別整體破壞的倒立面孔實(shí)驗(yàn)中，被試識(shí)別績(jī)效均比識(shí)別完整面孔低，場(chǎng)認(rèn)知方式的差異不顯著，維吾爾族大學(xué)生在識(shí)別倒立面孔中也出現(xiàn)了異族效應(yīng)。 （3）在面孔眼睛部分的識(shí)別中，不同類(lèi)型被試也體現(xiàn)出了識(shí)別績(jī)效的下降，但是也有異族效應(yīng)的體現(xiàn)；場(chǎng)獨(dú)立者識(shí)別面孔眼睛部分的成績(jī)比場(chǎng)依存者要好；維吾爾族大學(xué)生在識(shí)別面孔局部眼睛同樣出現(xiàn)異族效應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:Face recognition plays an important role in the communication process of human society. People perceive each other's gender, age, status, emotional state and race through their faces. As a kind of special graphic information, face includes not only the whole configuration feature, but also the partial analysis feature. As an individual with a stable cognitive and personality characteristics of cognitive style, it has the overall processing advantages and partial processing differences, then face recognition processing results will show different effects. In the context of multiculturalism, people often show that the recognition of their faces is better than the recognition of their faces. This phenomenon is called the alien effect and has been proved to be a stable effect. This study attempts to reveal the differences in the recognition of the faces of different ethnic groups and the regularity of their heterosexual effects on college students with different cognitive styles. At first, 789 Uygur and Han college students in a certain university were selected and 161 subjects with typical field independence and field dependence were selected by using the revised edition of Witkin group mosaic test. The study is composed of three experiments, all of which adopt the classic "learning-recognition" paradigm. The experimental conditions are three different processing methods: holistic processing, destroying the whole information, and local processing, and the whole face is selected. Headstand faces and only some information faces with only eyes were used as experimental materials to explore the effect of different cognitive styles on the recognition of foreign faces of Uighur and Chinese college students. The results showed that: (1) there were significant differences in the recognition of the whole face, which showed that the field independent students had better results than the field dependents, and Uygur college students had better results in recognizing the faces of their own ethnic group than those of the foreign faces. The result of recognition of Uygur faces is better than that of native faces, and the reverse effect appears. (2) in the experiment of recognizing the whole destroyed inverted faces, the students of Han nationality have better results in recognizing the faces of Uygur nationality than in the recognition of their own faces. (2) in the experiment, The recognition performance of Uygur students was lower than that of the whole face recognition, and the difference of field cognitive style was not significant. Uygur college students also had an alien effect in the recognition of inverted face. (3) in the recognition of face eye part, Uygur university students also had an alien effect in the recognition of inverted faces. Different types of subjects also showed a decline in recognition performance, but there was also a heterogeneous effect, field independent recognition of the face eye part of the performance is better than the field dependent; Uygur college students also have an alien effect in face recognition.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B842.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 鄭雪;評(píng)威特金的心理分化理論[J];華南師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);1994年01期

2 彭小虎,羅躍嘉,魏景漢,王國(guó)鋒;面孔內(nèi)外特征對(duì)東西方面孔識(shí)別影響的ERP研究[J];航天醫(yī)學(xué)與醫(yī)學(xué)工程;2003年02期

3 程濤,張茂林;認(rèn)知方式理論的整合與發(fā)展[J];濟(jì)南大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2004年02期

4 王松琴,葛列眾;面孔認(rèn)知模型的近期研究[J];人類(lèi)工效學(xué);2003年03期

5 楊治良,郭力平;認(rèn)知風(fēng)格的研究進(jìn)展[J];心理科學(xué);2001年03期

6 楊紅升;黃希庭;;面孔識(shí)別異族效應(yīng)的研究[J];心理科學(xué);2008年06期

7 彭小虎,羅躍嘉,衛(wèi)星,王國(guó)鋒,魏景漢;東西方面孔異族效應(yīng)機(jī)理的電生理學(xué)證據(jù)[J];心理學(xué)報(bào);2003年01期

8 匡培梓;李德明;郭念鋒;;行為神經(jīng)生物學(xué)某些研究簡(jiǎn)況[J];心理學(xué)動(dòng)態(tài);1988年03期

9 彭小虎,羅躍嘉,魏景漢,王國(guó)鋒;面孔識(shí)別的認(rèn)知模型與電生理學(xué)證據(jù)[J];心理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2002年03期

10 李明芳;張燁;張慶林;;面孔識(shí)別中腦電成分N170的研究概述[J];心理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2010年12期

本文編號(hào)：2282682