發(fā)布時間：2018-06-29 06:46

  本文選題：舍伍德·安德森 + 《小鎮(zhèn)畸人》��； 參考：《安徽大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：舍伍德·安德森是美國現(xiàn)代小說的開創(chuàng)者之一,其新穎的創(chuàng)作手法以及自然簡約的語言風格對海明威、福克納、斯坦貝克等諸多現(xiàn)代美國作家都產生了重要影響,被譽為"巨人們"的導師。相比較其他作家,安德森的文學創(chuàng)作起步較晚,但在其短暫的創(chuàng)作生涯中,安德森卻留下了大量的文學著作。其主要作品包括長篇小說《溫迪·麥克弗森之子》、《前進的人們》《窮白人》和短篇小說集《小鎮(zhèn)畸人》、《雞蛋的勝利》、《林中之死》以及詩歌《中西部之歌》、《新約》等,其中,以短篇小說成就最高、影響最大。安德森的短篇小說形式"散漫",內容新穎,極大地影響了后來美國短篇小說的發(fā)展�！缎℃�(zhèn)畸人》以一種開創(chuàng)性的松散結構,通過選取普通人的日常生活片段,成功地勾勒出了 20世紀初社會轉型時期美國中西部小鎮(zhèn)居民的精神荒原。同時,這部作品也集中展示了安德森的創(chuàng)作理念和藝術追求。他拋棄了傳統(tǒng)小說敘事對故事情節(jié)的要求,而更多的去關注個體本身,探索生活表象下的人性的真實。其筆下的溫思堡小鎮(zhèn)也因其典型而飽滿的形象一度成為美國中西部鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)文化的代表。本文以舍伍德·安德森的代表作《小鎮(zhèn)畸人》為研究對象,以新興的空間敘事理論為基礎,并結合敘事學、讀者接受理論相關知識,分別從故事所描繪的物理空間,文本的結構空間以及讀者的心理空間等方面來分析小說所展現(xiàn)出來的空間性藝術。首先,在故事內容上,安德森向讀者描繪了一個集農業(yè)傳統(tǒng)與工業(yè)文明于一體的矛盾空間—溫思堡小鎮(zhèn),并借用該空間來對人物進行表征,讓空間的故事成為人物本身的故事,揭示了作品的主題。其次,在結構安排上,安德森打破了單一的因果—線性敘事模式,采用立體的并置敘事模式,多角度、多方位地對人物及故事進行展示,進一步強調主題;最后,安德森利用多種敘事技巧,激發(fā)讀者潛在的主觀能動性,讓其在不知不覺中一步步走進"畸人"的內心世界。論文主要分為五個部分,第一章簡要介紹空間敘事理論及作家作品,包括國內外關于《小鎮(zhèn)畸人》的研究現(xiàn)狀�？臻g敘事研究,簡言之,就是探索空間作為不同于時間的另一種敘事元素是如何參與、影響與推動故事發(fā)展的。論文結合約瑟夫·弗蘭克的空間形式理論和加布里爾佐倫的空間敘事理論,以《小鎮(zhèn)畸人》所展現(xiàn)出來的具體空間特點為依據,分別從故事的內容、形式及讀者接受等方面對作品的空間性進行分析。論文的第二章主要分析《小鎮(zhèn)畸人》中由大量的背景描寫所構成的物理空間。在這一層空間中,既有傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)實的博弈,也有農業(yè)、手工業(yè)文明與大機器生產的沖突,更有城鄉(xiāng)生活之間的巨大差異。安德森精心塑造溫斯堡小鎮(zhèn)這一充滿矛盾的特色空間,并將具有相似特征的人物安放于其中,使空間成為人物的表征,成為推動故事發(fā)展的重要因素。論文第三章主要從作品的結構方面論述主題一并置這種空間敘事模式在《小鎮(zhèn)畸人》中的運用。認為《小鎮(zhèn)畸人》并不是傳統(tǒng)意義上的短篇小說集,而是一部由共同主題而串連起來的空間形式小說。各個故事從不同側面反映人們的精神狀態(tài),共同揭示了現(xiàn)代人的異化主題。論文的第四章系統(tǒng)討論了《小鎮(zhèn)畸人》的空間性特征與讀者接受之間的關系。從讀者的心理空間建構這一角度出發(fā),研究安德森是如何運用重復、控制敘事節(jié)奏、開放式結尾等手法來影響讀者的閱讀體驗,提高讀者的參與度,讓讀者能夠走近"畸人",產生情感共鳴。第五章是論文的結語,指出《小鎮(zhèn)畸人》之所以能夠取得如此之高的藝術成就,主要得益于安德森在敘事中對空間元素的大量運用。從空間敘事角度對該小說進行解讀,探索小說內在的邏輯關系,有助于從總體上把握小說所要表達的主題,對進一步理解空間要素在現(xiàn)代小說中所發(fā)揮的重要作用有一定的啟示意義。
[Abstract]:Sherwood Anderson is one of the pioneers of modern American novels. His novel writing techniques and natural and simple language style have an important influence on many modern American writers, such as Hemingway, Faulkner, Steinbeck and so on. They are known as the tutors of "giants". Compared to other writers, Anderson's literary creation started late, but in the meantime, it is very late. In his short career, Anderson has left a large number of literary works. His main works include novels, the son of Wendy McPherson, the people of progress, the poor whites, the short stories, the small town, the victory of eggs, the death of the woods, the songs of the East and the west, the New Testament, etc., of which, the most successful in short stories. The form of Anderson's short stories is "scattered" and its content is novel, which greatly affects the development of American short stories. "The small town" is a groundbreaking loose structure, and by selecting the ordinary people's daily life fragments, the spirit of the middle western small town residents in the social transition period of the early twentieth Century is successfully outlined. At the same time, this work also concentrates on Anderson's creative ideas and artistic pursuit. He abandoned the request of the traditional novel narrative to the plot, and paid more attention to the individual itself and explored the truth of human nature under the image of life. The representative of the village and township culture. This article takes Sherwood Anderson's representative as the research object, based on the new spatial narrative theory, and combines the narratology, the reader accepts the theory related knowledge, and analyzes the novel from the physical space depicted in the story, the structure space of the text and the psychological space of the readers. First, in the content of the story, Anderson described the contradiction space between the agricultural tradition and the industrial civilization - the town of the contradiction between the agricultural tradition and the industrial civilization - the town of Wen Si fort, and used the space to represent the characters, let the story of the space become the story of the characters, and reveal the theme of the work. Secondly, in the structure security. In line, Anderson breaks the single cause and effect linear narrative mode, uses a three-dimensional juxtaposition narrative mode, displays the characters and stories in multiple angles, and emphasizes the theme. At last, Anderson uses a variety of narrative techniques to stimulate the readers' potential subjective initiative and let them step into the "deformed man" unwittingly. The thesis is divided into five parts. The first chapter is a brief introduction of the theory of space narrative and the author's works, including the status of the research on "the little town" at home and abroad. The study of space narrative, in short, is to explore how the space as another narrative element different from the time is to participate in and influence and promote the development of the story. Kojosef Frank's space form theory and Gabriel R Len's spatial narrative theory are based on the specific spatial characteristics shown in the small town deformities. The second chapters of the thesis are mainly analyzed from the content, form and reader acceptance of the story. In this space, there are both traditional and realistic games, agriculture, the conflict between the handicraft industry and the production of big machines, and the great difference between urban and rural life. Anderson carefully shapes the paradoxical space of the town of Winesburg, and puts the characters with similar characteristics in the space. Among them, space becomes the characterization of the characters, and it becomes an important factor to promote the development of the story. The third chapter of the paper mainly discusses the application of the theme of the theme from the structure of the works. The fourth chapters of the paper systematically discuss the relationship between the spatial characteristics of the small town and the reader's acceptance. From the angle of the psychological space construction of the readers, the paper studies how Anderson uses it. Repeat, control the narrative rhythm, open end and so on to influence readers' reading experience, improve the reader's participation, and let the readers get closer to "abnormal people" and produce emotional resonance. The fifth chapter is the conclusion of the thesis, pointing out that the reason why the small town is able to achieve such high artistic achievements is mainly due to Anderson's space in the narrative. A large number of elements are used to interpret the novel from the angle of space and explore the inner logical relationship of the novel. It is helpful to grasp the theme of the novel in general and to understand the important role played by the space elements in the modern novel.
【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I712.074

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相關期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：2081269