發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-25 13:21

  本文選題：劉裕　切入點(diǎn)：蕭道成　出處：《重慶師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：南朝,中國歷史上政權(quán)更迭最為頻繁的時(shí)期之一。戰(zhàn)爭兼并,殺人奪權(quán),機(jī)關(guān)用盡是這個(gè)時(shí)期的基本活動(dòng)。而在曠日持久的政權(quán)掠奪中,先后培育出了以劉裕、蕭道成、蕭衍、陳霸先為代表的具有重建政權(quán)、統(tǒng)一全國的新的政治力量,他們以建康(今江蘇南京)為都城,先后建立了宋齊梁陳四個(gè)王朝。劉裕、蕭道成、蕭衍、陳霸先四人先后在入仕之前擁有不同的身世背景,深受不同教育環(huán)境的影響。劉裕家貧,自小混跡市井,交友廣泛,與各類人頻繁接觸;蕭道成因其父關(guān)系,十三歲受業(yè)于時(shí)著名學(xué)者雷次宗,深受儒家思想文化教育啟蒙和熏陶,后又隨其父征戰(zhàn)沙場,并從戰(zhàn)斗中汲取戰(zhàn)爭的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn);蕭衍因其世家子弟的身份,多與官貴子弟交好,見多識廣,博學(xué)多通;陳霸先出身寒微,但好學(xué)上進(jìn),善于謀略。盡管他們的成長過程不一樣,但戰(zhàn)亂的社會(huì)環(huán)境背景卻為他們的軍事化和政治社會(huì)化提供了必要的條件,他們都不約而同地選擇以從軍的方式作為入仕的起點(diǎn),通過戰(zhàn)場上的廝殺,將其個(gè)人的品格、智力、才能及勇氣等全方位的展現(xiàn)出來,利用戰(zhàn)爭的勝利,在軍事領(lǐng)域嶄露頭角,并通過功績逐步的累積來謀取更多的軍事利益,從而完成由一個(gè)普通百姓到軍事將領(lǐng)的身份和角色的轉(zhuǎn)換。隨著劉裕、蕭道成、蕭衍、陳霸先擁有的軍事權(quán)力不斷增強(qiáng),為了尋求更好的發(fā)展空間,他們以進(jìn)入政權(quán)中樞為新目標(biāo)。與此同時(shí),維護(hù)政權(quán)統(tǒng)治的官僚機(jī)構(gòu)腐朽,各地起義軍也隨之增多,導(dǎo)致戰(zhàn)亂頻發(fā),地方武裝勢力割據(jù),皇權(quán)被進(jìn)一步削弱,這樣的政治環(huán)境為劉裕、蕭道成、蕭衍、陳霸先先后崛起創(chuàng)造了機(jī)會(huì)�；蕶�(quán)一直以來都是由軍權(quán)保駕護(hù)航,政局的混亂,宗室內(nèi)部的權(quán)力斗爭,使得更多朝臣轉(zhuǎn)向投奔擁有強(qiáng)大軍事實(shí)力的領(lǐng)軍將軍,以尋求其在政治上的庇護(hù),這便為當(dāng)時(shí)擁有一定軍事勢力的劉裕、蕭道成、蕭衍、陳霸先提供了權(quán)力膨脹的平臺。而劉裕、蕭道成、蕭衍、陳霸先都以維護(hù)現(xiàn)有統(tǒng)治秩序?yàn)榭谔?以“忠孝仁義”為行事立身之基,廣招賢能之士歸附于自己。劉裕、蕭道成、蕭衍、陳霸先為代表的政治軍事勢力聯(lián)盟逐漸壯大起來,形成足以影響政局發(fā)展的強(qiáng)勢力量。同時(shí),劉裕、蕭道成、蕭衍、陳霸先也先后完成了由地方軍事將領(lǐng)到全國性的政治領(lǐng)袖的轉(zhuǎn)變。隨著分別以劉裕、蕭道成、蕭衍、陳霸先為首的政治軍事勢力的壯大,致使其個(gè)人的政治社會(huì)地位日益提升,其君主的自我意識也逐漸形成。他們通過鏟除異己、征戰(zhàn)外敵等各種方式鞏固自己的政治地位,直至其自身的政治社會(huì)化已達(dá)到一個(gè)較高的程度,最終完成了朝代更替。
[Abstract]:In the Southern Dynasty, one of the most frequent periods of regime change in Chinese history, war annexation, killing and seizing power, and organ exhaustion were the basic activities of this period. In the protracted regime plunder, Liu Yu, Xiao Daocheng and Xiao Yan were successively cultivated. Chen Baxian, represented by Chen Baxian, has a new political force to rebuild political power and unify the whole country. They took Jiankang (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) as their capital, and successively established four dynasties, Liu Yu, Xiao Daocheng, and Xiao Yan, in Song Qi, Liang and Chen dynasties. The four Chen Baxian had different backgrounds before they entered the office, and were deeply influenced by different educational environments. Liu Yu's family was poor, he had mixed up with the market since childhood, he made friends extensively, and he had frequent contacts with all kinds of people. Xiao Daocheng was related to his father. Lei Cizong, a famous scholar who was educated at the age of 13, was deeply enlightened and nurtured by Confucian ideological and cultural education, and later went to war with battlefield with his father, and learned the lessons of war from the battle. Xiao Yan, because of the status of his family and children, was more friendly with the official and expensive children. Chen Ba-hsien came from a humble background, but was eager to learn and advance, and was good at strategy. Although their growth process was different, the social background of the war provided them with the necessary conditions for their militarization and political socialization. They all unanimously chose to join the military as the starting point for their official career. Through fighting on the battlefield, they displayed their personal character, intelligence, talent and courage in an all-round way, making use of the victory of the war to emerge in the military field. And through the gradual accumulation of merit to seek more military benefits, thus completing the transition from an ordinary citizen to a military general's identity and role. As Liu Yu, Xiao Daocheng, Xiao Yan, Chen Baxian have increased military power, In order to seek a better space for development, they aim to enter the political center as a new goal. At the same time, the bureaucracy to safeguard the regime's rule is decaying, and the rebel forces in various localities are also increasing, resulting in frequent wars and the separation of local armed forces. The imperial power has been further weakened. This political environment has created opportunities for the rise of Liu Yu, Xiao Daocheng, Xiao Yan, and Chen Baxian one after another. The imperial power has always been accompanied by military power, political chaos, and power struggle within the clan. So that more courtiers turned to leading generals with strong military power in order to seek their political asylum. This was for Liu Yu, Xiao Daocheng and Xiao Yan, who had certain military influence at that time. Chen Baxian provided a platform for the expansion of power. Liu Yu, Xiao Daocheng, Xiao Yan, and Chen Baxian all adopted the slogan of maintaining the existing ruling order, taking "loyalty, filial piety, benevolence and righteousness" as the basis for their actions. The broad recruitment of talented people was attached to themselves. Liu Yu, Xiao Daocheng, Xiao Yan, Chen Baxian, the alliance of political and military forces represented by Chen Baxian, gradually grew up and formed a powerful force sufficient to influence the development of the political situation. At the same time, Liu Yu, Xiao Daocheng, Xiao Yan, Chen Baxian has also successively completed the transformation from local military to national political leaders. With the expansion of the political and military forces headed by Liu Yu, Xiao Daocheng, Xiao Yan, and Chen Baxian respectively, their personal political and social status has been increasingly upgraded. The self-consciousness of their monarchs also gradually formed. They consolidated their political status by eliminating dissidents and invading foreign enemies until their own political socialization had reached a higher degree and finally completed the replacement of the dynasty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K239.1

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